失谐周期结构中弹性波与振动的局部化

基于弹性波传递矩阵方法，研究了失谐周期结构中弹性波与振动的局部化问题．给出了结构中弹性波传递矩阵的一般表达式，采用奇异值分解方法，分别计算了谐和与失谐周期结构中的局部化因子，并对其进行了分析讨论．对周期结构中波传播与振动局部化的分析方法可用于结构的优化设计．     

失谐周期弹性支撑多跨梁中的波动局部化

分析研究了失谐周期弹性支撑多跨梁中的波动局部化问题,采用传递矩阵方法给出了系统的传递矩阵,采用Wolf提出的计算Lyapunov指数的方法,确定了局部化因子,作为算例,给出了结构中局部化因子的数值结果,分析了跨长的失谐程度、线弹簧和抗弯弹簧的无量纲刚度对弹性波局部化的影响。     

一维磁电弹准周期结构带隙特性的研究

采用传递矩阵方法,研究了横波(SV波)垂直入射时压电/（弹性/压磁）和（压电/弹性）/压磁两种Fibonacci准周期结构的频带特性,通过计算局部化因子和位移透射系数,数值揭示了此两种Fibonacci准周期结构频带特性的差异以及与相应理想周期结构频带特性的不同,而且表明（压电/弹性）/压磁Fibonacci准周期结构的频带特性与纯弹性材料Fibonacci准周期结构的频带特性是相似的。     

一维格子结构动力分析的传递矩阵法

本文将传递矩阵法推广应用于分析一维格子结构的波传播和动力响应特性。一个格子结构的元件可分为主元件和次元件,传递矩阵沿主元件形成并考虑次元件的作用。文中通过例子说明形成一个周期单元传递矩阵的方法,指出利用传递矩阵计算无限或半无限长格子结构波传播的传播常数及有限长格子结构固有频率和频率响应函数的方法。作为数例,文中计算了一维平面格子结构的传播常数和频率响应函数。     

各向异性展状介质中弹性波的传播矩阵解法

基于广义胡克定律及混和变量弹性波方程，解析求得各层介质内位移、应力传递矩阵，给出了直角坐标系下各向异性层状介质中弹性波的传播矩阵解法．该方法适用于非轴对称各向异性和点源作用，较好地解决了数值计算中有效数字精度损失问题．数值结果表明，计算效率、准确性及稳定性均较好．     

周期弹性支承管的稳定性研究

运用传递矩阵方法得到了周期弹性支承载流管的传播常数,利用传播常数确定失稳的临界状态,进而对稳定性进行了研究。结果表明：周期弹性支承管结构的静力型失稳与杆的轴压失稳情况相似,等效的轴向压力由无量纲化的流体流速和流体压力确定。弹性支座的线刚度和转角刚度之间须满足一定的匹配关系才能使结构得到相应较高的临界的等效压力。     

非均匀损伤介质中波传播的数值解

对弹性波在非均匀损伤介质中的传播理论进行了研究。通过将非均匀损伤区域离散成分层均匀的区域，结合相邻区域交界面处的连续条件，推导出了以右行波、左行波为状态向量的波动方程和传递矩阵。对几种非均匀损伤介质中波的传播进行了实例数值计算，并和其解析解的结果进行了比较，讨论了弹性波在非均匀损伤介质中传播的一般性质。     

阶梯压电层合梁的波动动力学特性

采用行波理论系统地研究了压电阶梯梁的自由振动分析以及强迫响应的分析方法. 基于分布 参数理论研究了压电阶梯梁的波传播特性，忽略柔性梁横向剪切和转动惯量的影响，给出了 梁的轴向和横向的简谐波解. 将压电阶梯梁离散化为单元，考虑压电片的刚度和质量的影响， 建立了节点散射模型. 应用位移连续和力平衡条件，推导了节点的波反射和波传递矩阵，在 此基础上，引入波循环矩阵的概念，给出波循环矩阵、波传递系数矩阵的确定方法. 应用波 循环矩阵可以有效地计算结构的固有频率. 另外，应用波传递系数研究了压电陶瓷作动器位 置对其驱动能力的影响. 得出两个主要结论：1)作动器靠近悬臂梁固定端将有较强的驱动 能力，悬臂梁边界反射行波产生弯曲消失波有利于增大压电波的模态传递系数；2)模态传 递系数与固有频率的灵敏度密切相关，波传递系数越大, 对应该处固有频率变化灵敏度越大. 另外，数值算例表明了行波方法比有限元方法具有更高的计算精度.     

