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1.
李洁  孔凡太  张昌能  刘伟庆  戴松元 《化学学报》2010,68(14):1357-1362
在染料敏化太阳电池中, 引入共吸附剂通常有抑制染料聚集和提高电池性能的作用. 通过光谱电化学、线性伏安扫描和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)研究了几种以单羧酸基为吸附基团的共吸附剂对纳米TiO2薄膜的修饰作用. 结果表明本实验中的共吸附剂均能使TiO2平带电势负移, 并抑制TiO2导带电子的复合, 其中胆酸类共吸附剂表现出较好的暗电流抑制性能. 适当浓度共吸附剂的引入能够提高N719染料敏化太阳电池的开路电压、填充因子和光电转换效率.  相似文献   

2.
共吸附剂修饰纳晶TiO2薄膜电极是目前染料敏化太阳电池研究的一个热点. 本文通过平带电势和电化学阻抗研究了二(3,3-二甲基丁基)次膦酸和鹅脱氧胆酸两种共吸附剂修饰对TiO2薄膜电极的平带电势和电极表面钝化能力的影响及其在染料敏化太阳电池中的应用. 结果表明, 二(3,3-二甲基丁基)次膦酸能更有效地钝化TiO2薄膜表面, 并使TiO2薄膜平带电势负移. 电化学阻抗谱测试结果表明, 在染料敏化太阳电池中, 相对于鹅脱氧胆酸, 二(3,3-二甲基丁基)次膦酸能更显著地提高器件的电子寿命和开路电压.  相似文献   

3.
染料敏化太阳电池(DSC)作为新型太阳电池自问世以来受到了广泛关注, 其系统内部的接触界面尤其是TiO2/染料/电解质界面一直是该领域的研究热点. 光敏染料的吸附以及电子的注入、传输和复合都发生在该界面, 其界面性质对DSC性能具有很大影响. 对染料敏化太阳电池中TiO2/染料/电解质界面进行修饰可以有效抑制染料聚集和电子复合, 提高电子的注入效率与传输速率; 同时, 对TiO2导带边的位置及染料吸附等也产生一定的影响, 最终提高电池的光电转换效率和稳定性. 本文主要从不同的修饰途径详细评述了TiO2/染料/电解质界面修饰方法及机理研究进展,包括TiO2光阳极的修饰改性、染料溶液中共吸附剂的引入和多种染料共敏化处理以及电解质中不同功能添加剂的应用. 指出了这些修饰方法目前存在的主要问题, 并对未来的发展方向进行了展望.  相似文献   

4.
染料敏化太阳电池电解质   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
郭磊  潘旭  戴松元 《化学进展》2008,20(10):1595-1605
染料敏化太阳电池是新一代的太阳电池,有着巨大的应用前景。其中电解质体系是电池组成的主要部分,对电池的性能有着重要的影响。本文介绍了染料敏化太阳电池的基本原理,详细评述了近几年国内外学者对染料敏化太阳电池用电解质体系的研究进展情况,根据电解质的存在状态将其分为液态、准固态和固态三大类并逐一进行介绍,最后对该领域的前景进行了展望。  相似文献   

5.
对TiO2/染料/电解质界面进行修饰是提高染料敏化太阳电池(DSC)性能的有效手段,其中引入共吸附剂有机小分子和染料共同吸附在TiO2表面是一种简单有效提高DSC性能的方法.本文合成了长链的双正十二烷基次膦酸(DDdPA)作为染料的共吸附剂应用于染料敏化太阳电池.通过红外光谱(FT-IR)表征DDdPA在TiO2表面的吸附;借助电化学阻抗谱(EIS)及强度调制光电流谱(IMPS)/强度调制光电压谱(IMVS)等技术表征了电子的传输与复合动力学过程.研究发现,DDdPA可以很好地与染料共同吸附在TiO2表面;与二(3,3-二甲基丁基)次膦酸(DINHOP)相比,DDdPA的引入可以更好地抑制TiO2/染料/电解质界面处的电子复合;在优化浓度配比下,DDdPA的引入有效提高了器件的电子寿命,使TiO2导带边负移约30 mV,最终使器件的开路电压提高了47 mV,光电转换效率提升约10%.  相似文献   

