具有Homologous变形约束立体桁架的形态分析

本文研究了具有Homologous位移约束的结构形状分析问题。文中第一部分把结点分成三类:表示Homologous变形点(自由度=h),形状可变点(自由度=f)和边界点。然后对于任意的桁架结构给出Homologous参数,n=h+f和m=1+f,引入具有n×m的系数矩阵的基础方程。在第二部分,利用广义逆矩阵导出基础方程的解存在条件。然后建立包含未知结点坐标的非线性方程组,并由Newton-Raphson法进行数值分析,以找出最终形状。最后一部分举了一个三维桁架的例子,以说明该方法的有效性,实用性。     

空间展开折叠桁架结构动力学分析研究

本文以笛卡尔坐标系下节点自然坐标为未知量,建立了桁架结构系的基本运动力学方程,并首次推导出桁架结构中常用节点附加几何约束方程,相应约束Jacobi矩阵及其导数矩阵,采用奇异值分解法求约束Jacobi矩阵的零空间基和M-P广义逆,并由矩阵缩减法建立了带约束桁架体系的运动力学方程和求解方法。数值算例表明该方法适于可展折叠桁架结构运动力学分析。     

可展桁架运动过程动力学模拟

针对可展桁架运动过程分析的算法已经被提出。本文在已有算法的基础上,着重对违约的修正、约束雅可比矩阵的生成、雅可比矩阵的Moore-Penrose广义逆计算进行推导和修正,进一步完善用广义逆方法求解可展桁架运动过程的动力学仿真算法。算例说明了算法的有效性。     

广义增量法在三维扁平桁架结构的弹塑性屈曲分析中的应用

本文利用广义逆矩阵,提出了解决非线性屈曲问题的广义增量法。并用该法分析了非线性荷载-位移关系曲线(其中包括极值点)。最后,给出一数值算例—三维扁平桁架结构的弹塑性屈曲分析,证明了本文方法的正确性和实用性。     

等直杆单元切线刚度矩阵的精确分析方法

为了有效完成大型铰接单层网壳结构的后屈曲分析,本文采用对杆单元杆端力函数求导的方法推导出了等直杆单元切线刚度矩阵的精确形式。该切线刚度矩阵不受结构小变形限制,适用于结构产生任意大结点位移情况。以六角星桁架、平面圆拱桁架和大跨K8单层网壳结构为算例,采用广义位移控制法进行非线性后屈曲分析,其中预测子采用本文杆单元切线刚度矩阵。算例分析结果表明,本文杆单元切线刚度矩阵在大型铰接单层网壳结构的非线性后屈曲分析中有很强的预测能力。     

等直杆单元切线刚度矩阵的精确分析方法

为了有效完成大型铰接单层网壳结构的后屈曲分析,本文采用对杆单元杆端力函数求导的方法推导出了等直杆单元切线刚度矩阵的精确形式。该切线刚度矩阵不受结构小变形限制,适用于结构产生任意大结点位移情况。以六角星桁架、平面圆拱桁架和大跨K8单层网壳结构为算例,采用广义位移控制法进行非线性后屈曲分析,其中预测子采用本文杆单元切线刚度矩阵。算例分析结果表明,本文杆单元切线刚度矩阵在大型铰接单层网壳结构的非线性后屈曲分析中有很强的预测能力。     

桁架结构几何大变形分析的精确方法

以往对桁架结构的大变形非线性分析,都是应用最小势能原理建立关于节点位移的非线性联立平衡方程,求解的工作量大,尤其对多自由度的大型复杂桁架更为突出.为了克服这个困难,本文采用两步交替迭代线性逐步逼近法,使平衡状态与变形状态协调统一,建立并求出变形后的平衡方程及其解.第一步,由已知杆件内力建立计算节点位移的连续方程并求解;第二步,由已知节点位移建立计算杆件内力的平衡方程并求解.通过多次迭代求得平衡状态与变形状态协调统一的非线性大变形分析的精确解.若干例题计算证明,本法是有效、精确的.尤其是对几何大变形桁架结构的优化设计,可将结构分析的迭代过程与优化过程相结合,省去了多次结构重分析的迭代过程,只在一次结构分析的迭代过程中即可完成优化设计,大大节省了时间.本法对扁桁架尤其有用.     

