不同部位人体气味的分析研究

运用SPME-GC/MS法对同一个体腋窝部、手部和足部的人体气味样品进行了采样分析,通过比较3个部位人体气味样品色谱图中共有成分相对峰面积比和非共有成分,结合使用相似度法对3个部位的人体气味进行了比较分析,三者具有较高的相似度,但仍存在一些细微的差别。     

气-质联用鉴别人体气味

使用顶空固相微萃取结合气相色谱质谱联用法对5位个体的腋窝部人体气味进行了采样分析,通过比较气味样品中共有成分的相对含量的差异和样品中的非共有成分的不同,结合使用相似度软件,对来自于5位个体的腋窝部人体气味样品进行了鉴别,样品得到了有效地区分。     

人体气味稳定性的研究

对2位男性个体的手部人体气味分别于同一天、半年后、一年后和15个月后采样,运用SPME-GC/MS法进行分析,通过比较所得样品色谱图和样品中共有成分相对峰面积比的异同并使用相似度分析法对人体手部气味的稳定性进行了研究.结果表明,同一个体的人体手部气味具有稳定性,不同个体的人体手部气味差异明显.     

应用主成分分析SPME/GC-MS法鉴别人体气味的研究

运用SPME/GC-MS法鉴别来自8位个体的16个腋窝部人体气味样品,得出各样品均含有7种共有成分.以7种共有成分为分析变量,运用主成分分析法对16个样品进行鉴别区分,壬酸、环十二醇和5,9-十一烷酸内酯的含量是决定第1主成分的关键因素,庚醛和己醛的含量是决定第2主成分的关键因素.十八烷和1-茨醇的含量是决定第3主成分的关键因素.     

气相色谱-质谱法在人体气味分析中的应用进展

气相色谱-质谱法（GC-MS）是目前分析人体气味的主要技术手段，其不但可以分析人体气味的组成成分，还可以比较不同个体气味之间的差异。该文首先介绍了人体气味的提取和样品前处理的手段，随后对GC-MS在人体气味的采集及储存、成分分析及差异性研究、用于个体识别和健康表征等方面进行了综述，最后对GC-MS在人体气味分析中的发展趋势进行了展望。     

顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法及模式识别法鉴别群体手部气味

以玻璃珠为采样介质,采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法分别对不同人体手部气味中主要挥发性成分醇、酚、醛、酮、酸、酯6类物质进行测定。同时采用Kolmorogv-Smirnoff秩检验和Spearman秩相关系数法从定性(共有峰的比率)和定量(共有峰的相对峰面积)的角度,综合地对不同人体气味的色谱图进行统计分析,结果显示,除了酸类和酚类物质不能用作区别不同人体气味的指标性成分外,其他4类物质均可作为鉴别不同人体气味的指标性成分。     

人体腋窝气味的固相微萃取GC-MS分析

采用固相微萃取顶空进样技术和气相色谱-质谱法对人体的腋窝气味进行了分析，探讨了腋窝气味样品的采样方法和分析条件；利用70μm乙烯二醇-二乙烯基苯共聚物(CW-DVB)萃取头对43个人体腋窝气味样品进行了分析，一般获得98～105个色谱峰，检出了36个化合物；发现人体腋窝气味是由脂肪酸、酯、醇、胺、酮等物质组成，多次分析同一个体气味样品的色谱图有较好的相似性；从总的取样及分析结果看，利用固相微萃取顶空进样气相色谱-质谱技术在人体气味的分析研究中有着较好的应用前景。     

SPME/GC-MS鉴别沉香真伪方法研究

采用固相微萃取/气相色谱-质谱联用(SPME/GC-MS)对沉香的成分进行研究,建立以特征成分鉴别沉香真伪的方法。通过SPME富集沉香的气味成分,GC-MS测定其化学组成,确定天然沉香的6种特征成分,并通过面积归一化确定特征成分在气味成分中的相对含量;通过沉香样品中气味成分的种类及其相对含量与天然沉香特征成分对比,判断沉香的真伪。SPME/GC-MS法具有样品用量小、操作简便快速、检测灵敏度高、特征性强、结果准确可靠的特点,适用于沉香气味成分的分析及真伪鉴别,且不破坏沉香收藏品的整体结构,已成功用于沉香药材及其工艺品等的真伪鉴别。     

SPME—GC—MS法分析人体腋窝部成分的前处理条件优化

人体气味最典型的应用就是已经沿用了利用狗的高灵敏嗅觉来追踪及辨识罪犯.但至今对人体气味中所包含的化学成分难以进行一一确认,通过其所含化学成分的不同来区分和认定不同个体更是没有取得技术上的突破.     

气相色谱-质谱指纹图谱在鉴别人体气味中的应用

利用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱/质谱法(SPME-GC/MS)分析了人体腋窝气味。以标准品十七烷进行定位,通过谱图分析和相对保留时间计算,确定了八强峰。根据八强峰和指纹图谱分区相似度对指纹图谱进行分析比较,建立了区别不同个体的新方法。该方法能较全面地反映人体气味的特征峰和整体信息,初步探讨了用仪器鉴别不同个体的可能性。     

猪油样品中有机锡化合物的气相色谱-火焰光度法及气相色谱-质谱联用分析

通过将污染猪油中的有机锡化合物进行丙基化衍生后,利用气相色谱－ 火焰光度法（GC－FPD）及毛细管气相色谱－质谱联用（GC－MS）对它们作了全面的定性分析。实验结果表明：猪油样品中均含有二甲基锡,多数样品中还含有三甲基锡和一甲基锡。     

Analysis of unknown compounds in gentamicin bulk samples with liquid chromatography coupled with ion trap mass spectrometry

Six unknown compounds present in bulk gentamicin samples have been identified by ion-pairing reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled with ion trap mass spectrometry. The structures of these unknown compounds were deduced by comparison of their fragmentation patterns with those of the available related substances and gentamicin reference substances. Seven other unknown components were partially identified.     

