Cr2O3对白云鄂博西尾矿微晶玻璃显微结构及性能的影响

以白云鄂博西尾矿和粉煤灰为主要原料,采用熔融法制备了添加0～2.0wt; Cr2O3的CaO-MgO-SiO2-Al2O3系微晶玻璃,利用DTA、XRD、FESEM、EDS和综合力学性能仪等测试手段,研究了Cr2O3含量对该体系微晶玻璃显微结构及性能的影响.实验结果表明:少量Cr2O3 (0.5wt;)可有效降低样品的晶化温度,促进主晶相辉石相(Ca(Mg,Fe,Al) (Si,Al)2O6)的形成,同时细化其显微组织,从而提高样品的密度、抗折强度和耐酸碱性;当Cr2O3含量大于等于1.5wt;时,析晶峰温度由804℃提高到816℃,同时微晶玻璃中形成不规则块状结构的镁铁铬尖晶石(MgFeo.9 Cr1.1O4)第二相,并进而引起周围辉石相晶粒异常长大,降低其抗折强度.     

Fe2O3对纳米晶尾矿微晶玻璃结构及性能的影响

以铁尾矿和金尾矿为主要原料,采用熔融法制备了添加0 ～ 20wt; Fe2O3的CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2(CMAS)系纳米晶尾矿微晶玻璃,利用差示扫描量热分析(DSC)、X射线衍射分析(XRD)、红外光谱(IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)和综合力学性能仪等测试手段,研究了Fe2O3含量对该体系微晶玻璃显微结构及性能的影响.实验结果表明:随着Fe2O3含量的增加,样品的晶化温度和玻璃化转变温度逐渐降低;且Fe2O3可促进主晶相透辉石相(Mg0.6Fe0.2Al0.2) Ca(Si1.5Al1.5)O6的形成;同时Fe2O3能够有效减小透辉石相平均晶粒尺寸;另外,微晶玻璃的密度、显微硬度和耐碱性随晶粒尺寸的减小而增加,而抗折强度和耐酸性随晶粒尺寸的减小而降低.     

复合晶核剂对黄磷炉渣微晶玻璃析晶的影响

以黄磷炉渣为主要原料,通过添加不同种类的复合晶核剂,采用熔融法制备了黄磷炉渣微晶玻璃.借助化学热力学软件FactSage 6.4模拟计算晶相类型,借助Kissinger方程分析析晶能力,利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)进行验证.结果表明:相比添加单一晶核剂TiO2,复合晶核剂TiO2+CaF2或复合晶核剂TiO2+P2O5均能够降低黄磷炉渣基础玻璃的析晶活化能E,促进其析晶,复合晶核剂TiO2+Cr2O3能够提高黄磷炉渣基础玻璃的析晶活化能E,抑制其析晶;无论添加单一晶核剂TiO2,还是添加复合晶核剂TiO2+CaF2、复合晶核剂TiO2+P2O5或复合晶核剂TiO2+Cr2O3,黄磷炉渣微晶玻璃晶相类型相同,主晶相为硅灰石(CaSiO3),副晶相为铝透辉石(Ca(Mg,Al)(Si,Al)2O6)和氟磷灰石(Ca5(PO4)3F),这与化学热力学软件FactSage 6.4模拟计算结果基本一致.     

晶核剂P2O5对CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系黄磷炉渣微晶玻璃析晶的影响

采用熔融法以自然冷却黄磷炉渣为主要原料,P2O5为晶核剂,制备了黄磷炉渣微晶玻璃.利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、差热分析(DTA)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等分析技术手段,探究了晶核剂P2O5(以KH2PO4的形式引入)对黄磷炉渣微晶玻璃晶化行为及物化性能的影响规律.结果表明:黄磷炉渣基础玻璃的析晶峰温度Tp及析晶活化能E随着P2O5晶核剂的增加呈现先减小后增大的趋势;当晶核剂P2O5加入量达到4wt;时,黄磷炉渣基础玻璃的析晶峰温度Tp及析晶活化能E最小,析晶效果最优,物化性能最优;主晶相硅灰石(CaSiO3)并不随着晶核剂P2O5加入量的增大而发生改变,同时能够促进晶相氟磷灰石(Ca5(PQ)3F)生成.     

CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-P2O5-(F)微晶玻璃的析晶及特征

采用熔融法制备了不同P2O5及F含量的CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-P2O5-(F)基础玻璃试样,研究了CaO-MgO- Al2O3-SiO2-P2O5-(F)系微晶玻璃的析晶及特征.结果表明:在CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-8.0wt;P2O5玻璃中,表面析晶和内部析晶同时存在,析出晶体主要为钙长石(CaAl2Si2O8)相、硅灰石(CaSiO3)和α-磷酸钙(Ca3(PO4)2).玻璃中P2O5含量的提高抑制玻璃的表面析晶,同时促进了玻璃的整体析晶和α-磷酸钙晶体析出.同时添加P2O5和F的玻璃试样以整体析晶为主,析出晶体为块状氟磷灰石和粒状钙长石相.     

