2-吲哚基嗯唑啉和噻唑啉衍生物的合成及生物活性研究

合成了一系列新颖的2-吲哚基噁唑啉和噻唑啉化合物,它们的结构经IR,1H NMR,MS和元素分析确认,同时测试了它们的生物活性.初步实验结果表明,对各种植物真菌均有不同程度的抑制活性,噻唑啉化合物要优丁噁唑啉,其中2a和2b在50 mg/L时,对茄棉疫,油菜菌核和芦笋茎枯呈现出100%的抑制率.     

异噁唑啉盐的合成及其应用

作为一类重要的有机合成中间体,异噁唑啉盐广泛地应用于具有生物活性化合物的制备.对异噁唑啉盐的结构、制备方法,及其作为多功能合成中间体,在N-甲基异噁唑烷、N-甲基氨基醇、N-甲基氨基多醇、α-氨基酸和β-氨基酸等重要化合物合成中的应用作了较详尽阐述,同时简单地介绍了新型N-取代异噁唑啉盐的合成及其应用.在对这些研究现状进行分析的基础上,对该研究领域下一步的发展方向进行了展望.     

三芳基吡唑啉噁二唑类衍生物的合成及其荧光光谱研究

提出了一种新的合成1,3,4-噁二唑化合物的方法,并通过Wittig反应将其与1,3,5-三芳基-2-吡唑啉相连合成了6种新的三芳基吡唑啉噁二唑类化合物.用红外光谱、质谱、核磁共振谱和元素分析对合成化合物进行了结构表征.用荧光光谱仪对它们的荧光性能进行了测试,测试结果表明目标产物具有良好的荧光性,其荧光发射波长均在437～511nm范围内,荧光量子产率最大可达0.36.     

新型C2对称的手性双(亚)唑啉化合物的合成

手性双噁唑啉化合物因其在不对称合成领域的广泛应用，而成为有机合成的一个研究热点。具有C2对称的手性双噁唑啉化合物因其在不对称合成反应中表现出较好的对映选择活性而倍受关注，其合成方法有由羧基转化为噁唑啉基；     

5-磷酰基-3-芳基异噁唑啉的合成及结构表征

通过乙烯基膦酸酯与氧化腈的环加成反应,合成了一系列区域专一的异噁唑啉.化合物3c的单晶X衍射证实产物为5-磷酰基异噁唑啉.目标化合物结构经核磁、电喷雾质谱和元素分析表证,生物活性测试表明这些化合物具有一定的神经氨酸酶抑制活性.     

催化量碘代烷烃促进下合成3,5-二取代异噁唑啉

研究了端基烯烃和醛肟在氧化剂过硫酸氢钾和催化量碘代烷烃作用下的[3+2]环合反应,合成了一系列具有良好产率及区域选择性的3,5-二取代异噁唑啉化合物.反应中,碘代烷烃先经过氧化分解产生了活泼的次碘酸,再依次与醛肟和烯烃经亲电加成反应生成五元杂环碘代中间体,该中间体通过消除反应得到3,5-二取代异噁唑啉化合物.考察了反应条件的影响,提出了可能的反应机理,为合成3,5-二取代异噁唑啉化合物提供了新方法.     

面手性二芳基膦-噁唑啉配体的开发及其在不对称催化反应中的应用

膦-噁唑啉配体形成的催化剂具有出色的催化活性和对映选择性, 被广泛应用于各种不对称催化反应中. 具有面手性的膦-噁唑啉配体是其中重要的一类. 综述了面手性二芳基膦-噁唑啉配体的开发, 并按反应类型介绍了它们在不对称催化反应中的应用.     

1,3-偶极环加成法合成异噁唑啉新化合物及其生物活性的研究

以N-甲羟胺硫酸盐和芳香族羰基化合物为主要原料合成了一系列不同的1,3-偶极化合物, 并合成了四种不同的单取代苯乙烯. 以该系列1,3-偶极化合物和单取代苯乙烯为主要中间体, 采用1,3-偶极环加成反应合成了一系列异噁唑啉类新化合物. 同时研究了1,3-偶极化合物与单取代烯发生的1,3-偶极环加成反应, 该合成过程为理想的绿色反应, 合成产物是5位取代异噁唑啉. 通过质谱和核磁共振等表征了化合物的化学结构. 同时对系列异噁唑啉类新化合物进行了实验室内植物生物活性的测试, 发现了对植物灰霉病有效的新化合物.     

