反式-2,5-二芳基四氢呋喃合成的新方法

以(±)4,10-二氧杂三环[5,2,1,0_2,6]-癸-8-烯-3-醇为原料,经过芳基化、氧化、芳基化、环化、热分解和加氢反应,得到PAF新的拮抗物反式-2,5-二芳基四氢呋喃,并合成了化合物8.     

可见光下g-C3N4催化诱导C(sp2)-H芳基化喹喔啉-2(1H)-酮

建立了一种有效且简单的可见光诱导的g-C₃N₄催化的喹喔啉-2(1H)-酮的芳基化反应。该反应以乙腈为溶剂,K₂S₂O₈为氧化剂,具有反应条件温和、环境友好和官能团耐受性好等优点。该策略提供了一种简单的操作方法,可以获得各种中等到良好产率的3-苯基喹喔啉-2(1H)-酮化合物,最高产率达77%。     

电化学条件下富电子芳烃的C—H官能团化实现烯烃的1,2-二芳基化

传统的烯烃二芳基化主要手段是,先通过过渡金属催化的芳基亲电试剂与烯烃发生交叉偶联,然后再与芳基亲核试剂发生反应[1].但是这种反应策略存在原子经济性低及反应步骤多的缺点.因此急需发展一种高效、高原子经济性的合成方法来实现烯烃的二芳基化.2015年,Bunel/Lei课题组[2]报道了FeCl3/2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰基对苯醌(DDQ)催化条件下苯乙烯的1,2-二芳基化;2017年,Bao课题组[3]报道了Fe(OTf)3/DDQ催化条件下苯乙烯的1,2-二芳基化。     

镍催化α,β-不饱和醛的选择性α,β-双芳基化反应

三组分双官能化反应是一种高效、简便构建C―C键、C―X键的方式. 双键广泛存在于众多有机化合物中, 对双键的双官能化反应研究有巨大的应用潜力. 本工作以Ni(COD)₂为催化剂, 以芳基溴化镁、芳基溴化物为芳基化试剂, 实现了3-芳基-2-丙烯醛亚胺中碳碳双键的双芳基化反应. 该反应建立了一个新的镍催化α,β-不饱和醛的α,β-双芳基化方法, 可以高度区域选择性地向底物分子中引入两个不同取代的芳环, 得到多种2,3,3-三芳基丙醛骨架的产物. 利用这一反应作为核心步骤实现了天然产物Quebecol的简便合成. 机理研究表明, 该反应可能经历了亲核加成、金属交换、还原消除的历程.     

大位阻、富电子MOP型烷基膦配体在钯催化的1,3-二羰基化合物 α-芳基化反应中的应用

富电子、大位阻MOP型烷基膦配体2-二叔丁基膦-2’-异丙氧基-1,1’-联萘(L1)在钯催化的1,3-二羰基化合物的α-芳基化反应中显示了较好的催化活性. 在这类催化反应中, 碱的选择具有重要的影响: 以K3PO4为碱, Pd(OAc)2/L1催化体系在丙二酸二乙酯的α-芳基化中, 富电子溴代芳烃显示较好的活性; Pd(OAc)2/L1催化的乙酰乙酸乙酯α-芳基化时, 以 K2CO3为碱, 催化体系显示较好的活性, 这个催化体系可控制反应得到α-芳基乙酰乙酸乙酯, 而不是脱乙酰基的产物. 较为惰性的氯代芳烃在Pd(OAc)2/L1的催化下, 也能够跟1,3-二羰基化合物发生α-芳基化反应.     

Na2CO3催化的叠氮三甲基硅烷对δ-三氟甲基-δ-芳基取代对亚甲基苯醌的1,6-共轭加成: 高效构建含三氟甲基和叠氮取代的二芳基甲烷化合物

报道了一种高效的δ-三氟甲基-δ-芳基-取代对亚甲基苯醌的叠氮化芳基化反应. 以Na₂CO₃为催化剂, 叠氮三甲基硅烷与δ-三氟甲基-δ-芳基取代对亚甲基苯醌发生1,6-共轭加成反应, 以优异的分离产率(90%~96%)获得了结构多样的含有三氟甲基和叠氮取代的二芳基甲烷化合物.该反应具有良好的底物适用范围和官能团兼容性.     

