导电高聚物聚2，5－二甲基苯胺的化学合成与特性

报道了聚２，５－二甲基苯胺（ＰＤＭｅＡｎ）的化学合成，并用标准四探针方法测定其电导率，以ＦＴＩＲ、ＵＶ－Ｖｉｓ吸收光谱、元素分析和ＣＶ法对其性质进行了研究，ＰＤＭｅＡｎ的结构与聚苯胺和聚２，５－二甲氧基苯胺的结构类似，是由其单元通过氮原子（Ｎ）在对位上键合而成，本征态的ＰＤＭｅＡｎ能溶于多种有机溶剂，如ＣＨ２Ｃｌ２、ＣＨＣｌ３、ＤＭＳＯ、ＤＭＦ等。     

聚苯胺溶液的凝胶化行为

通过流变学手段对聚苯胺溶液的凝胶化行为研究表明，在室温下，聚苯胺（ＰＡｎ）／Ｎ－甲基－２－吡咯烷酮（ＮＭＰ）溶液有一转折浓度Ｃｇ（０．０５ｇ／ｍＬ），浓度高于此值时，浴液凝胶化速度急剧增大，凝胶速度还与溶剂，ＰＡｎ分子量及溶液的温度有很大关系。溶液中不溶的ＰＡｎ的存在会加速凝胶化过程。ＰＡｎ／ＮＭＰ凝胶的假塑性和触变性明显地反映出ＰＡＶＮＭＰ溶液的凝胶化是溶剂参与的ＰＡｎ分子链间的物理交联过程。     

磷钼杂多酸-L-半胱氨酸自组装超分子膜电极对亚硝酸根电催化还原的研究

制备了磷钼杂多酸－Ｌ－半胱氨酸自组装超分子膜电极（Ｐ２Ｍｏ１８－Ｌ－Ｃｙｓ／Ａｕ）。采用水平衰减全反射（ＡＴＲ－ＦＴＩＲ）光谱表征了膜的组成。研究了该膜电极的电化学性质，发现它在１．０ ｍｏｌ／Ｌ　Ｈ２ＳＯ４溶液中，于０．０～０．７Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ）间ＣＶ扫描出现两对稳定、可逆的氧化还原峰，其中峰电位分别为Ｅｍ１＝０．３３４ Ｖ，Ｅｍ２＝０．１８８Ｖ，对应着Ｐ２Ｍｏ１８Ｏ_(６２)~(６－)的两步２电子－２质子反应；计时库仑法计算了薄膜内的电子传递系数Ｄ为５．０１ × １０~（－８）ｃｍ２·ｓ～（－１）。该膜电极对酸性溶液中的ＮＯ_２~－有明显的电催化还原作用，初步探讨了电催化机理。用差分脉冲伏安法（ＤＰＶ）测定其还原峰电流与ＮＯ_２~－的浓度在２．０ ×１０~（－６）～２．０ × １０~（－４）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内呈良好的线性关系，相关系数为０．９９５３，检测限５．０×１０~（－７）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。该电极用于模拟水样中ＮＯ_２~－的测定，结果满意。     

乳液共聚反应过程与聚合物结构关系及~（13）C－NMR对聚合物结构的表征

用间歇法和半连续法进行了丙烯酸丁酯（ＢｕＡ）与醋酸乙烯酯（ＶＡｃ）乳液共聚合．１３Ｃ－ＮＭＲ对共聚产物分子结构测试表明，在间歇法共聚合中随着反应进行其组成及结构发生很大变化，而半连续法确能制得成份及结构均匀一致的Ｐ（ＢｕＡ－ＶＡｃ）共聚物．由于ＢｕＡ水溶性小于ＶＡｃ，而其竟聚率远大于ＶＡｃ，间歇法共聚合反应初期只有少量ＶＡｃ参加共聚合．通过对间歇法共聚合中不同反应时间聚合物的１３Ｃ－ＮＭＲ测试，表明反应初期聚合的ＶＡｃ以单链节或二元序列形式存在于主要由ＢｕＡ单元构成的分子链中，而并未形成较长ＶＡｃ链段．对上述试样玻璃化转变温度的测试结果与１３Ｃ－ＮＭＲ实验结果颇为一致．     