Comparison of the origin and phenolic contents of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. by high‐performance liquid chromatography fingerprinting combined with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry and chemometrics

The fruits of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. have long been used in folk medicine. Nevertheless, detailed information related to its phenolic composition and its quality control remains scarce. In this study, a simple and reproducible method, based on high‐performance liquid chromatography combined with chemometrics, was developed to authenticate 18 samples of L. ruthenicum Murr. collected from different parts of China through fingerprint analysis. The main peaks were identified by quadrupole time‐of‐flight electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Four phenolics were quantified, and the most abundant phenolic compound in almost all samples was kukoamine A. Hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis were applied to classify these samples. Also, a total of 26 compounds, which were mainly phenolic compounds and anthocyanins, were identified or tentatively identified based on the available literature and standard references. Among these, 16 were reported for the first time in the extract. The results showed that there was no significant difference between L. ruthenicum fruits from different provinces in terms of chemical composition. Also, the fingerprint together with chemometric analyses and quadrupole time‐of‐flight electrospray ionization mass spectrometry are promising methods for evaluating the quality consistency, identification, and comprehensive evaluation of L. ruthenicum .     

Examination of the diphenylpropanoids of nutmeg as their trimethylsilyl, triethylsilyl and tri-n-propylsilyl derivatives using combined gas chromatography and mass spectrometry.

Ethyl acetate extracts of thirteen samples of nutmeg and one sample of mace were examined as trimethylsilyl and tri-n-propylsilyl derivatives by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Eleven compounds derived from two types of diphenylpropanoid were identified; the relative proportions and quantities of these compounds varied considerably in the different samples. Single ion chromatograms were used to obtain the relative concentration of one series of compounds. Preparation of the triethylsilyl and tri-n-propylsilyl derivatives resulted in greatly increased separation of the diphenylpropanoids over trimethylsilyl derivatives, which tended to produce a group of compounds with many unresolved peaks.     

Analysis of Fluorescent Compounds in Urine by Liquid Chromatography

Abstract

High speed separation of fluorescent compounds was examined. The retention time of 21 compounds was measured in two reversed phase modes and an ion-exchange mode liquid chromatography. Furthermore, urine samples of new-born babies, cancer patients and normal subjects were analyzed by the above systems. Several peaks were positively identified from the retention time, however there were many unknown fluorescent compounds. Among them, two peaks were found on the chromatograms in the reversed phase modes. These compounds were very polar and could not be identified, however the ratio of these peak height was used for classification of urine samples. Furthermore, indole-3-acetic acid and 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid in urine were selectively analyzed on an ion-exchange resin with isocratic eluent after filtration.     

Application of activated carbon in the characterization of nitrogen compounds and phthalates in a landfill leachate

The goal of this work was the development of a methodology based on solid phase extraction (SPE) to characterize nitrogen compounds and phthalates from landfill leachate samples. Activated carbon (AC) was used to extract all the organic compounds from the samples. The samples were collected in Porto Alegre-South Brazil. As the AC used had small particle size, it was impossible to use it in the form of packed cartridges; hence, it had to be applied in a batch mode. The desorption of the organic compounds from the AC was made by sonication with dichloromethane. The extract was analyzed by gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (GC-MSD). Some aspects of the validation of the methodology were also established. Several nitrogen compounds and phthalates were identified in the samples, proving the efficiency of this method with regard to the selectiveness for these substances.     

茶叶香味扫描和挥发性化学成分分析

为区分不同茶叶的香味，利用电子扫描仪对铁观音、兰贵人、玉针、碧螺春和云雾茶等5种茶叶进行了香味扫描，确定了电子鼻在茶叶香味辨别中的作用。采用固相微萃取．气相色谱／质谱联用法对这5种茶叶样品中的挥发性化学成分进行了定性和定量分析，分别鉴定出40、40、35、16和13种化合物。在鉴定出的化学成分中，乙酸、大茴香醚、十六烷、咖啡因、十六酸和双酚A是5种茶叶样品中所共有的化学成分，每种茶叶样品中又都含有一些特有的化学成分。最后对香味扫描结果和挥发性化学成分分析结果进行了分析，研究了挥发性化学成分组成和含量上的差别，对茶叶样品数据点在香味分析三维图中位置的影响。     

Identification and determination of phenols and chloro-phenols in very dilute aqueous solutions by gas-liquid chromatography,paper chromatography and spectrophotometry

After concentration of the organic substances from water samples of 700 to 20,000 l by adsorption on active carbon and desorption with chloroform in a large Soxhlet apparatus, tlie organic compounds were separated by extraction into 5 different groups: acids, phenols, bases, neutral and amphoteric substances. The phenol group was investigated by gas and paper chromatography, ultraviolet difference spectrophotometry and infrared spectroscopy. Phenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophcnol, 2- and 3-cresol, 2,4-xylenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol were identified in samples of raw and treated water. Quantitative measurements proved to be possible with gas chromatography. The conditions for quantitative desorption and separation were studied.