5,5,8aβ-三甲基-6β-羟基-反八氢-1-萘酮的合成及在Phenylspirodrimane类混源萜天然产物骨架构建中的应用

以(E)-5,9-二甲基-4,8-癸二烯酸乙酯为原料, 发展了一种合成5,5,8aβ-三甲基-6β-羟基-反八氢-1-萘酮(1)的新方法, 并将其成功应用于phenylspirodrimane类混源萜天然产物骨架的构建. 对合成过程中所涉及的关键反应如区域选择性环氧化和Cp₂TiCl催化的自由基串联环合反应进行了优化. 所合成化合物的结构均通过核磁共振波谱(NMR)和高分辨质谱(HRMS)进行了表征和确认.     

海洋萜类化合物的生源合成途径

本文根据生源学说对海洋萜类化合物——卤代萜、西松烷型二萜内酯和四环四萜在海洋生物体中的生源合成途径作出合理的理论解释,并讨论化学合成法和分子探针法研究生源合成途径的可能性。     

串联固相萃取法选择性富集白花蛇舌草中的环烯醚萜苷类成分

研究了从白花蛇舌草水提取物中选择性富集环烯醚萜苷类成分的方法。该方法采用硅胶基质的寡聚乙二醇(OEG,实验室自合成)和ODS两种填料依次作为固定相,对白花蛇舌草水提醇沉样品进行固相萃取,并以超高效液相色谱(UPLC)系统对在富集的各个阶段得到的产物进行了色谱表征。实验结果表明,采用该方法得到的终产物的产率为8.21%。从UPLC谱图中可以看出固相萃取环烯醚萜苷类成分选择性富集的过程。终产物中14种典型的环烯醚萜苷类化合物含量明显升高,可达白花蛇舌草水提物的6.1倍,回收率为50.1%,富集效果明显。因此,将白花蛇舌草水提物醇沉后依次经过OEG柱与ODS柱的串联固相萃取可选择性地富集环烯醚萜苷类成分。该方法操作步骤较少,操作简便,选择性好,提取效率较高,富集效果明显。     

毛喉萜的合成研究概况

毛喉萜(1),forskolin,具有抗高血压、抗肿瘤转移和抗青光眼等药理活性,以及复杂分子结构所具有的挑战性,引起世界上众多有机合成化学家和药物化学家的研究兴趣。本文主要综述该化合物合成研究的各种策略以及路线设计。同时也简要介绍毛喉萜衍生物的合成及其构效关系。     

醌类衍生物全反式合成方法研究进展

醌类衍生物是生命体活动中的重要物质,但是醌类衍生物只有其反式异构体才有生理活性,所以如何实现醌类物质的全反式合成,是其合成研究的热点.二十世纪六十年以来,具有生物活性的醌类衍生物合成的研究不断深入,并取得了很大的进展.作者就醌类衍生物的全反式合成做一概述.     

新型α-萜品烯马来酰亚胺基双磺酰胺化合物的合成及其除草活性

以α-蒎烯为原料,在质子酸催化下发生Wagner-Meerwein重排得α-萜品烯(2);2与马来酸酐发生Diels-Alder环加成反应得α-萜品烯马来酸酐(3);3与水合肼反应制得N-氨基-α-萜品烯马来酰亚胺(4);在DMAP催化下,4与取代苯磺酰氯反应,合成了8个新型的α-萜品烯马来酰亚胺基双磺酰胺化合物(5a - 5h),其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR,IR和ESI-MS表征.初步测定了4和5的除草活性,结果表明,在浓度为100μg·mL-1时,大部分化合物对油菜的胚根生长有一定的抑制作用,其中4的抑制率达84.6％.     

山茱萸炮制过程中环烯醚萜苷类成分的质谱研究

利用高效液相色谱-电喷雾多级串联质谱(HPLC-ESI-MSn)联用技术, 对传统中药山茱萸炮制过程中环烯醚萜苷类成分的变化进行了研究. 采用反相C18色谱柱, 二元线性梯度洗脱, 分离并获得了山茱萸中7个环烯醚萜苷类化合物. 并通过电喷雾一级质谱获得了上述7种化合物的分子量信息, 利用电喷雾质谱的源内碰撞诱导解离技术, 获得了该类化合物在负离子模式下的碎裂特征, 在此基础上, 对其进行了结构鉴定和含量分析. 首次发现了差向异构体7α-乙氧基莫诺苷和7β-乙氧基莫诺苷化合物. 研究结果表明, 当采用HPLC-ESI-MS法分析山茱萸环烯醚萜苷类化合物时, 通过色谱保留时间色谱峰面积和质谱特征两方面信息能够提供更加准确可靠的定性定量结果.     

