RLPG点火及冷态喷射过程研究

报道了再生式液体发射药火炮 (RLPG)点火及模拟工质冷态喷射过程的实验结果 ,定量测试了燃烧室、贮液室压力曲线。实验表明 ,采用液体阻尼可以有效减弱点火过程中的压力振荡。针对点火喷射过程建立了数学物理模型 ,并进行了相应数值模拟 ,计算值和实验数据吻合较好。研究结果对深入分析再生式液体发射药火炮内弹道循环有指导意义和参考价值。     

含能液滴间相互作用对着火、燃烧过程的影响

在控制再生式液体发射药火炮燃烧稳定性的背景下，采用挂滴装置和高速摄影系统开展了 ＨＡＮ基液体发射药 ＬＰ１８４６液滴组内部相互作用对着火、燃烧过程影响的研究。观测了液满间相互作用对它们所经历的四个特征过程的影响。定量测试液滴组平均着火延迟期、着火温度等特性参数与环境温度和液滴中心间距的关系。实验发现:在一定条件下，液滴组将出现聚并现象。最后．建立了一个工程简化模型，理论计算与实验数据吻合较好。这个工作对控制燃烧稳定性和抑制压力振荡有一定的指导意义。     

贮液容器水动弹性分析的伽辽金有限元——自由界面模态综合方法

本文提出一种计算弹性容器——有自由面贮液流固耦合系统的固有振动模态和液体动压力、自由液面位移及容器弹性变形对地震等激励的响应的伽辽金有限元——自由界面模态综合方法,着重处理旋成贮液容器的水动弹性问题。该方法计及全部流固动力耦合效应,但显著压缩了计算规模,计算结果与试验符合得很好。当需要在多种贮液深度进行贮液容器的水动弹性分析时,本方法尤其经济有效。     

充液矩形贮箱弹性箱底板应力与变形分析

基于相容拉格朗日-欧拉法,通过对流场与弹性固体间流固耦合作用的分析,得到了矩形贮箱弹性底板流固耦合系统的自由振动微分方程。将伯努利方程与外加激励条件、速度势函数耦合到自由振动方程中,采用迦辽金积分法,给出了矩形贮箱在流体作用下的应力与变形的解析解。讨论了弹性底板的抗弯刚度、结构尺寸、底板材料参数及流体深度等因素对底板应力与变形的影响。研究结果表明:在液体晃动非线性激励作用下,贮箱底板的应力和变形随着液体深度、板长的增大而增大,随着板厚的减小而增大,且成非线性变化关系;底板的变形及应力与底板的材料常数相关,其中板厚的变化对其变形和应力影响要比板长及液体深度的影响显著得多。本文结果可为工程实际中矩形贮箱的设计提供参考。     

充液系统液体-多体耦合动力响应分析

提出了充液系统的液体-多体耦合力学模型，基于ALE有限元法和多体系统动力学理论，发展了液体-多体耦合动力响应分析的一种有效方法. 对于液体子系统，将其运动分解为随同贮箱的大位移运动和相对贮箱的大幅晃动，引入贮箱固连参考系中的任意拉格朗日-欧拉(ALE)运动学描述，建立了贮箱固连非惯性参考系中液体的ALE有限元方程，对液体有限元方程的缩聚大大减少了液体子系统的计算规模. 为了计及液体阻尼的影响，引入了液体修正的Rayleigh阻尼，避免了伪阻尼力的出现. 对于多体子系统，应用多体系统动力学理论建立动力学方程. 在此基础上详细导出了液体-多体耦合动力学方程，并采用预估-多重校正算法(PMA)和时间步长控制算法进行迭代求解，既保证了迭代收敛，又提高了计算效率. 所给算例成功求解了液体运输车辆系统的液体-多体耦合动力响应，深入分析了有关参数对系统动力响应的影响，获得了一些结论.     

贮液椭圆筒在水中的横向自由振动

本文研究贮液椭圆筒在水中的横向自由振动问题,给出了贮液椭圆筒在水中横向自由振动的振型函数和固有频率的精确计算公式,结果可由计算机解出。同时指出,内外液体对椭圆筒振动的影响等效一附着于筒体上的广义分布质量.     

生物芯片压电微流体泵液-固耦合系统模态分析

对压电微流体泵粘性流体周期流动进行厚度积分平均近似,得到包含粘性的,非线性浅水波动方程,并采用有限元法得到微泵液体压强矩阵方程．液体压强矩阵方程和压电硅片振动有限元方程耦合,得到一个包含微泵进出口扩散管的液-固耦合系统振动方程．液-固耦合系统的模态分析结果表明,做泵液-固耦合系统的自然频率比不耦合的硅片振动自然频率低很多．随着微泵厚度的减少,液体附加质量和粘性阻尼对耦合系统自然频率的影响更加明显．同时发现,对应的压电片振型函数在液-固耦合前后没有明显变化,还给出硅片-阶模态的振幅-频率特征曲线,对薄型无阀压电微流体泵,浅水波模型合理地表达了微泵液体流动和压电硅片振动的相互作用,以及液体附加质量和粘性阻尼对微泵液-固耦合系统动力特征的影响。     

面向对象的土石坝参数随机反演程序设计

将储液容器流固耦合系统中的液体和容器分别视为理想可压缩流体和线弹 性固体，采用流体压力单元和固体壳单元对流固耦合系统进行有限元离散，得到一个非对称 的大型流固耦合有限元方程. 采用Arnoldi方法求解上面这个大型有限元方程的非对称特征 值问题，以得到储液容器的动力特性. 通过移频技术避免了处理零频问题，并构造了迭代格 式计算Arnoldi向量. 数值算例表明所用解法对于流固耦合系统都是非常有效的.     