6.
染料敏化纳米薄膜太阳电池中的染料敏化剂   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
简要介绍了化学太阳电池的原理和染料敏化剂的发展历史,将现有染料敏化纳米薄膜太阳电池(简称DSCs)中的染料敏化剂分为有机和无机两大类,详细介绍了其中的羧酸多吡啶钌、膦酸多吡啶钌、多核联吡啶钌染料和有机染料的研究进展;介绍了其它染料敏化剂和多种染料协同敏化的研究现状;评述了染料敏化剂在染料敏化纳米薄膜太阳电池中应用的研究进展。  相似文献   

7.
在染料敏化太阳电池中,染料敏化剂分成无机染料与有机染料两大类。无机染料受稀有金属钌的制约而成本较高,开发有机染料是降低染料敏化太阳电池成本的有效手段,成为目前研究的热点。本文从有机染料敏化剂的分子设计入手,简述了染料敏化太阳电池中有机染料敏化剂的基本结构,将有机染料敏化剂分为吲哚啉类染料、香豆素类染料、三苯胺类染料、菁...  相似文献   

8.
染料敏化太阳电池(DSC)作为一种新型薄膜太阳电池,因具有价格低廉、高效等特点,受到各界的广泛关注。电解质作为DSC的主要组成部分,对电池效率和稳定性等性能有着重要的影响。本文简述了DSC工作原理及DSC用液态、固态及准固态电解质,从有机溶剂液态电解质和离子液体电解质两个方面,详细评述了有机小分子胶凝剂在准固态染料敏化太阳电池中的研究进展,并对其在准固态染料敏化太阳电池中的应用前景进行了展望。  相似文献   

9.
电子传输与复合是染料敏化太阳电池中仍然存在争议的基本物理过程,解决这些争议对于进一步提高染料敏化太阳电池的光伏性能及稳定性是至关重要的。多缺陷理论模型用扩散系数及电子寿命这两个基本物理量准确地描述了染料敏化太阳电池中的电子传输及复合。为了对扩散系数及电子寿命等物理参数进行实验测量,近年来,人们发展出了频域、时域以及稳态等多种实验方法和技术手段,本文对这些方法进行了综述,并分别从纳晶半导体光阳极、电解质以及敏化染料等方面评述了近年来电子传输及复合的相关研究进展。  相似文献   

10.
为了拓宽染料敏化太阳电池对太阳光谱的响应范围,提高电池的光电转换效率,将两种含有不同受体结构(绕丹宁-3-乙酸基(RA)和氰基丙烯酸基(CA))的三苯胺染料(TR1和TC1)进行共敏化。TR1染料平伏吸附在TiO_2表面,而TC1染料直立吸附在TiO_2表面。将两种染料按照不同摩尔比共敏化TiO_2后,TC1占据TR1的部分位置,拓展光谱的同时也抑制了电荷复合,电子寿命较TR1敏化的太阳电池长。在TR1与TC1摩尔比为5∶5的共敏剂溶液敏化的共敏电池器件中,短路光电流密度(J_(sc))为11.7 mA/cm~2,开路电压(V_(oc))为704 mV,填充因子(FF)为0.73,光电转换效率(η)为6.03%。该结果明显优于单一染料敏化的电池器件。  相似文献   

11.
A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.  相似文献   

12.
The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp3)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp2)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp2)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp3)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp3)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp2)?H insertion.  相似文献   

13.
N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).  相似文献   

14.
An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y1 and Y2. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.  相似文献   

15.
In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.  相似文献   

16.
An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.  相似文献   

17.
Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.  相似文献   

18.
用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.  相似文献   

19.
An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6ag and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7ah by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4ac with aryl aldehydes 5ak under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4ab was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.  相似文献   

20.
The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H4C4B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.  相似文献   

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