某些煤中生物标志物的研究

本文研究了广东遂溪泥炭、云南寻甸褐煤和大同马脊梁烟煤的苯-甲醇抽提物中的甾烷、萜烷等生物标志物的类别及其分布特征。用毛细管色谱和GC/MS/DS 联用仪,鉴定50多种甾、萜烷,也有完整系列的正构烷烃及类异戊二烯烃。并对上述生物标志化合物的分布特征从有机地球化学角度作了关联。     

α-萜品烯马来酰亚胺基酰腙衍生物的合成及杀菌活性研究

以α-蒎烯为原料,在质子酸催化下发生Wagner-Meerwein重排得到α-萜品烯,再与马来酸酐发生Diels-Alder环加成反应得到α-萜品烯马来酸酐(3),然后与水合肼反应制备N-氨基-α-萜品烯马来酰亚胺(4).在冰醋酸催化下,4与各种取代苯甲醛反应,合成得到17个新型α-萜品烯马来酰亚胺基酰腙化合物5a～5q.初步探索了合成条件,并利用元素分析,1H NMR,13C NMR,LC-MS,FT-IR等多种手段对目标产物作了分析表征.初步的生物活性测试表明,大部分化合物具有一定的杀菌活性,其中4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基-α-萜品烯马来酰亚胺基酰腙(5n)在浓度为50 mg/L时对苹果轮纹病菌、花生褐斑病菌和番茄早疫病菌的抑制率分别达91%,83.3%和76.7%.     

酸催化环合合成△~(1,8)-5,5-双甲基-六氢-7-氧代-萘-2-乙酸甲酯

近年来一些2位含氧的萜类化合物引起了人们的兴趣,虽已报道一些2位含氧的三环三烯萜的合成,但化合物2-oxo-(?)nt-manool     

Synthesis of cordiaquinone J and K via B-alkyl Suzuki-Miyaura coupling as a key step and determination of the absolute configuration of natural products

A versatile methodology for the synthesis of various terpenoids via B-alkyl Suzuki-Miyaura coupling as a key step is established. Synthesis of cordiaquinone J and K, new antifungal and larvicidal meroterpenoids, was achieved by using this methodology. The absolute configurations of cordiaquinone J and K were confirmed by the synthesis.     

Divergent Biomimetic Total Syntheses of Ganocins A–C,Ganocochlearins C and D,and Cochlearol T

A divergent synthetic approach to six Ganoderma meroterpenoids, namely ganocins A–C, ganocochlearins C and D, and cochlearol T, has been developed for the first time. This synthetic route features a two‐phase strategy which includes early‐stage rapid construction of a common planar tricyclic intermediate followed by highly selective late‐stage transformations into various Ganoderma meroterpenoids. Key to the strategy are a bioinspired intramolecular hetero‐Diels–Alder reaction and Stahl‐type oxidative aromatization, allowing efficient formation of the common tricyclic phenol intermediate. A nucleophilic dearomatization of the phenol unit, combined with a regioselective 1,4‐reduction of the resulting dienone, enabled rapid access to ganocins B and C. Additionally, site‐selective Mukaiyama hydration, followed by an intramolecular oxa‐Michael addition/triflation cascade, served as a key strategic element in the chemical synthesis of ganocin A.     

New chromane derivatives isolated from the brown alga, Sargassum micracanthum

Two new chromane type meroterpenoids were isolated from the methanolic extract of the brown alga, Sargassum micracanthum. Their structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic analysis and chemical conversion. The absolute stereochemistry of the methyl group at C-8' in 1 and related compounds were determined by modified Mosher's method.     

Psiguamers A–C,three cytotoxic meroterpenoids bearing a methylated benzoylphloroglucinol framework from Psidium guajava and total synthesis of 1 and 2

Three sesquiterpene-based meroterpenoids psiguamers A–C (1–3) with new skeletons were isolated from Psidium guajava leaves. Compounds (±)-1 and (±)-2 were two pairs of humulene-derived meroterpenoids bearing a rare methylated benzoylphloroglucinol unit, while 3 was an unprecedented adduct of bicyclogermacrene and methylated benzoylphloroglucinol. Their structures were determined based on comprehensive analyses of spectroscopic data, calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra, total synthesis, and X-ray crystallographic data. The biomimetic synthesis of (±)-1 and (±)-2 was achieved. Compound (+)-1 exhibited cytotoxic activities against five human tumor cell lines (HCT-116, HepG2, BGC-823, A549, and U251), with IC₅₀ values of 2.94, 9.01, 6.45, 5.42, and 5.33 μmol/L, respectively.     