钢筋混凝土矩形贮液结构的海固耦合晃动——弹性底板

针对小幅晃动的理想液体,根据钢筋混凝土矩形贮液结构的液-固耦合振动模型和数理方程理论,推导了结构内液体的速度势函数。针对winkler弹性地基的情况,应用能量原理推导了钢筋混凝土矩形贮液结构液-固耦合晃动频率的计算公式。为便于工程应用,给出了钢筋混凝土矩形贮液结构液-固耦合晃动基本频率的计算公式。结合数值算例,讨论了混凝土弹性模量、基床系数、液体密度和底板的相对厚度等对钢筋混凝土矩形贮液结构液-固耦合晃动基本频率的影响,从而为以后工程结构中钢筋混凝土矩形贮液结构的设计计算提供了理论依据。     

液体晃动等效力学模型的参数识别

本文研究确定贮箱内液体晃动等效力学模型的参数的试验方法。通过对充液贮箱试验系统的简化分析得到系统的传递函数表达式,应用频响函数拟合方法得到了模型参数,在曲线拟合过程中利用权函数解决液体晃动的非线性影响因素。应用本文所述方法研究了某型号卫星推进剂贮箱的液体晃动问题。     

Flow-induced flutter instability of cantilever carbon nanotubes

Carbon nanotubes are finding significant application to nanofluidic devices. This work studies the influence of internal moving fluid on free vibration and flow-induced flutter instability of cantilever carbon nanotubes based on a continuum elastic model. Since the flow-induced vibration of cantilever pipes is non-conservative in nature, cantilever carbon nanotubes conveying fluid are damped with decaying amplitude for flow velocity below a certain critical value. Beyond this critical flow velocity, flutter instability occurs and vibration becomes amplified with growing amplitude. Our results indicate that internal moving fluid substantially affects vibrational frequencies and the decaying rate of amplitude especially for longer cantilever carbon nanotubes of larger innermost radius at higher flow velocity, and the critical flow velocity for flutter instability in some cases may fall within the practical range. On the other hand, a moderately stiff surrounding elastic medium (such as polymers) can significantly suppress the effect of internal moving fluid on vibrational frequencies and suppress or eliminate flutter instability within the practical range of flow velocity.     

温度场作用下输流悬臂碳纳米管的颤振失稳分析

以非局部弹性理论为基础,采用欧拉-伯努利梁模型,考虑碳纳米管的小尺度效应,应用哈密顿原理获得了温度场作用下的输流悬臂单层碳纳米管（SWCNT）的振动控制方程以及边界条件,依靠微分变换法（DTM法）对此高阶偏微分方程进行求解,通过数值计算研究了温度场中悬臂单层输流碳纳米管的振动与颤振失稳问题。结果表明：管内流体流速、温度场中温度变化情况与小尺度参数都会对系统振动频率以及颤振失稳临界流速产生影响。其中,小尺度效应将会降低悬臂输流系统的稳定性,使系统更为柔软;而高温场与低温场对系统动态失稳的影响不同,低温场中随温度变化值的增加,系统的稳定性提高;高温场这一作用效果恰好与之相反。     

Grid‐free surface vorticity method applied to flow induced vibration of flexible cylinders

In order to study cross flow induced vibration of heat exchanger tube bundles, a new fluid–structure interaction model based on surface vorticity method is proposed. With this model, the vibration of a flexible cylinder is simulated at Re=2.67 × 10⁴, the computational results of the cylinder response, the fluid force, the vibration frequency, and the vorticity map are presented. The numerical results reproduce the amplitude‐limiting and non‐linear (lock‐in) characteristics of flow‐induced vibration. The maximum vibration amplitude as well as its corresponding lock‐in frequency is in good agreement with experimental results. The amplitude of vibration can be as high as 0.88D for the case investigated. As vibration amplitude increases, the amplitude of the lift force also increases. With enhancement of vibration amplitude, the vortex pattern in the near wake changes significantly. This fluid–structure interaction model is further applied to simulate flow‐induced vibration of two tandem cylinders and two side‐by‐side cylinders at similar Reynolds number. Promising and reasonable results and predictions are obtained. It is hopeful that with this relatively simple and computer time saving method, flow induced vibration of a large number of flexible tube bundles can be successfully simulated. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Asymmetric vibration effect on the flow of a thin layer of a viscoplastic fluid

The gravity field and vibration effect on the flow of a viscoplastic fluid layer along an inclined solid surface is investigated. The rheological properties of the fluid are described using the Williamson equation. The vibrations are shown to have a considerable effect on the fluid layer flow intensity and direction; in particular, they generate a considerable mean fluid flow even in the cases in which the fluid is at rest in the absence of the vibrations.     