含刚性体可展开结构的展开过程动力学分析方法

在可展结构中设置刚性体可以有效提高展开效率,保证形状精度,因此含刚性体可展结构具有较高的实用价值。刚性体按需要可为刚性曲板等,一般形状复杂且形式多样,含任意形状刚性体可展结构的展开过程动力学分析比较困难。本文以笛卡尔坐标系下节点坐标及位移为变量,利用广义逆矩阵建立了一种通用的刚性体动力学方程,给出了利用Newmark—...     

可展桁架展开过程模拟的违约校正

在 Yoon等学者的基础上 ,利用泰勒级数和 Moore-Penrose广义逆对主动校正法进行了深入、清晰的阐述 ,并针对可展桁架结构展开模拟所遇到的完整定常约束 ,发展了一种简单实用且精度较高的能量和速度违约校正方法。文中给出的算例说明了本文的违约校正算法的有效性     

含刚性体可展开结构的准静态展开分析方法

包含具有一定几何形状刚性连续表面的可展结构可以有效提高展开效率,保证形状精度,具有较高的实用价值.刚性体按需要可为刚性曲板等,一般形状复杂且形式多样,展开分析中描述困难,目前还没有一种通用的处理方法.本文以节点坐标为变量建立一种通用的刚性体运动学方程,将运动学方程引入展开分析之中,利用广义逆矩阵法进行准静态展开过程分析.本文的方法数学描述简洁明快,包含的未知量少,且适用于含任意形状刚性体的可展开结构,数值计算算例验证了方法的有效性.     

A quaternion-based formulation of Euler–Bernoulli beam without singularity

This paper proposes a singularity-free beam element with Euler–Bernoulli assumption, i.e., the cross section remains rigid and perpendicular to the tangent of the centerline during deformation. Each node of this two-nodal beam element has eight nodal coordinates, including three global positions and one normal strain to describe the rigid translation and flexible deformation of the centerline, respectively, four Euler parameters or quaternion to represent the attitude of cross section. Adopting quaternion instead of Eulerian angles as nodal variables avoids the traditionally encountered singularity problem. The rigid cross section assumption is automatically satisfied. To guarantee the perpendicularity of cross section to the deformed neutral axes, the position and orientation coordinates are coupled interpolated by a special method developed here. The proposed beam element allows arbitrary spatial rigid motion, and large bending, extension, and torsion deformation. The resulting governing equations include normalization constraint equations for each quaternion of the beam nodes, and can be directly solved by the available differential algebraic equation (DAE) solvers. Finally, several numerical examples are presented to verify the large deformation, natural frequencies and dynamic behavior of the proposed beam element.     

桁架结构形状与尺寸组合优化

提出了一种渐进优化方法 ,通过分离设计变量 ,分别采用渐进节点移动法和满应力法优化桁架结构的形状和尺寸。通过循环迭代 ,耦合形状和尺寸变量间的相互作用关系 ,以期得到结构的最小重量。结构受到应力、局部稳定和节点位移等多种约束。最优解由初始结构设计渐进得到。该方法的有效性通过二个算例得到证实     

随机杆系结构几何非线性分析的递推求解方法

建立了随机静力作用下考虑几何非线性的随机杆系结构的随机非线性平衡方程. 将和 位移耦合的随机割线弹性模量以及随机响应量表示为非正交多项式展开式，运用传统的摄动方法获 得了关于非正交多项式展式的待定系数的确定性的递推方程. 在求解了待定系数后，利用非 正交多项式展开式和正交多项式展开式的关系矩阵，可以很方便地得到未知响应量的二阶统计矩. 两杆结构和平面桁架拱的算例结果表明，当随机量涨落较大时，递推随机有限元方法比基于 二阶泰勒展开的摄动随机有限元方法更逼近蒙特卡洛模拟结果，显示了该方法对几何非线性 随机问题求解的有效性.     

