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稀土是钢铁工业中重要检测项目。由于稀土各元素的化学性质非常相似,所以稀土分量的分析是分析化学工作者面临的比较困难的课题。随着仪器分析技术的出现。如ICP-AES、ICP-MS、NAA、XRF、IC等,使稀土分量的分析变得简便、灵敏。近十年来,国外已比较广泛地利用上述仪器分析手段测定各类材料中稀土,我国有些行业也开展了这方面的研究工作,但为数不多。而能够分析稀土总量或轻稀土的光度分析却显得十分活跃。本文评述内容为近十年来我国钢铁工业中稀土元素的分析情况。 1 光度分析法 我国分析工作者对光度法分析稀土做了大量的研究工作,又合成了一些新的稀土显色剂,但大多数属稀土总量或铈组稀土显色剂,缺少重稀土显色剂。近十年来的研究和应用主要是偶氮类和单偶氮类显色剂。 1.1 偶氮氯膦法(见表1) 潘教麦等人的研究发现,某些有对位基团的偶 相似文献
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通过选择合适的加权系数并按一方式进行线性组合,研究了多波长线性组合光度法,得到加权组合吸光度只与被测物质浓度成正比。本法用于混合稀土溶液中轻稀土的测定,克服了试剂空白误差及轻重稀土的“共显色”效应,改善了线性关系及吸光度的加合性,提高了测定结果的准确性。 相似文献
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刘德龙 《理化检验(化学分册)》2002,38(5):231-233
以三氯偶氮胂为显色剂,根据钇(Y^3 )与其它稀土组分的显色络合物吸收光谱差别较大的特点,提出应用迭代目标转换因子分析光度法同时测定钇和其它烯土合量的计算光度分析法,通过对不同组成的人工模拟样品和龙南稀土氧化物标准样中的钇和其它稀土合量的测定,取得了满意的结果。 相似文献
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钼的光度分析近况 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
王明 《理化检验(化学分册)》2000,36(8):379-381,384
评述了国内钼的光度分析近况。内容包括新高灵敏试剂法、普通光度法、动力学光度光、荧光及化学发光光度法、计算光度法及其它。共引用文献60篇。 相似文献
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综述了国内近年来光度分析法在药物分析中的研究与应用情况.就分光光度法、荧光光度法、化学发光法3种重要的分析方法,从反应条件、线性范围、灵敏度等方面介绍了光度分析法对不同反应体系的研究现状,展望了光度分析法在药物分析中的发展方向. 相似文献
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吴诚 《理化检验(化学分册)》2006,42(10):876
2.7稀土元素的吸光光度测定除了一些中间合金之外,金属材料中的稀土元素含量一般较低;例如球墨铸铁中的稀土的质量分数在0.01%~0.10%之间,有一种镍铬合金中钇的含量仅为5×10-3%左右。在分析这一含量范围的稀土时,采用吸光光度法较为合适。测定稀土元素的吸光光度法有两类:一类是基于测量稀土元素无机盐溶液在一定波长下对光的吸收并据此对某一稀土元素量进行定量测定;另一类则是测量某稀土离子与有机显色剂所生成的配合物对一定波长的光的吸收而对该稀土元素进行定量测定。除镧、镥、钇之外,其他稀土元素的无机盐,包括高氯酸盐、硝酸盐及氯… 相似文献
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利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。 相似文献
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Mustafa R. Ibrahim Zacharia A. Fataftah Paul von Ragu Schleyer Peter D. Stout 《Journal of computational chemistry》1987,8(8):1131-1138
Sets of hydrogen molecule equivalents have been developed which permit the calculation of hydrogenation of different types of carbon-carbon bonds from ab initio total energies (3-21G and 6-31G* basis sets, and, to a more limited extent, for MP2/6-31G* data) of reactants and products. The calculated enthalpies of hydrogenation are in good agreement with experiment for unstrained molecules, with average errors on the order of 2 kcal/mol. The 6-31G* equivalents allow the enthalpies for strained molecules to be calculated accurately, but the 3-21G equivalents do not. The equivalents for both basis sets have been tested by calculating the enthalpies of hydrogenation of carbon-carbon bonds in nitrogen- and oxygen-containing organic molecules, free radicals, and classical carbocations. The results are in good agreement with experiment in most cases. 相似文献
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由于石化行业的生产需要,其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性,经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识,根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集,实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展,并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。 相似文献
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V. I. Bol'shakova L. I. Demenkova É. N. Shmidt V. A. Pentegova 《Chemistry of Natural Compounds》1989,24(6):691-694
The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988. 相似文献
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V. I. Bol'shakova L. I. Demenkova É. N. Shmidt V. A. Pentegova 《Chemistry of Natural Compounds》1988,24(6):691-694
The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae. 相似文献
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Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin
E. I. Kapinus V. A. Ganzha B. M. Dzhagarov E. I. Sagun V. B. Pavlenko 《Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry》1989,25(2):146-151
The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989. 相似文献