Dimericbiscognienynes B and C: New diisoprenyl-cyclohexene-type meroterpenoid dimers from Biscogniauxia sp.

Till now, only three diisoprenyl-cyclohexene/ane-type meroterpenoid dimers have been identified. The isolation of two new diisoprenyl-cyclohexene-type meroterpenoid dimers (dimericbiscognienynes B and C) from Biscogniauxia sp. 71-10-1-1 added new members to this family.     

Total Synthesis Establishes the Biosynthetic Pathway to the Naphterpin and Marinone Natural Products

The naphterpins and marinones are naphthoquinone meroterpenoids with an unusual aromatic oxidation pattern that is biosynthesized from 1,3,6,8‐tetrahydroxynaphthalene (THN). We propose that cryptic halogenation of THN derivatives by vanadium‐dependent chloroperoxidase (VCPO) enzymes is key to this biosynthetic pathway, despite the absence of chlorine in these natural products. This speculation inspired a total synthesis to mimic the naphterpin/marinone biosynthetic pathway. In validation of this biogenetic hypothesis, two VCPOs were discovered that interconvert several of the proposed biosynthetic intermediates.     

Divergent Biomimetic Total Syntheses of Ganocins A–C,Ganocochlearins C and D,and Cochlearol T

A divergent synthetic approach to six Ganoderma meroterpenoids, namely ganocins A–C, ganocochlearins C and D, and cochlearol T, has been developed for the first time. This synthetic route features a two-phase strategy which includes early-stage rapid construction of a common planar tricyclic intermediate followed by highly selective late-stage transformations into various Ganoderma meroterpenoids. Key to the strategy are a bioinspired intramolecular hetero-Diels–Alder reaction and Stahl-type oxidative aromatization, allowing efficient formation of the common tricyclic phenol intermediate. A nucleophilic dearomatization of the phenol unit, combined with a regioselective 1,4-reduction of the resulting dienone, enabled rapid access to ganocins B and C. Additionally, site-selective Mukaiyama hydration, followed by an intramolecular oxa-Michael addition/triflation cascade, served as a key strategic element in the chemical synthesis of ganocin A.     

Divergent Total Synthesis of Fornicin A,Fornicin D,and Ganodercin D,Meroterpenoids from Ganoderma Mushrooms

The meroterpenoids fornicin A, fornicin D, and ganodercin D, found in mushrooms of the Ganoderma genus, have been prepared in a concise and divergent synthesis route. The characteristic unsaturated γ-ketoacid moiety was obtained via an optimized step-wise aldol condensation between two readily accessible building blocks. THP-protection of a phenolic hydroxyl group under basic conditions was developed, a protocol that adds to the versatility of this protecting group.     

Exploiting the Potential of Meroterpenoid Cyclases to Expand the Chemical Space of Fungal Meroterpenoids

Fungal meroterpenoids are a diverse group of hybrid natural products with impressive structural complexity and high potential as drug candidates. In this work, we evaluate the promiscuity of the early structure diversity-generating step in fungal meroterpenoid biosynthetic pathways: the multibond-forming polyene cyclizations catalyzed by the yet poorly understood family of fungal meroterpenoid cyclases. In total, 12 unnatural meroterpenoids were accessed chemoenzymatically using synthetic substrates. Their complex structures were determined by 2D NMR studies as well as crystalline-sponge-based X-ray diffraction analyses. The results obtained revealed a high degree of enzyme promiscuity and experimental results which together with quantum chemical calculations provided a deeper insight into the catalytic activity of this new family of non-canonical, terpene cyclases. The knowledge obtained paves the way to design and engineer artificial pathways towards second generation meroterpenoids with valuable bioactivities based on combinatorial biosynthetic strategies.     

Guapsidial A and Guadials B and C: Three New Meroterpenoids with Unusual Skeletons from the Leaves of Psidium guajava

A novel sesquiterpene‐based Psidium meroterpenoid, possessing an unusual coupling pattern, and two new monoterpene‐based meroterpenoids with unprecedented skeletons were isolated from the leaves of Psidium guajava. Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by spectroscopic, X‐ray diffraction, and computational methods. The plausible biosynthetic pathway of these meroterpenoids as well as their cytotoxicities toward HepG2 and HepG2/ADM cells were also discussed.