基于人工弹簧模型的周期结构带隙计算方法研究

能量法具有将求解微分方程边值问题转化为泛函极值问题的优点,故而在结构动力学分析中被广泛使用, 近年来也被引入到周期结构带隙计算中. 然而,由于周期结构边界条件相对复杂,采用传统能量法(如Rayleigh-Ritz法)分析时位移函数构造难度大;且由于位移函数中包含波数项,扫描波数计算带隙的过程中质量、刚度矩阵需不断重算, 导致计算量较大. 鉴于此,本文对传统能量法进行改进,通过引入人工弹簧来模拟包含周期边界在内的各类边界条件,可将边界约束转化为人工弹簧的弹性势能,故而各能量分部中仅有周期边界弹性势能包含波数项,扫描波数时仅需重新计算与其对应的刚度矩阵,其余的质量、刚度矩阵只需要计算一次, 继而显著降低了计算量. 研究结果表明,本文方法准确、可靠, 且相较于传统能量法, 本文方法的计算效率更高,随着结构质量、刚度矩阵的维度增大, 或者扫描波数点数的增多,本文方法计算效率优势更加明显. 此外, 人工弹簧模型使用灵活、便捷,可进一步地拓展到更为复杂的周期性组合结构带隙分析中.      

周期结构后屈曲新算法及其应用

提出了周期结构后屈曲分析的一种新算法。在屈曲点附近,通过加载模型和诱导后屈曲边值问题之间的相互切换,避开屈曲点附近刚度矩阵的奇异性,并诱导结构产生预期的后屈曲变形,避免了以往后屈曲算法中引入几何初始缺陷后对系统带来的可能影响。通过对三种由超弹性材料所构成的周期孔隙结构的后屈曲分析,验证了本文所提出的后屈曲算法的有效性和灵活性。分析了周期孔隙材料多向加载对屈曲模式转换的影响,以及后屈曲变形对弹性波传播带隙的影响,为周期结构中弹性波传播的调控提供良好的基础。     

WAVE LOCALIZATION IN RANDOMLY DISORDERED PERIODIC PIEZOELECTRIC RODS

The wave propagation in periodic and disordered periodic piezoelectric rods is studied in this paper. The transfer matrix between two consecutive unit cells is obtained according to the continuity conditions. The electromechanical coupling of piezoelectric materials is considered. According to the theory of matrix eigenvalues, the frequency bands in periodic structures are studied. Moreover, by introducing disorder in both the dimensionless length and elastic constants of the piezoelectric ceramics, the wave localization in disordered periodic structures is also studied by using the matrix eigenvalue method and Lyapunov exponent method. It is found that tuned periodic structures have the frequency passbands and stopbands and localization phenomenon can occur in mistuned periodic structures. Furthermore, owing to the effect of piezoelectricity, the frequency regions for waves that cannot propagate through the structures are slightly increased with the increase of the piezoelectric constant.     

SUPPRESSION OF BENDING WAVES IN A PERIODIC BEAM WITH TIMOSHENKO BEAM THEORY

Active control of bending waves in a periodic beam by the Timoshenko beam theory is concerned. A discussion about the possible wave solutions for periodic beams and their control by forces is presented. Wave propagation in a periodic beam is studied. The transfer matrix between two consecutive unit cells is obtained based on the continuity conditions. Wave amplitudes are derived by employing the Bloch-Floquet theorem and the transfer matrix. The influences of the propagating constant on the wave amplitudes are considered. It is shown that vibrations are still needed to be suppressed in the pass-band regions. Wave-suppression strategy described in this paper is employed to eliminate the propagating disturbance of an infinite periodic beam. A minimum wave-suppression strategy is compared with the classical wave-suppression strategy.     