苯胺在高氯酸溶液中恒电流法电化学聚合研究

本文在对苯胺在高氯酸溶液中电流聚合进行研究，内容包括在铂圆盘电极上影响苯胺电化学聚合的因素，如苯胺及高氯酸浓度，恒电流密度及聚合总电量（Ｑｒ）聚合电位等，实验结果表明，在合适的条件下制得的聚苯腚（ＰＡＮＩ）膜电极，其氧化还原电量（Ｑｔ）和Ｑｒ的比值接近了１００％的并对聚苯胺（ＰＡＮＩ）膜电极的电化学性质进行了探讨。     

乳液共聚反应过程与聚合物结构关系及13C－NMR对聚合物结构的表征

 用间歇法和半连续法进行了丙烯酸丁酯（ＢｕＡ）与醋酸乙烯酯（ＶＡｃ）乳液共聚合．^１３Ｃ－ＮＭＲ对共聚产物分子结构测试表明，在间歇法共聚合中随着反应进行其组成及结构发生很大变化，而半连续法确能制得成份及结构均匀一致的Ｐ（ＢｕＡ－ＶＡｃ）共聚物．由于ＢｕＡ水溶性小于ＶＡｃ，而其竟聚率远大于ＶＡｃ，间歇法共聚合反应初期只有少量ＶＡｃ参加共聚合．通过对间歇法共聚合中不同反应时间聚合物的^１３Ｃ－ＮＭＲ测试，表明反应初期聚合的ＶＡｃ以单链节或二元序列形式存在于主要由ＢｕＡ单元构成的分子链中，而并未形成较长ＶＡｃ链段．对上述试样玻璃化转变温度的测试结果与^１３Ｃ－ＮＭＲ实验结果颇为一致．     

铜（Ⅱ）－聚丙烯酰胺和铜（Ⅱ）－聚乙烯醇配位聚合物的配位数

配位聚合物ＰＡＡｍ－ＣｕＣｌ＿２和ｃｕＣｌ＿２·２Ｈ＿２Ｏ的Ｃｕ￣（２＋）２ｐＸＰＳ谱上都有Ｓｈａｋｅ－ｕｐ峰，其与各自的Ｃｕ￣（２＋）２ｐ３／２肩峰或主峰距离ΔＥｓ２或ΔＥｓ分别为８．７和８．６ｅＶ；但配位聚合物Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）－ＰＶＡ却无此峰．由此推定，前者的Ｃｕ￣（２＋）是以ｓｐ￣３杂化轨道接受ＰＡＡｍ４个链节单元Ｃ－Ｎ上Ｎ的孤对电子部分转移形成配位键；而Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）－ＰＶＡ配位聚合物中的Ｃｕ￣（２＋）却以ｄｓｐ￣２杂化轨道接受ＰＶＡ４个链节单元侧基Ｏ的孤对电子部分转移，产生配位键，即Ｃｕ￣（２＋）与ＰＡＡｍ或ＰＶＡ的链节单元配位比均是１：４，此结果与电导率法测定ＰＡＡｍ－ＣｕＣｌ＿２的配位比相同．     

N，N－二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸聚氯乙烯酯引发甲基丙烯酸甲酯的光接枝交联聚合反应

用铜试剂（Ｎ，Ｎ－二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠）取代聚氯乙烯中的部分氯原子制备了Ｎ，Ｎ－二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸聚氯乙烯酯（ＰＶＣ－ＳＲ），研究了紫外光照下ＰＶＣ－ＳＲ引发甲基丙烯酸甲酯（ＭＭＡ）的聚合反应，考察了光照时间、单体浓度、ＰＶＣ－ＳＲ用量及官能度的影响．结果表明，ＰＶＣ－ＳＲ能有效地引发ＭＭＡ聚合，其产物是交联型接枝聚合物，且具有高接枝率和接枝效率。     

中空纤维催化膜反应器中环戊二烯的选择加氢反应

将聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（ＰＶＰ）负载钯催化剂（ＰＶＰ－Ｐｄ）镶嵌到三种醋酸纤维（ＣＡ）中空膜（ＣＡ－Ｉ，ＣＡ－Ⅱ，ＣＡ－Ⅲ）内制各中空纤维催化膜，并进一步制成催化膜反应器，在４０℃和０．１ＭＰａ的反应条件下，在催化膜反应器中进行了环戊二烯的选择加氢反应，考察了具有不同氢气渗透率的醋酸纤维丝组成的三种膜反应器对反应的转化率及选择性的影响，并在此基础上考察了各种反应参数对反应的影响，ＣＡ中空纤维催化膜对环戊     