Nonlinear formulation for flexible multibody system with large deformation

In this paper, nonlinear modeling for flexible multibody system with large deformation is investigated. Absolute nodal coordinates are employed to describe the displacement, and variational motion equations of a flexible body are derived on the basis of the geometric nonlinear theory, in which both the shear strain and the transverse normal strain are taken into account. By separating the inner and the boundary nodal coordinates, the motion equations of a flexible multibody system are assembled. The advantage of such formulation is that the constraint equations and the forward recursive equations become linear because the absolute nodal coordinates are used. A spatial double pendulum connected to the ground with a spherical joint is simulated to investigate the dynamic performance of flexible beams with large deformation. Finally, the resultant constant total energy validates the present formulation. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10472066, 10372057). The English text was polished by Yunming Chen.     

Unsymmetrical nonlinear bending problem of circular thin plate with variable thickness

Introduction Manystructuralelements(pole,plate,shell)withunevenandvariablethicknessarewidely usedinallkindsofengineeringfields.Engineerscansavematerialswhentheydesignbecause theseelementshavebetteroptimizedshapeofstructuralfeature,butthisaddsdifficultytotheanalysisoftheirmechanicalcapability.Manypreviouspapers[1-4]havesolvedtheproblemof symmetricalaxis,butnobodyhassolvedtheunsymmetricalnonlineardeformationproblemof circularthinplatewithvariablethicknessandunsymmetricalaxisuptonow,afewworkonly …     

压电智能桁架的灵敏度分析与优化设计

在压电桁架结构的有限元分析方法基础上，考虑电荷载和机械荷载联合作用的机电耦合效应，给出了压电智能桁架的位移和自振频率对常规尺寸设计变量和形状设计变量的灵敏度计算公式，增加了电压这一类新的设计变量，给出了位移对电压的灵敏度计算方法。在此基础上实现了通过优化压电主动桁架的电压进行变形控制的方法，并在JIFEX软件中实现了压电桁架的灵敏度分析与优化设计。文中给出的数值算例验证了算法和程序的有效性。     

Finite element modeling of contact conditions in multibody system dynamics

In this paper a new method is developed for the dynamic analysis of contact conditions in flexible multibody systems undergoing a rolling type of motion. The relative motion between the two contacting bodies is treated as a constraint condition describing their kinematic and geometric relations. Equations of motion of the system are presented in a matrix form making use of Kane's equations and finite element method. The method developed has been implemented in a general purpose program called DARS and applied to the simulation and analysis of a rotating wheel on a track. Both the bodies are assumed flexible and discretized using a three dimensional 8-noded isoparametric elements. The time variant constraint conditions are imposed on the nodal points located at the peripheral surfaces of the bodies under consideration. The simulation is carried out under two different boundary conditions describing the support of the track. The subsequent constraint forces associated with the generalized coordinates of the system are computed and plotted. The effects of friction are also discussed.     

Fractal patterns from the dynamics of combined polynomial root finding methods

A solid tetrahedral finite element employing the absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF) is presented. In the ANCF, the mass matrix and vector of the generalized gravity forces used in the equations of motion are constant, whereas the vector of the elastic forces is highly nonlinear. The proposed solid element uses translations of nodes as sets of nodal coordinates. The tetrahedral shape of the element makes it suitable for modeling structures with complex shapes, and the small number of the degrees of freedom enables good performance and versatile application to problems of structural dynamics. The accuracy and convergence of the element were investigated using statics and dynamics benchmarks and a practical industry application.     

Dynamic analysis of geometrically nonlinear robot manipulators

In this paper, a method for the dynamic analysis of geometrically nonlinear elastic robot manipulators is presented. Robot arm elasticity is introduced using a finite element method which allows for the gross arm rotations. A shape function which accounts for the combined effects of rotary inertia and shear deformation is employed to describe the arm deformation relative to a selected component reference. Geometric elastic nonlinearities are introduced into the formulation by retaining the quadratic terms in the strain-displacement relationships. This has lead to a new stiffness matrix that depends on the rotary inertia and shear deformation and which has to be iteratively updated during the dynamic simulation. Mechanical joints are introduced into the formulation using a set of nonlinear algebraic constraint equations. A set of independent coordinates is identified over each subinterval and is employed to define the system state equations. In order to exemplify the analysis, a two-armed robot manipulator is solved. In this example, the effect of introducing geometric elastic nonlinearities and inertia nonlinearities on the robot arm kinematics, deformations, joint reaction forces and end-effector trajectory are investigated.