钯催化氟代偕二醇的芳基化反应

以醋酸钯、1,1’-联萘-2,2’-双二苯膦(BINAP)为催化剂,二甲苯为溶剂,氟代偕二醇砌块在碳酸钾的作用下,脱三氟乙酸后与溴代芳烃发生芳基化反应,于130℃反应7 h,合成了一系列α-氟代芳基酮类化合物,收率最高可达96%,其结构经¹H NMR,¹³C NMR,¹⁹F NMR和HR-MS(ESI)表征。     

烯烃叠氮化和芳基化合成吲哚啉酮衍生物

以廉价、易得的N-烷基-N-芳基甲基丙烯酰胺衍生物为起始原料,叠氮化钠为叠氮源,碘苯二乙酸为氧化剂,1,2-二氯乙烷为溶剂,合成了吲哚啉酮衍生物。该反应经历了无过渡金属催化烯烃的芳基化和叠氮化。目标化合物结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和MS(ESI)表征。     

合成3,3-二芳基氧化吲哚的新方法

报道了一种合成3,3-二芳基氧化吲哚的新方法。以取代靛红为起始原料,THF为溶剂,在室温下用新制芳基格氏试剂与靛红的3-位羰基发生双芳基化反应,合成了12个未见文献报道的3,3-二芳基氧化吲哚(3a~3l),产率56%~78%,其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和HR-MS（ESI-TOF）表征。并分析了3a(CCDC: 1960434)和3b(CCDC: 1960436)的单晶结构。结果表明：3a属triclinic晶系,P-1空间群,晶胞参数a=8.736(2) , b=8.887(2) , c=13.862(3) , α=77.505(18)°, β=72.01(2)°, γ=64.68(2)°; 3b属monoclinic晶系,P2₁/c空间群,晶胞参数a=8.8877(10) , b=24.734(2) , c=8.5441(8) , α=90°, β=113.994(12)°, γ=90°。     

芳基乙烯基硅烷与芳基卤代物的Hiyama偶联反应（英文）

Hiyama偶联反应已经发展成为一种构筑C—C键的常用方法,尤其是在芳基-芳基和芳基-烯基偶联反应领域.Hiyama偶联反应通常需要使用R—SiF₃、R—Si(OMe)₃等活性高但稳定性差的有机硅试剂,发展基于稳定硅烷的Hiyama偶联反应是该领域重要的研究方向.报道了一类钯催化芳基乙烯基硅烷和芳基卤代物的交叉偶联反应,利用芳基乙烯基硅烷实现芳基化反应.反应具有较好的官能团兼容性,为制备二芳基类化合物提供了一种简便高效的途径.     

Regioselective hydrophenylation of olefins catalyzed by an Ir(III) complex

The novel, anti-Markovnikov, arylation of olefins with benzene to produce straight-chain alkylbenzenes with higher selectivity than branched alkylbenzenes is catalyzed by [Ir(μ-acac-O,O′,C³)(acac-O,O′)(acac-C³)]₂ (acac=acetylacetonato), 1 [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 122 (2000) 7414]. The reaction of benzene with propylene gave n-propylbenzene and cumene in 61 and 39% selectivities, respectively. The reaction of benzene and styrene afforded 1,2-diphenylethane in 98% selectivity. Considering the anti-Markovnikov regioselectivity and lack of inhibition by water, we propose that the reaction does not proceed via a Friedel–Crafts, carbocation, mechanism. Complex 1, amongst the various transition metal complexes examined, is the most efficient for catalyzing the anti-Markovnikov olefin arylation. The crystal structure of complex 1 was solved and is consistent with a binuclear Ir(III) structure with three different types of coordinated acac ligands as reported by earlier solution IR and NMR analyses. [Ir(μ-acac-O,O′,C³)(acac-O,O′)Cl]₂, 2, was prepared by the reaction of complex 1 with benzoyl chloride, and the crystal structure was also reported.     

ArylationofN－VinylsuccinimideandPreparationof2－Arylethylamines

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A novel palladium(0) catalysed tandem 1,3-allyl shift and Heck arylation

On treatment with Pd(PPh₃)₄ allyl vinyl ether (1) undergoes a Pd(0) catalysed 1,3 oxygen to carbon allyl shift to afford -allyl ketone (2). In the presence of both Pd(PPh₃)₄ and base the allyl vinyl ether undergoes a Pd(0) catalysed tandem 1,3 allyl shift and intramolecular Heck arylation to give the spiro indane (3). Mechanistic investigations suggest that the 1,3-allyl shift proceeds via a π-allyl palladium intermediate.     

Phosphine-phosphonium ylides as ligands in palladium-catalysed C2-H arylation of benzoxazoles

As balanced electron-rich P,C-chelating ligands, phosphine-phosphonium-ylides are considered for their ability to in situ promote palladium-catalysed direct C(sp²)-H arylation. Using methyl phosphonium salts of 2,2'-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1'-binaphtyl ("methyl-BINAPIUM") as ylide precursors under optimized reaction conditions, arylation of benzoxazole was found to proceed in moderate to high yield to give functional 2-aryl benzoxazoles. A strong anion effect of the non-salt free ylide was evidenced (TfO^- > I^- > PF₆^- ≈ salt-free). This first example of phosphonium ylides as ligands in catalytic C-H activation extends the prospect of their general implementation in homogeneous transition metal catalysis.     

