圆锥壳自由振动传递函数解

本文在线性弹性理论基础上，给出了一种求解圆锥薄壳自由振动的渐进传递函数解法，壳体的三个位移分量，外力和边界条件首先沿环向展开的Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ级数，然后关于时间变量进行Ｌａｐｌａｃｅ变换，这样就将壳体的控制方程化为一系列含复参数ｓ的变系数常微分方程组，通过定义状态变量。得到了壳体动力学问题的状态空间控制微分方程，引入一小参数，并利用摄动技术就可以得到微分方程的渐进传递函数解，将各于锥段的解进行综合，     

ANALYTICAL SOLUTION FOR MODE Ⅲ DYNAMIC RUPTURE OF STANDARD LINEAR VISCOELASTIC SOLID WITH NONLINEAR DAMPING

Introducing the nonlinear Rayleigh damping into the governing equation of the Mode Ⅲ dynamic rupture for standard viscoelastic solid, this equation is a partial differential and integral equation. First, eliminating the integral term, a PDE of third-order is obtained. Then, applying the small parameter expansion method, linearized asymptotic governing equation for each order of the small parameter is obtained. Dividing the third-order PDE into an elastic part with known solution, the rest part pertains to viscous effect which is neither a Mathieu equation nor a Hill one. The WKBJ method is still adopted to solve it analytically.     

The Lie-group shooting method for boundary-layer problems with suction/injection/reverse flow conditions for power-law fluids

For power-law fluids we propose a Lie-group shooting method to tackle the boundary-layer problems under a suction/injection as well as a reverse flow boundary conditions. The Crocco transformation is employed to reduce the third-order equation to a second-order ordinary differential equation, and then through a symmetric extension to a boundary value problem with constant boundary conditions, which can be solved numerically by the Lie-group shooting method. However, the resulting equation is singular, which might be difficult to solve, and we propose a technique to overcome the initial impulse caused by the singularity using a very small time-step integration at the first few time steps. Because we can express the missing initial condition through a closed-form formula in terms of the weighting factor r∈(0,1), the Lie-group shooting method is very effective for searching the multiple-solutions of a reverse flow boundary condition.     

随机结构非线性动力响应的概率密度演化分析

提出了随机结构非线性动力响应分析的概率密度演化方法．根据结构动力响应的随机状态方程，利用概率守恒原理，建立了随机结构非线性动力响应的概率密度演化方程．结合Newmark-Beta时程积分方法与Lax-Wendroff差分格式，提出了概率密度演化方程的数值分析方法．通过与Monte Carlo分析方法对比，表明所给出的概率密度演化方法具有良好的计算精度和较小的计算工作量．研究表明：随机结构非线性动力响应概率密度具有典型的演化特征，随着时间增长，概率密度曲线分布趋于复杂．     

Averaging method for the solution of non-linear differential equations with periodic non-harmonic solutions

While Krylov and Bogolyubov used harmonic functions in their averaging method for the approximate solution of weakly non-linear differential equations with oscillatory solution, we apply a similar averaging technique using Jacobi elliptic functions. These functions are also periodic and are exact solutions of strongly non-linear differential equations. The method is used to solve non-linear differential equations with linear and non-linear small dissipative terms and/or with time dependent parameters. It is also shown that quite general dissipative terms can be transformed into time-dependent parameters. As a special example, the Langevin (collisional) equation of motion of electrons in a neutralizing ion background under the influence of a time and space-dependent electric field is presented. The method may also be used for non-linear control theory, dynamic and parametric stabilization of non-linear oscillations in plasma physics, etc.     

AN ANALYTICAL SOLUTION OF TRANSVERSE VIBRATION OF RECTANGULAR PLATES SIMPLY SUPPORTED AT TWO OPPOSITE EDGES WITH ARBITRARY NUMBER OF ELASTIC LINE SUPPORTS IN ONE WAY

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电场驱动射流的弯曲失稳分析

本文对电场驱动射流弯曲问题的动力模型作了理论推导和数值分析.在假定射流具有牛顿粘性并作一维流动的基础上,建立了射流运动的控制方程,采用此方程来研究当带电流体穿过电场时受小扰动而产生的失稳现象.将方程无量纲化后,利用简正模态法对控制方程进行了稳定性分析,而后采用伽辽金法求解方程.结果表明,外电场增强、表面电荷量进一步增多(电荷量较大时)、射流轴向流速增大(其值较大时)、射流半径减小以及电荷的分布不均匀性增大,都可以显著增强射流的短波不稳定性;射流偶数阶频率导致了不稳定性,而且阶数越高,不稳定性增长得越快;频率具有虚部,意味着模态中相差的存在;并且射流在短时问内会失去稳定性.     

