三氟甲硫基化反应的研究进展

由于三氟甲硫基具有强吸电子性和高亲脂性,含三氟甲硫基的化合物在医药和农药等领域具有重要的应用价值,因此发展向有机分子引入三氟甲硫基的方法已成为当前有机氟化学领域的热点研究课题之一。本文根据三氟甲硫基化试剂的性质总结了近5年在直接三氟甲硫基化反应研究领域取得的研究成果,包括新的三氟甲硫基化试剂以及新的合成方法在直接三氟甲硫基化反应中的应用。     

三氟甲基芳基硫醚的合成

三氟甲基芳基硫醚由于具有高疏水性和亲脂性,在医药、农用化学品及材料科学中有着重要的应用。合成含三氟甲硫基的芳香化合物已成为有机氟化学领域的研究热点之一。本文从间接法和直接法两方面综述了向分子中引入三氟甲硫基的相关研究,包括新的三氟甲硫基化试剂以及新的合成方法在制备三氟甲基芳基硫醚中的应用,最后讨论了这些方法存在的问题,并为探索新型的、更加经济的三氟甲硫基化反应提供参考。     

铜促进的三氟甲基化反应研究进展

药物分子中含有三氟甲基可以有效改善其亲脂性、可吸收性以及代谢稳定性.因此,在有机分子中引入三氟甲基引起了人们的广泛关注.近年来,过渡金属催化的三氟甲基化反应得到了快速发展.其中,铜作为一种廉价且活性较高的催化剂能够实现多种三氟甲基化反应.从发生三氟甲基化反应的底物出发,综述了近年来卤代烃、硼试剂、C—H化合物、胺类、羧酸类化合物等的三氟甲基化反应研究进展.     

CF3Br参与的三氟甲基化反应研究进展

三氟甲基化反应是向有机物中引入氟原子的重要方法.综述了近年来以CF₃Br为三氟甲基源的三氟甲基化反应研究进展,重点介绍了各类反应涉及到的具体方法、每种方法的特点、适用范围及可能的机理,并对CF₃Br作为三氟甲基源的三氟甲基化反应前景作出展望.     

三氟乙烯基芳基醚的合成

三氟乙烯基芳基醚;四氟二溴乙烷;酚;三氟乙烯基芳基醚的合成     

对三氟甲硫基苯酚的合成研究

在偶极性质子溶剂N ,N 二甲基甲酰胺中 ,以对羟基苯硫酚为底物 ,硫代硫酸钠为自由基引发剂促进CF3 Br产生·CF3 ,·CF3 与底物反应生成对三氟甲硫基苯酚。实现了以CF3 Br为试剂进行三氟甲硫基化的合成路线。反应混合物经简单蒸馏后 ,得到的产物三氟甲硫基苯酚含量达 98% ,收率 81 .5 %。     

5-三氟甲基胡椒醛的合成研究

以香草醛为起始原料,经碘代、脱甲基、亚甲基醚化、三氟甲基化反应以较高收率合成了5-三氟甲基胡椒醛,产物结构经过了1H NMR,13C NMR,19F NMR和HRMS的确证.重点研究了三氟甲基化反应,考察了不同三氟甲基化试剂、溶剂、催化剂用量、反应温度以及反应时间对三氟甲基化反应收率的影响,确定了最佳反应条件.随后,该方法成功运用于3,4位不同取代的5-碘苯甲醛的三氟甲基化反应,制得了三种5-三氟甲基胡椒醛的衍生物.     

从三氟甲基化反应的近年进展看有机氟化学的发展趋势

由于含三氟甲基的化合物在医药、农药等领域得到广泛应用,发展向有机分子引入三氟甲基的方法成为当前的热点研究课题.分别总结了国外和我国学者近年(主要是2009～2011年)在三氟甲基化反应研究领域取得的研究成果.从近年三氟甲基化反应的研究进展,作者提出一些值得关注的有机氟化学发展方向.     

Brønsted酸参与的(SP3)碳－氟键活化：含三氟甲基的芳香化合物分子间或分子内的芳基化反应

三氟甲磺酸被发现能够高效地活化(SP3)碳－氟键。因此,在其催化作用下,室温时含三氟甲基的芳香化合物与苯反应得到二苯甲酮类化合物。在同样的Brønsted 酸催化下,其中一些含三氟甲基的芳香化合物亦可发生分子内的芳基化反应,而此时分子间的芳基化受抑制。强的氢氟间的相互作用或氢键作用,被认为对该Brønsted 酸参与碳氟键活化的反应起了重要作用。     

直接三氟甲硫基化反应研究进展

三氟甲硫基由于具有较强的吸电子性和极高的亲脂性,使得含三氟甲硫基的化合物在医药、农药以及材料等领域发挥着重要的作用.从有机氟化学的发展历程来看,三氟甲硫基化反应是继三氟甲基化反应后的又一重要研究课题,受到化学家的广泛关注.重点论述了近5年来国内外学者在直接三氟甲硫基化反应的研究成果,并讨论了三氟甲硫基化反应所面临的一些挑战.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.