化学青年教师实验素养的问题表现与提升路径—基于 2020年江苏省高中化学青年教师教学基本功大赛

江苏省高中化学青年教师教学基本功大赛突出了对教师实验素养的考查。大赛中对教师实验素养考查的内容有6个项目。通过观摩大赛,发现部分选手实验素养较弱,表现在化学实验安全知识“口是心非”,化学基础原理知识“似是而非”,化学实验内容设计未能体现“以生为本”,化学实验操作未能“精益求精”。分析青年教师实验素养问题的原因,提出青年教师实验素养提升的路径有:落实教师实验素养提升培训活动,开展实验创新研讨活动,突出基于实验内容的教学设计。     

五年制学前教育专科生培养中绿色化学理念的渗透

从提高化学素养、增强职业修养、改善生活习惯3个角度分析了向五年制学前教育专科生渗透绿色化学理念的必要性,并结合已有实践从化学学科教学、课外实践活动、科学兴趣小组、绿色化学实验4个方面探讨了如何有效地在五年制学前教育专科生培养中渗透绿色化学理念。     

广泛的应用化学实验是提高学生知识质量的主要条件之一

1.化学实验在化学教学过程中的意义化学教师工作的效果也如其他各科教师一样,系于很多的条件:思想政治的修养,科学的修养,教育的修养,在课前仔细准备进行每一课教学的完全高度的质量,有系统的考察学生的知识,在教学各个阶段中接近每一个学生,及时去帮助个别学生。在所有这些条件中,对化学教     

以史为鉴谈化学教师的素养

化学教师,不仅是化学知识的传授者,而且是智力资源的开发者和品德行为的指导者。化学教师的素养,直接关系到化学教育的兴衰成败,对学生的道德、伦理、品质、志趣、修养、知识、能力、作风、习惯、态度、方法等,有非常重要的影响。     

研究型教师培养的“微型化学实验”教学模式

研究型教师培养的“微型化学实验”教学模式是形成职前化学教师实验研究素养的有效途径.其基本特征为:选题的适切性、研究的自主性、能力的生成性和实验的创新性.实践表明,这一教学模式的实施有利于师范生实验研究、实验教学和创新能力的提高,能够促进教师专业化的发展.     

化学实验熟练技巧的成长

先进的化学教师们的工作经验证明,化学实验的工作只有在教师和同学们共同来完成时,才能巩固同学们知识,正确地运用实验操作是获得化学基本知识的工具,故要求同学们能培养出一系列的实验技术及修养。如果缺乏培养这种技术修养,则常会使同学们在作实验时将自己的注意力集中在操作的技术上,而不注     

试论化学实验素养

在推进素质教育的进程中,素养、科学素养、实验素养等词语频频出现,学术界对其概念的意义及内涵的解说众说纷纭,见解各异,至今尚未定论。1化学实验素养的涵义素养即平素的修养,是个人修养所达到的程度及表现,是一个人思想、文化、道德及技能等诸方面实际水平的综合体现。素养和     

基于化学学科核心素养发展的试题测量目标分析及启示*——以2019年全国高考Ⅰ卷部分化学试题为例

从2019年全国高考Ⅰ卷理综化学试题中,选择物质性质及应用、化学实验和化学反应原理等3个典型内容领域的3道选择题,基于化学学科核心素养发展进行试题测量目标分析。淡化具体知识的识记要求、强化基于核心主干知识支撑下的有效认识、分析和解决问题的综合能力,是高考的价值取向和素养导向。教师对试题的分析应从“知识为本”走向“素养为本”,素养立意的高考试题呼唤课堂教学转型,教师需加强对课堂转型内涵及其要求的认识。     

试论化学核心素养的结构

化学核心素养包含了“化学”的素养、“核心”的素养、“人”的素养三重意蕴。基于对化学核心素养的概念分析和层次分析,提出其四维度结构模型。在4个维度中,“化学基本观念”是基础维度,“化学过程”和“化学在生活中的应用”是2个活化维度,“对化学的态度”是动力维度。化学核心素养为学术性化学素养和生活性化学素养的发展同时奠定了基础。把握3种化学素养在结构和具体维度上的差异有助于理解化学核心素养的内涵,也有助于把握中学化学课程中不同模块的教学定位。     

西部农村初中化学实验教学现状调查——以甘肃省某县为例

选取甘肃省某县为调查对象,对目前西部农村初中化学实验教学的现状进行调查,分析实验教学中存在的问题及原因。调查显示目前西部农村初中化学实验教学中存在的问题主要有:教师教学理念"陈旧",教师化学实验教学素养较低,学生实验活动缺少合理的评价,教师责任感和教学动力缺失,教师缺乏实验教学的策略,化学实验室正常运转困难,这都会影响化学实验教学。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.