Nano palladium catalyzed C(sp3)-H bonds arylation by a transient directing strategy

Reported herein is the first example of heterogeneous palladium catalyzed C(sp³)-H bonds arylation by a transient-ligand-directed strategy.Using supported palladium(metallic state) na nopariticles as catalyst,a wide range of aryl iodides undergo the coupling with various o-methylbenzaldehyde derivatives to assemble a library of highly selective and functionalized o-benzylbenzaldehydes.The stability of the catalyst was easily recovered four runs without significant loss of activity.The XPS analysis of the catalyst before and after reaction indicated that the reaction might be carried out by a catalytic cycle starting with Pd~0.     

Orthopalladated triarylphosphite complexes as highly efficient catalysts in the Heck reaction

An orthopalladated complex of commercially available tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphite proves to be an extremely active catalyst in the Heck arylation of alkenes, with turnover numbers of up to 5,750,000 (mol product.mol Pd⁻¹) and turnover frequencies of up to nearly 300,000 (mol product.mol Pd⁻¹.h⁻¹).     

Promotion Mechanism of H2O for Stereoselectivity in Pd(II)-catalyzed C-H Arylation of Diarylphosphinamides with Arylboronic Acids

On the basis of a series of control experiments and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses, it is discovered that Boc-protected amino acid ligand coordinated to Pd center is partly replaced by N,N-dimethylformamide, and H₂O can inhibit coordination of N,N-dimethylformamide to Pd center. The novel action mechanism perfectly explains H₂O promotion for stereoselectivity in Pd(II)-catalyzed C-H arylation of diarylphosphinamides with arylboronic acids.     

Mechanistic origin of ligand-controlled regioselectivity in Pd-catalyzed C-H activation/arylation of thiophenes

The use of ligands to control regioselectivity in transition-metal-catalyzed C-H activation/functionalization is a highly desirable but challenging task. Recently, Itami et al. reported an important finding relating to Pd-catalyzed ligand-controlled α/β-selective C-H arylation of thiophenes. Specifically, the use of the 2,2'-bipyridyl ligand resulted in α-arylation, whereas the use of the bulky fluorinated phosphine ligand P[OCH(CF(3))(2)](3) resulted in β-arylation. Understanding of this surprising ligand-controlled α/β-selectivity could provide important insights into the development of more efficient catalyst systems for selective C-H arylation, and so we carried out a detailed computational study on the problem with use of density functional theory methods. Three mechanistic possibilities--S(E)Ar and migration, metalation/deprotonation, and Heck-type arylation mechanisms--were examined. The results showed that the S(E)Ar and migration mechanism might not be plausible, because the key Wheland intermediates could not be obtained. On the other hand, our study indicated that the metalation/deprotonation and Heck-type arylation mechanisms were both involved in Itami's reactions. In the metalation/deprotonation pathway the α-selective product (C5-product) was preferred, whereas in the Heck-type arylation mechanism the β-selective product (C4-product) was favored. The ligands played crucial roles in tuning the relative barriers of the two different pathways. In the 2,2'-bipyridyl-assisted system, the metalation/deprotonation pathway was energetically advantageous, leading to α-selectivity. In the P[OCH(CF(3))(2)](3)-assisted system, on the other hand, the Heck-type arylation mechanism was kinetically favored, leading to β-selectivity. An interesting finding was that P[OCH(CF(3))(2)](3) could produce a C-H···O hydrogen bond in the catalyst system, which was crucial for stabilization of the Heck-type transition state. In comparison, this C-H···O hydrogen bond was absent with the other phosphine ligands [i.e., P(OMe)(3), PPh(3), PCy(3)] and these phosphine ligands therefore favored the metalation/deprotonation pathway leading to α-selectivity. Furthermore, in this study we have provided theoretical evidence showing that the Heck-type arylation reaction could proceed through an anti-β-hydride elimination process.     

Palladium-catalyzed rearrangement/arylation of 2-allyloxypyridine leading to the synthesis of N-substituted 2-pyridones

[reaction: see text] The Pd-catalyzed one-pot rearrangement/arylation of 2-allyloxypyridine is described. The catalyst/base combination of Pd[P(t-Bu)(3)](2)/Ag(2)CO(3) was found to be optimal for this one-pot rearrangement/arylation. The initial rearrangement of 2-allyloxypyridine was found to be catalyzed by both Pd(0) and Pd(II) complexes with different mechanisms.