Comparison of Iterative Methods for Improved Solutions of the Fluid Flow Equation in Partially Saturated Porous Media

Abstract. The Picard and modified Picard iteration schemes are often used to numerically solve the nonlinear Richards equation governing water flow in variably saturated porous media. While these methods are easy to implement, they are only linearly convergent. Another approach to solve the Richards equation is to use Newton's iterative method. This method, also known as Newton–Raphson iteration, is quadratically convergent and requires the computation of first derivatives. We implemented Newton's scheme into the mixed form of the Richards equation. As compared to the modified Picard scheme, Newton's scheme requires two additional matrices when the mixed form of the Richards equation is used and requires three additional matrices, when the pressure head-based form is used. The modified Picard scheme may actually be viewed as a simplified Newton scheme.Two examples are used to investigate the numerical performance of different forms of the 1D vertical Richards equation and the different iterative solution schemes. In the first example, we simulate infiltration in a homogeneous dry porous medium by solving both, the h based and mixed forms of Richards equation using the modified Picard and Newton schemes. Results shows that, very small time steps are required to obtain an accurate mass balance. These small times steps make the Newton method less attractive.In a second test problem, we simulate variable inflows and outflows in a heterogeneous dry porous medium by solving the mixed form of the Richards equation, using the modified Picard and Newton schemes. Analytical computation of the Jacobian required less CPU time than its computation by perturbation. A combination of the modified Picard and Newton scheme was found to be more efficient than the modified Picard or Newton scheme.     

Godunov–mixed methods for immiscible displacement

The immiscible displacement problem in reservoir engineering can be formulated as a system of partial differential equations which includes an elliptic pressure–velocity equation and a degenerate parabolic saturation equation. We apply a sequential numerical scheme to this problem where time splitting is used to solve the saturation equation. In this procedure one approximates advection by a higher-order Godunov method and diffusion by a mixed finite element method. Numerical results for this scheme applied to gas–oil centrifuge experiments are given.     

An approximate method for determing the velocity profile in a laminar boundary-layer on flat plate

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小波插值方法自适应数值求解时间进化微分方程

应用小波自相关函数的插值性质,得到任意给定函数的插值小波表达式,然后对其直接求导,可以得到函数导数的表达式。导数运算不再应用差分算法,扩展了小波方法在数值求解微分方程中的应用。由于小波基函数的有限支撑特点,小波方法可以有效地处理微分方程中解的局部突变问题。通过设定小波系数阀值,实现了求解过程的自适应。本文给出了两个算例,结果表明了算法的自适应特点及其向二维空间问题推广的有效性。     

Finite volume solution of the Navier–Stokes equations in velocity–vorticity formulation

For the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations, vorticity‐based formulations have many attractive features over primitive‐variable velocity–pressure formulations. However, some features interfere with the use of the numerical methods based on the vorticity formulations, one of them being the lack of a boundary conditions on vorticity. In this paper, a novel approach is presented to solve the velocity–vorticity integro‐differential formulations. The general numerical method is based on standard finite volume scheme. The velocities needed at the vertexes of each control volume are calculated by a so‐called generalized Biot–Savart formula combined with a fast summation algorithm, which makes the velocity boundary conditions implicitly satisfied by maintaining the kinematic compatibility of the velocity and vorticity fields. The well‐known fractional step approaches are used to solve the vorticity transport equation. The paper describes in detail how we accurately impose no normal‐flow and no tangential‐flow boundary conditions. We impose a no‐flux boundary condition on solid objects by the introduction of a proper amount of vorticity at wall. The diffusion term in the transport equation is treated implicitly using a conservative finite update. The diffusive fluxes of vorticity into flow domain from solid boundaries are determined by an iterative process in order to satisfy the no tangential‐flow boundary condition. As application examples, the impulsively started flows through a flat plate and a circular cylinder are computed using the method. The present results are compared with the analytical solution and other numerical results and show good agreement. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

变厚度板弯曲的边界元分析法

由于变厚度板弯曲问题的控制分方程复杂，直接求解其基本解推导边界积分方程建立边界元分析法较为困难，本文通过引入等效荷载，等效刚度，将此问题的控制微分方程化成与普通薄板弯曲问题基本方程相同的形式，利用求解通板弯曲问题的边界元迭代求解，建立了分析变厚度板弯曲问题的蛤法，算例表明本方法理正确，精度良好。     