Structure of Averaged Flow Driven by a Vibrating Body with a Large-Curvature Edge

The averaged viscous incompressible fluid flow driven by a vibrating body with a large-curvature edge is investigated experimentally and numerically. The case of an axisymmetric body immersed in fluid and performing translational vibrations along its axis is considered. Experiments carried out on fluids of various viscosity over a wide vibration frequency and amplitude range and direct numerical calculations based on the complete time-dependent equations of viscous fluid dynamics show that the global structure of the averaged flow significantly depends on the relation between the curvature radius of the body edge and the viscous skin-layer thickness. Different averaged flow regimes are detected and the flow restructuring process is investigated as a function of the vibration amplitude and frequency.     

Effect of internal flow on vortex-induced vibration of risers

Although there are many studies dedicated to the problem of vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of marine risers, VIV experiments with internally flowing fluid have not been carried out before. In order to investigate this area, the present experiment with an internally flowing fluid and external current was designed. The riser was towed in the water flume with varying internal flow speeds. The tests in still water and in a current were conducted successfully. Various measurements were obtained including the frequency responses and the time-domain tracing of in-line and cross-flow responses. The experimental results exhibit several valuable features. First, with an increase in internal flow speed, the response amplitude increases while the vibration frequency decreases. Secondly, internally flowing fluid lessens the correlation of the vibration between different sections. In addition, by plotting both in-line strain and cross-flow strain simultaneously, a figure-of-eight for bending strain is also observed, and the trajectories in different cycles are more concordant with the increase of internal flow speed.     

Internal resonance of pipes conveying fluid in the supercritical regime

This paper treats nonlinear vibration of pipes conveying fluid in the supercritical regime. If the flow speed is larger than the critical value, the straight equilibrium configuration becomes unstable and bifurcates into two possible curved equilibrium configurations. The paper focuses on the nonlinear vibration around each bifurcated equilibrium. The disturbance equation is derived from the governing equation, a nonlinear integro-partial-differential equation, via a coordinate transform. The Galerkin method is applied to truncate the disturbance equation into a two-degree-of-freedom gyroscopic systems with weak nonlinear perturbations. The internal resonance may occur under the certain condition of the supercritical flow speed for the suitable ratio of mass per unit length of pipe and that of fluid. The method of multiple scales is applied to obtain the relationship between the amplitudes in the two resonant modes. The time histories predicted by the analytical method are compared with the numerical ones and the comparisons validate the analytical results when the nonlinear terms are small.     

基于多孔弹性模型的脊椎关节生物力学特性和体液流动特性研究

建立了L4/L5段人体腰椎关节的非线性多孔弹性有限元模型,并对其施加1000N振动载荷1h,考察在不同的振动频率(1Hz、4Hz、8Hz、11.5Hz、15Hz)下腰椎关节的变形、应力分布和体液流动情况;并对不同频率作用下脊椎组织的生物力学特性进行了对比分析。结果表明,在不同频率振动载荷下,脊椎模型的应力分配、体液流量都呈现与振动载荷不同的周期性波动变化。振动载荷频率等于腰椎关节的固有频率11.5Hz时,椎间盘应力分配和体液流量波动的幅值最短;而振动频率为4Hz、8Hz、15Hz时各项指标波动的幅值比11.5Hz时小。振动过程中,椎间盘内外压力梯度的变化引起体液的流动,振动时间越长,总流失量越大。     

磁场对不同温度场中输流悬臂碳纳米管动态特性的影响

本文在采用经典欧拉-伯努利梁模型的基础上,引入考虑小尺度效应的非局部弹性理论,着重研究不同温度场中输流悬臂单层碳纳米管系统（SWCNT）在外加纵向磁场作用下的颤振失稳问题。基于哈密顿原理获得了该流固耦合系统的振动控制方程及相应的边界条件,应用微分变换法（DTM法）求解此高阶偏微分方程,通过数值计算研究了不同温度场中施加纵向磁场对系统动力学特性的影响。结果表明：施加纵向磁场在不同温度场中都将增强输流悬臂碳纳米管的动态稳定性。然而,这种增强程度却与温度场的变化量有关,在不同温度变化量下,磁场对系统稳定性的增强程度有一个峰值,这意味着,实际应用中,为了提高这类流固耦合系统的动态稳定性,一味提高纵向磁场强度并不可取。     

Free vibrations of an anisotropic cylindrical fiberglass shell reinforced by annular ribs and containing fluid flow

This paper presents the results of determining the free vibration frequency of a structurally anisotropic, cylindrical fiberglass shell reinforced by annular ribs and containing flowing fluid. Boundary Navier conditions are imposed on the ends of the shell. Natural vibration frequencies are calculated as dependences of the frequency on the fiberglass winding angle and fluid flow velocity for different values of the wave formation parameters and the parameters characterizing the geometric dimensions of the shell.