作用于离子型γ-氨基丁酸受体的异噁唑啉类杀寄生虫剂

离子型GABA受体是一类重要的杀虫剂靶标,异噁唑啉类化合物是作用于该靶标的一类新型杀虫（寄生虫）剂。基于异噁唑啉类衍生物高效的杀虫活性和出色的安全性,自首个该类杀寄生虫剂氟雷拉纳被发现后,阿福拉纳、沙罗拉纳、洛替拉纳和氟噁唑酰胺等化合物相继被报道。本文主要综述了异噁唑啉类化合物在杀虫剂领域的最新研究进展,重点在化学结构、杀虫活性、作用机制、生物代谢和安全性等方面进行了总结和评述,同时探讨了异噁唑啉类杀虫（寄生虫）剂在应用上的局限性,对该类化合物在农业病虫害防治的应用前景和发展趋势作了展望。     

手性双噁唑啉配体的合成进展

总结了近年来用于不对称催化的各种双噁唑啉配体的合成方法,包括丙二酸酯类、酒石酸类、吡啶类、联苯、联萘及二茂铁类等多种双噁唑啉配体的合成.另外,还讨论了苯甲醚类、二联苯噁二唑类、联苯胺类与氮杂类等新型双噁唑啉配体的合成.     

Synthesis of 1-triazolyl-4-trimethylsilyl-2-butanol and 1-triazolyl-5-trimethylsilyl-2-pentanol derivatives and an investigation of their fungicidal activities

A new series of azole derivatives of 1-triazolyl-4-trimethylsilyl-2-butanol and 1-triazolyl-5-trimethylsilyl-2-pentanol were synthesized and evaluated for fungicidal activities against rice blast, sheath blight, and powdery mildew on barley. The derivatives of 2,4-difluorobenzene exhibited high antifungal activities when applied by spray, but exhibited no fungicidal activity by submerged application.     

Syntheses and Fungicidal Activities of Thiazole-5-carboxanilides Bearing Thioether Group

In an attempt to find leading thiazole carboxanilides exhibiting fungicidal activities, we designed and synthesized a new series of 2-sulfursubstituted thiazole carboxanilides via the reaction between 2-sulfur substituted thiazole carboxylic acid chlorides and substituted aniline. The fungicidal activities of the title compounds against Rhizoctonia solani were screened and the results were remarkable. The most potent compound 8i, N-[2,6-dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-methylthio-4-(trifluoromethyl)thiazole-5-carboxamide, was identified. The fungicidal EC₅₀ of compound 8i against Rhizoctonia solani was 1.28 mg/L, being comparable to that of Thifluzamide. The results indicate that compound 8i can be considered as a lead compound for further research.     

新型不对称草酰二胺类化合物的设计、合成及生物活性

以氯虫酰胺和氟虫腈骨架结构为基础, 依据生物合理设计思想引入酰胺键活性基团, 设计合成了一系列新型不对称草酰二胺类化合物, 通过核磁共振氢谱和高分辨质谱对合成的化合物进行了结构表征. 初步生物活性测试结果表明, 在浓度为200 mg/L时, 目标化合物未表现出良好的杀粘虫活性, 但具有一定的抑菌活性; 在浓度为50 mg/L时, 化合物6e和6f对番茄早疫病菌的抑菌率为45.0%, 高于其它化合物, 表明含有2,4,6-三氯苯环的该系列化合物对番茄早疫病菌具有良好的抑菌活性; 化合物6g对苹果轮纹病菌的抑菌率为51.9%, 高于其它化合物, 表明含有较大空间位阻的该系列化合物对苹果轮纹病菌具有良好的抑菌活性.     

Synthesis and Biological Activity of Novel 1-Substituted Phenyl(glycosyl)-4-{4-[(4,6-dimethoxy)pyrimidin-2-yl] Piperazin-1-yl}methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazoles

A series of novel 1-substituted phenyl or glycosyl 1,2,3-triazoles was designed and synthesized by azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between 4,6-dimethoxy-2-[(4-prop-2-ynyl)piperazin-1-yl]pyrimidine and each of different azides catalysed by in situ generated Cu(I). The O-acyl protecting groups on glycosyl 1,2,3-triazoles were removed by triethylamine in wet methanol. Their chemical structures were established on the basis of corresponding ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, MS and elemental analysis. The fungicidal activities of target compounds were evaluated in vitro against Fusarium omysporum, Physalospora piricola, Alternaria solani, Phytophthora capsici, Cercospora arachidicola and Gibberella zeae at 50 μg/mL. The bioassay results indicate that some of the compounds exhibited mode-rate but promising fungicidal activities. In particular, acetylated glucopyranosyl triazole displayed a good fungicidal activity against Physalospora piricola, which is equal to that of the positive control compound chlorothalonil.     