Mo（Ⅵ）－PAN与Mo（Ⅵ）－PAR体系的极谱性质对比研究

本文比较了Ｍｏ（Ⅵ）－１－（２－吡啶基偶氮）－２－萘酚（ＰＡＮ）与Ｍｏ（Ⅵ）－４（２－吡啶基偶氮）间苯二酚（ＰＡＲ）的极谱性质，讨论它们在作为吸附波试剂时的优缺点，以求得在选择络合剂时的感性和理性认识．本文还报道了Ｍｏ（Ⅵ）－ＰＡＮ－ＫＢｒＯ３吸附催化波体系，最佳实验条件，０．１ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＡｃ－－ＮａＡｃ，ｐＨ＝４．６，０．０１ｍｏｌ／ＬＫＢｒＯ３，２．５×１０－５ｍｏｌ／ＬＰＡＮ．峰电位为－０．７１Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ），检出限１×１０－９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，线性范围０～６×１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ     

An Electrochemical Study on the Corrosion Inhibition of Stainless Steel by Polyaniline Film

Polyaniline(PANI)film was electrosynthesized on 304 stainless steel by cyclic voltammetry using aqueous oxalic acid as supporting electrolyte.The potential sweep rates were changed to achieve the PANI film with different thickness and structures.Protective properties of the PANI film for corrosion of stainless steel in 3% NaC1 aqueous solution were investigated by monitoring potentiodynamic polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS).The results showed that the PANI film which was formed with lower sweep rate led to more positive shift of corrosion potential and greater charge transfer resistance,reflecting higher inhibition for corrosion of the stainless steel.     

PANI膜电聚合过程及电控分离苯酚的EQCM研究

通过电沉积方法在镀铂石英晶片上制备了导电聚苯胺(PANI)膜,采用电化学石英晶体微天平(EQCM)技术探讨了苯胺聚合机制及在苯酚溶液中的氧化还原特性.在0.5 mol/L硫酸溶液中结合循环伏安法考察了PANI膜在完全还原态(L)-半氧化态(E)-完全氧化态(P)之间的电活性和稳定性;在不同浓度的苯酚溶液中结合恒电压阶跃...     

One‐Step Electrodeposition to Layer‐by‐Layer Graphene–Conducting‐Polymer Hybrid Films

One‐step fabrication of graphene–polyaniline (graphene–PANI) hybrid film was facilely achieved by cyclic voltammetric electrolysis of a bath containing both graphene oxide (GO) and aniline, where graphene is obtained by electrochemical reduction of GO and PANI is simultaneously obtained by aniline electropolymerization. As there is no strong attraction between aniline and GO under the electrodeposition conditions, the independent depositions of PANI and reduced GO nanosheets at their greatly differed potentials led to alternate layered graphene–PANI films, with the topmost layer being PANI particles or graphene sheets just by changing the initial scan directions. The two kinds of graphene–PANI hybrid films present excellent but different electrical and electrochemical behaviors.     

Nickel foam-supported porous NiO/polyaniline film as anode for lithium ion batteries

Nickel foam-supported porous NiO film was prepared by a chemical bath deposition technique, and the NiO/polyaniline (PANI) film was obtained by depositing the PANI layer on the surface of the NiO film. The NiO film was constructed by NiO nanoflakes, and after the deposition of PANI, these nanoflakes were coated by PANI. As an anode for lithium ion batteries, the NiO/PANI film exhibits weaker polarization as compared to the NiO film. The specific capacity after 50 cycles for NiO/PANI film is 520 mAh g⁻¹ at 1 C, higher than that of NiO film (440 mAh g⁻¹). The improvement of these properties is attributed to the enhanced electrical conduction and film stability of the electrode with PANI.     

Pt微粒修饰纳米纤维聚苯胺电极对甲醇氧化电催化

以脉冲电流法制备的纳米纤维状聚苯胺(PANI)为Pt催化剂载体，用它制备了甲醇阳极氧化的催化电极Pt/（nano-fibular PANI）.研究结果表明, Pt/（nano-fibular PANI）电极对甲醇氧化具有很好的电催化活性,并有协同催化作用.在相同的Pt载量条件下， Pt/（nano-fibular PANI）电极比Pt微粒修饰的颗粒状聚苯胺电极Pt/(granular PANI)具有更好的电催化活性.此外， Pt的电沉积修饰方法同样影响Pt/（nano-fibular PANI）电极对甲醇氧化的催化活性.脉冲电流法沉积Pt形成的复合电极较循环伏安法电沉积得到的Pt复合电极具有更优异的催化活性.     