TiO2对黄磷炉渣-滇池底泥微晶玻璃析晶的影响

利用自然冷却黄磷炉渣和滇池底泥为原料协同制备微晶玻璃.借助差热分析(DTA)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究晶核剂TiO2对微晶玻璃析晶行为的影响.结果表明:随着TiO2添加量的增加,基础玻璃的析晶活化能E逐渐增加,析晶效果逐渐变差;TiO2的添加不改变微晶玻璃的晶相类型,其晶相均为镁黄长石(Ca2MgSi2O7)和钙黄长石(Ca2Al2SiO7);原料本身含有的TiO2就能促进黄磷炉渣-滇池底泥基础玻璃整体析晶,析晶活化能最小且性能最优.     

高热膨胀Na2O-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2微晶玻璃的制备及性能研究

采用传统熔体冷却法制备了Na2O-MgO-Al2 O3-SiO2玻璃并采用整体析晶工艺制备了微晶玻璃.利用DSC、XRD、SEM等测试手段研究了微晶玻璃的析晶行为和显微结构,探讨了热处理制度对该体系微晶玻璃热膨胀系数、密度、抗弯强度、显微硬度等性能的影响.研究结果表明,当晶化温度为800℃时该体系微晶玻璃主晶相为颗粒状霞石晶体(NaAlSiO4);当晶化温度达到900℃时玻璃中开始析出镁橄榄石(Mg2SiO4)晶体;延长保温时间可显著促进析晶但对晶体种类没有影响.析晶后微晶玻璃的密度、热膨胀系数、抗弯强度和显微硬度值显著增加,其最高热膨胀系数可达14.1×10-6℃-1.所制备的微晶玻璃具有很好的机械性能,当热处理温度为1000℃时,其抗弯强度和显微硬度分别达160 MPa和7.8 GPa.     

NaF对黄磷炉渣微晶玻璃析晶的影响

以自然冷却黄磷炉渣为原料,外加一定量的SiO2和Al2O3,以及不同比例的NaF,通过熔融法制备黄磷炉渣微晶玻璃.利用差热分析仪(DTA)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等分析手段,并借助Kissinger方程分析NaF对黄磷炉渣微晶玻璃析晶的影响.结果 表明:随着NaF添加量的增大,基础玻璃的析晶活化能E先减小后增大,当添加5wt;的NaF时,黄磷炉渣基础玻璃的析晶峰温度值最小,析晶活化能E最低,析晶效果最佳;微晶玻璃的主晶相不会随NaF添加量的增大而改变,主晶相均为硅灰石(CaSiO3).     

不同冷却方式黄磷炉渣微晶玻璃析晶动力学研究

以水淬黄磷炉渣和自然冷却态黄磷炉渣为研究对象,采用熔融法制备CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系微晶玻璃.通过差热分析、X射线衍射和扫描电镜,并利用修正后的Johnson-Mehl-Avrami (JMA)方程和Augis-Bennett方程,分析了不同冷却方式下黄磷炉渣制备微晶玻璃的析晶规律.结果表明:不同冷却方式对微晶玻璃的析晶行为有所不同,水淬黄磷炉渣微晶玻璃的析晶活化能E为352.609 kJ/mol,自然冷却黄磷炉渣微晶玻璃的析晶活化能E为405.685kJ/mol;两种不同冷却方式的黄磷炉渣微晶玻璃的晶化机制均为三维体积晶化.水淬黄磷炉渣微晶玻璃中主晶相为硅灰石(CaSiO3)并含有少量的石英矿物;自然冷却黄磷炉渣微晶玻璃中主晶相为钙蔷薇辉石类(Ca(Mn2,Ca)Si2O6)和含铁硅灰石类固溶体((Ca,Fe) SiO3).以自然冷却渣制备的微晶玻璃性能优于水淬渣制备出的微晶玻璃.     