The Transient Flow Analysis of Fluid in a Fractal, Double-Porosity Reservoir

The mathematical model for transient fluid flow in porous media is based in general on mass conservation principle. Because of the small compressibility of formation fluid, the quadratic term of pressure gradient is always ignored to linearize the non-linear diffusion equation. This may result in significant errors in model prediction, especially at large time scale. In order to solve this problem, it may be necessary to keep the quadratic term in the non-linear equations. In our study, the quadratic term is reserved to fully describe the transient fluid flow. Based on this rigorous treatment, the mathematical models are established to analyze the transient flow behavior in a double porosity, fractal reservoir with spherical and cylindrical matrix. In addition, Laplace transformation method is employed to solve these mathematical models and the type curves are provided to analyze the pressure transient characteristics. This study indicates that the relative errors in calculated pressure caused by ignoring the quadratic term may amount to 10?% in a fractal reservoir with double porosity, which can??t be neglected in general for fractal reservoirs with double porosity at large time scale.     

非线性振动的一个新的渐近解法

本文在渐近法的基础上，引进谐波平衡思想，得到了一个新的渐近解法。与传统方法相比，应用本文方法求渐近解，不必解微分方程和依靠消除永年项建立补充工程，而是将求解过程转化为一系列的代数运算。因此，本文解法便于手算，更有利于用计算机计算高阶近似。     

NONLINEAR DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF PRE-DEFORMED BLADE WITH VARIABLE ROTATIONAL SPEED UNDER 2:1 INTERNAL RESONANCE$^{\bf 1)}$

在工程实际中,涡轮机叶片的转速在很多应用场景下不是一个定常值,比如发动机在启动、变速、停机等工况下,转子输入与输出功率失衡,伴随产生扭振,产生速度脉冲. 另外,由于服役环境、安装误差等因素会引起叶片在所难免的预变形. 本文主要研究预变形叶片,在变转速条件下的非线性动力学行为. 考虑叶片转速由一定常转速和一简谐变化的微小扰动叠加而成. 应用拉格朗日原理得到变转速叶片的动力学控制方程,并采用假设模态法将偏微分方程转为常微分方程,通过引入无量纲,使方程更具有一般性. 运用多尺度方法求解了该参激振动系统,得到了在 2:1 内共振情形下的平均方程,进而获得系统的稳态响应. 详细研究温度梯度、阻尼以及转速扰动幅值等系统参数对叶片动力学响应的影响规律,同时考察了立方项在 2:1 内共振下对方程的影响. 对原动力方程进行正向、反向扫频积分来观察其跳跃现象,并对解析解进行验证. 结果发现参数的变化对叶片均有不同程度影响,在 2:1 内共振下立方项对系统响应的影响很小,解析解与数值解吻合很好.     

变分迭代算法：一种新的非线性分析方法

本文提出了求解非线性方程的一种新方法－变分迭代算法，这种方法的基本特点是：给定一个近似解（可以包含待定常数）然后用拉氏乘子来校正其近似解，拉氏乘子可用变分的概念最佳确定，这种方法不受小参数的限制，具有很大的应用前景，本文详细介绍了这种方法，并得到了Ｄｕｆｆｉｎｇ方程的两个新的近似解。     

Multi-symplectic method for generalized Boussinesq equation

The generalized Boussinesq equation that represents a group of important nonlinear equations possesses many interesting properties. Multi-symplectic formulations of the generalized Boussinesq equation in the Hamilton space are introduced in this paper. And then an implicit multi-symplectic scheme equivalent to the multi-symplectic Box scheme is constructed to solve the partial differential equations （PDEs） derived from the generalized Boussinesq equation. Finally, the numerical experiments on the soliton solutions of the generalized Boussinesq equation are reported. The results show that the multi-symplectic method is an efficient algorithm with excellent long-time numerical behaviors for nonlinear partial differential equations.     

一种动力响应混合快速分析方法及其在功能梯度材料板瞬态响应分析中的应用

提出了一种把减基法嵌套在Newmark法中快速求解动力问题的混合算法.这种算法把Newmark法作为动力问题的基本求解器.而在嵌套减基法时,把参数样本空间对应的解集做成一个训练空间,采用贪婪算法进行减基空间基向量的自适应选取,进而由减基空间得到减缩系统.通过求解减缩系统对应的Newmark增量式来达到快速求解动力问题的目的.最后采用了一个无限大的功能梯度材料板的瞬态响应分析来验证文中方法的高效性和精确性.     

迭代图胞映射方法的快速生成实现

在迭代图胞映射方法的框架下,基于摄动微分多项式的思想讨论了常微分方程的快速求解,将所得结果与迭代图胞映射方法有机结合,有效地解决了迭代图胞映射动力系统的快速生成问题,克服了微分方程动力系统生成迭代图胞映射系统过程中耗时较多、效率低下的不足,大大提高了计算效率。通过对典型非线性系统——杜芬方程的应用分析,证实了该方法的有...