Enhanced Thermoelectric Properties of Polyaniline Nanofilms Induced by Self‐Assembled Supramolecules

Polyaniline (PANI) is one of the most promising candidates for flexible organic thermoelectric (TE) applications owing to its relatively low cost and high stability. Herein, the self‐assembled supramolecule (SAS) (3,6‐dioctyldecyloxy‐1,4‐benzenedicarboxylic acid) was used as an additive and was introduced into PANI films as a template. Raman spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and conductive atomic force microscopy analyses demonstrated that the highly ordered chain structure of PANI was achieved by chemical interactions between PANI and the SAS. Moreover, the ordered regions in the PANI‐SAS film increased with a decrease in the film thickness. Consequently, the TE properties of PANI‐SAS films were not only much higher than those of PANI films, but they also increased with a decrease in film thickness. The maximum TE power factor of the PANI‐SAS film reached 31 μW m^?1 K^?2, which is approximately six times higher than the power factor of a PANI film with a similar thickness. This work offers a promising way to prepare PANI thin films with enhanced TE properties.     

还原氧化石墨烯表面聚苯胺纳米阵列的制备及电化学电容性能

本文以阳极氧化铝(AAO)膜为模板,通过恒电位法在自组装还原氧化石墨烯(rGO)膜表面制备有序聚苯胺(PANI)纳米线阵列。通过拉曼光谱和场发射扫描电子显微镜分别对其结构和微观形貌进行了表征,并对PANI纳米线阵列的电化学电容性能进行了测试。结果表明,rGO膜表面可电沉积PANI,电沉积得到的PANI纳米线阵列具有比PANI薄膜材料更高的电容和比电容。     

聚苯胺电致变色薄膜在不同颜色区间的电化学循环稳定性研究

本文采用电位阶跃和循环伏安法结合紫外可见光光度法研究了聚苯胺薄膜的电致变色性质. 聚苯胺薄膜颜色多变,颜色在浅黄色到绿色再到蓝色之间变化,本文研究在不同的颜色变化区间内聚苯胺薄膜的电化学循环稳定性. 研究结果表明,薄膜在黄色到蓝色(0.4 V ~ 1.2 V)以及绿色到蓝色(0.8 V ~ 1.2 V)区间变化时,电致变色循环性能较差,而在黄色和绿色(0.4 V ~ 0.8 V)之间变化时循环稳定性能良好,着色时间为4.5 s,着色效率高达159.48 cm²·C^-1.     

铂粒子修饰单壁碳纳米管/聚苯胺复合膜对甲醛的电催化氧化

在溶有单壁碳纳米管(SWNTs)的苯胺溶液中, 通过电化学共聚合法成功制备了单壁碳纳米管(SWNT)/聚苯胺(PANI)复合膜. 用电沉积法将铂沉积到SWNT/PANI复合膜上. 样品的成分和形貌分别用XRD和SEM表征. 四探针和电化学交流阻抗的研究表明被PANI包裹的SWNTs整齐地排列在复合膜中, 从而提高了复合膜的电导率, 促进了电荷转移. 循环伏安(CV)说明Pt修饰的SWNT/PANI复合膜对于甲醛氧化具有良好的电催化活性及稳定性. 研究结果表明SWNT/PANI复合膜是一种非常好的催化剂载体, 有着广泛的应用前景.     

A study on the influence of anionic surfactants on electrochemical degradation of polyaniline

The influence of anionic surfactants on the electrochemical degradation of polyaniline (PANI), deposited by electro-polymerization onto platinum electrodes, was investigated in an aqueous medium by means of cyclic voltammetry. The degradation rate was found to be greatly dependent on the pH of the solution. The electrochemical degradation of PANI/dodecylsulfate and PANI/dodecylbenzenesulfonate films was compared with that of a PANI/hydrochloride film. The degradation rate in the two former cases decreased by some 50% compared to the PANI/hydrochloride film in aqueous solution at pH = 2. The results were confirmed with theoretical calculations performed on the evaluation of head group charge of surfactants, the distance of anions from PANI positive sites and the shielding of anions on PANI positive sites.