TiO2和Cr2O3作晶核剂对金矿尾砂微晶玻璃结晶性能的影响

以金矿尾砂为主要原料,方解石、硼砂等为添加原料,采用熔融法制备CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系微晶玻璃.采用X射线衍射分析(XRD)、差热分析(DSC)、扫描电镜(SEM)等分析手段对所制备样品进行性能测试与结构表征,研究了TiO2和Cr2O3对金矿尾砂微晶玻璃结晶性能的影响.结果表明,以2; TiO2为晶核剂,金矿尾砂微晶玻璃只有表面析晶,晶相从表面向内部生长;以4; TiO2为晶核剂,样品内部析出少量团聚晶体;以2; Cr2O3为晶核剂,样品内部析出少量团聚粒状晶体;以2; TiO2和2; Cr2O3为复合晶核剂,样品内部析出大量均匀分布的颗粒状晶体,极大地提高了金矿尾砂微晶玻璃的整体析晶能力,主晶相为透辉石(CaMgSi2O6),次晶相为钙长石(CaAl2Si2O8).     

Crystal structure of Rb2[GeO2(OH)2]·2H2O

Single crystals of Rb₂[GeO₂(OH)₂] · 2H₂O are studied by X-ray diffraction. The crystals belong to the orthorhombic system, sp. gr. Pna2₁, a = 13.523(6) Å, b = 8.143(4) Å, c = 13.407(6) Å, Z = 8, R ₁ = 0.0506. In [GeO₂(OH)₂]^2? anions, the Ge-O distances (1.71–1.73(1) Å) are shorter than the Ge-OH distances (1.76–1.80(1) Å). Anions are linked to each other by pairs of hydrogen bonds to form infinite chains. The chains are linked by hydrogen bonds involving water molecules to form a 3D structure. The assignment of the bands in the IR spectrum of the compound under study is performed.     

通过SiO2涂层改善BaSi2O2N2∶Eu2荧光粉的热性能

本文研究了SiO2涂层对BaSi2O2N2∶ Eu2蓝绿色荧光粉发光性能和热性能的影响.采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了SiO2包覆的BaSi2O2N2∶Eu2+蓝绿色荧光粉.实验结果表明,最佳镀膜量为6wt;,当镀膜量大于此值时,荧光粉亮度迅速降低.涂覆SiO2后,在150℃下BaSi2O2 N2∶Eu2荧光粉的热猝灭性能提高了2.4;,在500℃热降解后荧光粉的发光性能提高了15;.SiO2涂层显著提高了BaSi2O2N2∶Eu2+荧光粉的热稳定性.SiO2涂层的作用机理是在荧光粉表面和氧化气氛之间形成阻挡层,保护Eu2的发光中心在热加热过程中不被氧化.     

Identification of a new family of diphosphate compounds, AI2BII3(P2O7)2: Structures of Ag2Co3(P2O7)2, Ag2Mn3(P2O7)2, and Na2Cd3(P2O7)2

Syntheses and single-crystal X-ray structural results are reported for three new mixed diphosphates of the family A^I ₂B^II ₃(P₂O₇)₂; Ag₂Co₃(P₂O₇)₂ (I), Ag₂Mn₃(P₂O₇)₂ (II), and Na₂Cd₃(P₂O₇)₂ (III). All crystallize in the triclinic system, space group P1 bar: (I) a = 5.351(4), b = 6.375(4), c = 16.532(4) Å, = 80.83(6) = 81.45(4), = 72.87(5)°, V = 528.9(6) ų, Z = 2, D _calc = 4.649 mg/m³, R/Rw = 0.0428/0.0548 for 3949 obs. reflns; (II) a = 5.432(7), b = 6.619(6), c = 16.51(3) Å, = 80.78(8) = 82.43(9), = 72.82(7)°, V = 557.7(13) ų, Z = 2, D _calc = 4.338 mg/m³, R/Rw = 0.0679/0.1303 for 2100 obs. reflns and (III) a = 5.67(3), b = 7.08(4), c = 7.90(4) Å, = 77.0(2), = 82.5(2), = 67.8(2)°, V = 286(3) ų, Z = 2, D _calc = 4.249 mg/m³, R/Rw = 0.0307/0.0342 for 1945 obs. reflns. (I) and (II) are isostructural but (III) is of a different type. All three structures are characterized by layers of P₂O₇ groups alternating with layers of mixed metal atoms. Differences are seen in the conglomerate bonding patterns of B atoms and in the irregular geometry of Ag in (I) and (II) compared to the octahedral bonding seen for Na in (III). The differences in structure may be understood in terms of the ratios of the ionic radii of A and B atoms.     

Dissociation of LiAlO2 and LiGaO2

The thermodynamic calculations of dissociation of LiAlO₂ and LiGaO₂ as function of temperature and oxygen pressure are presented. It has been found that LiGaO₂ evaporates congruently at the melting point under the oxygen pressure equal to 1 · 10^—5 atm. LiAlO₂ evaporates incongruently, the equilibrium oxygen partial pressure at the melting point is equal to 9.6 · 10^—5 atm and the partial pressure of Li and Al oxides decrease with increasing of oxygen pressure.     