新型N-甲氧基-N-苯基氨基甲酸酯类化合物的合成及生物活性研究

为了寻找高效、低毒的新农药,采用活性结构拼接法合成了含1H-1,2,4-三氮唑基的N-甲氧基-N-{2-[1-取代苯基-2-(1H-1,2,4-三氮唑-1-基)-1-丙酮]}苯基氨基甲酸甲酯化合物10个。所有的化合物都经^1H NMR、红外、LC／MS进行了表征。生测活性表明,部分化合物对小麦赤霉病、稻瘟病、黄瓜灰霉病、小麦白粉病有较好的抑菌活性。     

Design,synthesis and SAR study of novel sulfonylurea derivatives containing arylpyrimidine moieties as potential anti-phytopathogenic fungal agents

Three series of novel sulfonylureas (SUs) 9-11 containing aromatic-substituted pyrimidines were designed and synthesized. The 3D-QASR and molecular docking studies showed that SUs should be considered as potential antiphytopathogenic fungal agents.     

Design,synthesis and SAR study of novel sulfonylurea derivatives containing arylpyrimidine moieties as potential anti-phytopathogenic fungal agents

Acetohydroxyacid synthase(AHAS) was considered as a promising target for antifungal agents.Herein,three series of novel sulfonylureas(SUs) 9-11 containing aromatic-substituted pyrimidines were designed and synthesized according to pharmacophore-combination and bioisosterism strategy.The in vitro fungicidal activities against ten phytopathogenic fungi indicated that most of the title compounds exhibited broad-spectrum and excellent fungicidal activities.Based on the preliminary fungicidal activities,a CoMFA model was constructed and the 3 D-QSAR analysis indicated that either a bulky group around the 5-position of the pyrimidine ring or electropositive group around the 2-position of the benzene ring would be favour to fungicidal activities.In order to study interaction mechanism,10 k was automatically docked into yeast AHAS and it further indicated that bearing bulky groups-aryl at the pyrimidine ring was critical to enhance antifungal activities.It revealed that the antifungal activity of derivatives 9-11 probably results from the inhibition of fungal AHAS.Thus,the present results strongly showed that SUs should be considered as lead compounds or model molecules to develop novel antiphyt o pathogenic fungal agents.     

N-硝基-N,N′-二苯基脲衍生物的合成及抑菌活性

采用“一锅法”设计合成了9个N-硝基脲衍生物,收率50.2%-76.8%。通过红外光谱、核磁共振谱及元素分析等测试技术确证了它们的结构。初步杀菌活性测试表明,当浓度为50mg/L时,部分化合物对水稻纹枯菌具有较好的抑菌活性。     

Design,synthesis, and bioactivity of nortopsentin analogues containing 1,2,4-triazole moieties

Plant diseases are serious and difficult to control. Novel and efficient pesticides are urgently needed. A series of nortopsentin analogues were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their antiviral activities and fungicidal activities. Compound 3g with higher antiviral activity than nortopsentin D and ribavirin emerged as new antiviral lead compound. Further fungicidal activity tests revealed that nortopsentin analogues displayed broad-spectrum fungicidal activities. Compounds 3a , 3d , and 3f displayed higher antifungal activities against Cercospora arachidicola Hori than commercial fungicides carbendazim and chlorothalonil. Current research has laid a foundation for the application of nortopsentin analogues in plant protection.     

Synthesis and biological activities of novel 2-amino-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid derivatives

A series of novel 2-amino-1, 3-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid derivatives were designed and synthesized. Their structures were confirmed by melting points, IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and HRMS or elemental analysis. Biological activities of all title compounds including fungicidal activity and antivirus activity were evaluated systematically. Preliminary bioassays indicated that these compounds exhibited good fungicidal activity at 50 μg/mL, compounds 4b and 4i exhibited over 50% activity against six fungi tested. Most compounds showed good activity against TMV with different models in vivo at 100 μg/mL. Compounds 4c and 4e stood out with high effects against TMV in vivo in all models tested, including protective, inactivative, curative, and inductive activities. These data demonstrate a new strategy for fungi and virus control.