Wave localization in a disordered periodic viaduct undergoing out-of-plane vibration

In this contribution, wave localization in a disordered periodic viaduct (DPV) undergoing out-of-plane vibration is investigated. The DPV is assumed to be composed of infinite spans with each span deviating from the standard span slightly. Each span is supposed to be composed of two longitudinal beams and a pier linked by three springs. By using the governing equations for the pier and beams as well as the joint conditions at the beam-beam-pier junction, the transfer matrix for each span of the viaduct undergoing out-of-plane vibration is derived. Based on the derived transfer matrix for each span, the wave transfer matrices for the spans of the DPV are obtained. According to the Wolf’s algorithm, the Lyapunov exponents for the wave motion of the DPV are calculated. With the proposed model, the influences of the pier-height and beam-length disorders on the wave localization are examined. Also, the interactive effect of the damping and disorders on the wave localization in the DPV is investigated. Moreover, by the wave transfer matrix method, the wave conversion phenomenon in the DPV is studied.     

Waves, normal modes and frequencies in periodic and near-periodic rods. Part II

A systematic approach to the study of normal modes and frequencies of disordered periodic rods is presented within a new transfer matrix framework proposed earlier by the authors. The normal frequency structure and mode localization of multiply-disorder periodic rods are investigated. The Monte Carlo and the perturbation method are applied to study the effects of material parameter uncertainties on normal modes and frequencies of randomly-disordered periodic rods. Some intricate aspects are investigated statistically, and it is shown that for this strongly-coupled elastic system, multiple and/or random disorders lead to more localized modes in or near stop-bands in a more complex way. In addition, high frequency wave localization is a typical feature of such a strongly-coupled but randomly-disordered periodic rod system.     

Band structure properties of elastic waves propagating in the nanoscaled nearly periodic layered phononic crystals

The localization factor is used to describe the band structures for P wave propagating normally in the nanoscaled nearly periodic layered phononic crystals. The localization factor is calculated by the transfer matrix method based on the nonlocal elastic continuum theory.Three kinds of nearly periodic arrangements are concerned, i.e., random disorder, quasiperiodicity and defects. The influences of randomly disordered degree of the sub-layer's thickness and mass density, the arrangement of quasi-periodicity and the location of defect on the band structures and cut-off frequency are analyzed in detail.     

Study on wave localization in disordered periodic layered piezoelectric composite structures

The two-dimensional wave propagation and localization in disordered periodic layered 2-2 piezoelectric composite structures are studied by considering the mechanic-electric coupling. The transfer matrix between two consecutive sub-layers is obtained based on the continuity conditions. Regarding the variables of mechanical and electrical fields as the elements of the state vector, the expression of the localization factors in disordered periodic layered piezoelectric composite structures is derived. Numerical results are presented for two cases—disorder of the thickness of the polymers and disorder of the piezoelectric and elastic constants of the piezoelectric ceramics. The results show that due to the piezoelectric effects, the characteristics of the wave localization in disordered periodic layered piezoelectric composite structures are different from those in disordered periodic layered purely elastic ones. The wave localization is strengthened due to the piezoelectricity. And the larger the piezoelectric constant is, the larger the wave localization factors are. It is found that slight disorder in the piezoelectric or elastic constants of the piezoelectric ceramics can lead to more prominent localization phenomenon.     

WAVE LOCALIZATION IN RANDOMLY DISORDERED PERIODIC PIEZOELECTRIC RODS WITH INITIAL STRESS

The elastic wave localization in disordered periodic piezoelectric rods with initial stress is studied using the transfer matrix and Lyapunov exponent method. The electric field is approximated as quasi-static. The effects of the initial stress on the band gap characteristics are investigated. The numerical calculations of localization factors and localization lengths are performed. It can be observed from the results that the band structures can be tuned by exerting the suitable initial stress. For different values of the piezoelectric rod length and the elastic constant, the band structures and the localization phenomena are very different. Larger disorder degree can lead to more obvious localization phenomenon.     

Transfer matrix approach of vibration isolation analysis of periodic composite structure

The transmission properties of elastic waves propagating in a three-dimensional composite structure embedded periodically with spherical inclusions are analyzed by the transfer matrix method in this paper. Firstly, the periodic composite structures are divided into many layers, the transfer matrix of monolayer structure is deduced by the wave equations, and the transfer matrix of the entire structure is obtained in the case of boundary conditions of displacement and stress continuity between layers. Then, the effective impedance of the structure is analyzed to calculate its reflectivity and transmissivity of vibration isolation. Finally, numerical simulation is carried out; the experiment results validate the accuracy and feasibility of the method adopted in the paper and some useful conclusions are obtained. Project (No. 50075029) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.