Synthesis and characterization of (NH4)2CuBr2Cl2·2H2O crystals

Single crystals of a new compound, (NH₄)₂CuBr₂Cl₂.2H₂O, were grown from saturated aqueous solution at room temperature by slow evaporation method. The grown crystals were characterized through elemental, powder XRD, thermal and DSC analyses and FTIR and far IR spectra. The elemental analysis and the decomposition pattern formulated using the TG‐DTG studies confirm the stoichiometry of the compound. The crystallinity of the compound is confirmed from the powder XRD pattern. A preliminary single crystal X‐ray diffraction structural analysis reveals that the title compound belongs to the orthorhombic system with a = 7.7466 Å, b = 7.783 Å and c = 8.1211 Å. The low temperature DSC shows thermal anomalies at –161.1, –156.5, –152.4, –145.2, –134, –18.5, and 1.4°C during the heating run and at –4.3, –54.8, –66.1, –90.6, –109.7 and –147.2 °C during the cooling run. The thermal hysterses indicate first order phase transitions in the title compound at these temperatures. The FTIR spectra were used to assign the characteristic vibrational frequencies due to NH₄⁺, CuX₄^2– ions and other chemical bonds. The effect of substitution of two bromine atoms on the phase transitions of a closely related crystal, diammonium tetrachloro cuprate dihydrate is also discussed. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Ru掺杂MoS2对SO2F2和H2S气体吸附的第一性原理研究

本文基于第一性原理探讨了Ru掺杂的单层MoS₂(Ru-MoS₂)的结构及其对SF₆绝缘设备中的两种主要分解气体SO₂F₂和H₂S的传感和吸附行为。Ru原子进入硫空位从而产生Ru-MoS₂,结果表明，Ru-MoS₂对SO₂F₂和H₂S气体的吸附能(E_ad)分别为-1.52和-2.11 eV,属于化学吸附。通过能带分析(BS)和态密度(DOS)分析进一步证明了两个体系的吸附性能，并阐述了Ru-MoS₂用于电阻式气体传感器时的气体吸附传感机制。除此之外，本文在理论上探索了不同温度下Ru-MoS₂解吸附SO₂F₂和H₂S的恢复时间，在598 K温度下，SO₂F₂吸附体系的恢复时间为6...     

Optical properties of the germanate melilites Sr2MgGe2O7, Sr2ZnGe2O7 and Ba2ZnGe2O7

Refractive indices and their dispersion in the wavelength range from 365 nm to 2325 nm and transmission ranges of the tetragonal melilite‐type germanates Sr₂MgGe₂O₇, Sr₂ZnGe₂O₇ and Ba₂ZnGe₂O₇ were determined. The uniaxial positive crystals Sr₂MgGe₂O₇ and Ba₂ZnGe₂O₇ both offer the possibility for phase matched second harmonic generation, a detailed analysis of phase matching conditions is given. The refractive indices of Sr₂ZnGe₂O₇ show an isoindex (isotropic) point at 467 nm. The investigation was performed on Czochralski grown large single crystals. The crystal structure of all three germanates were determined by means of X ‐ray diffraction. The results corroborate unmodulated melilite‐type structures at room temperature. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Structure of {Pb[S2CN(C2H5)2]2(1,10-phenanthroline)}2

Lead (II) nitrate reacts with 1,10-phenanthroline and sodium diethyldithiocarbamate in water to produce yellow bisdiethyldithiocarbamata 1,10-phenanthroline lead(II). Crystals from water are triclinic, space group $P\bar 1$ (#2),a=10.53(2) Å,b=11.050(12)Å,c=24.74 (3) Å, α=94.71 (9)⁰, β=98.15(11)^o, γ=114.11(9)^o,V=2569(6) ų,Z=2. Each lead atom has approximate pentagonal pyramid coordination geometry through the nitrogens of a phenathroline and sulfurs of two dithiocarbamates. Additionally, complexes form loose dimers in which lead atoms are weakly coordinated to a sulfur in an adjacent complex. IR and proton nmr spectrum of the complex are consistent with the solid state structure.     

CaO-MgO-Al2O3-Fe2O3-B2O3-SiO2系微晶釉的制备

通过引入B2O3以降低烧成温度,利用赤泥中的Fe2O3为着色剂,在1150℃左右低温烧成制备了CaO-MgO-Al2O3-Fe2O3-B2O3-SiO2系微晶釉.赤泥的加入量为20;左右时,釉面具有良好的装饰效果和显微硬度.利用XRD、SEM研究了釉的物相及显微组织.结果表明,釉中析出的微晶是普通辉石,微晶的含量随MgO及CaO的含量增加而增加,而提高Al2O3含量则抑制微晶的析出.