TWO－PHASE FLOW FOR A HORIZONTAL WELL PENETRATING A NATURALLY FRACTURED RESERVOIR WITH EDGE WATER INJECTION

ＴＷＯ－ＰＨＡＳＥＦＬＯＷＦＯＲＡＨＯＲＩＺＯＮＴＡＬＷＥＬＬＰＥＮＥＴＲＡＴＩＮＧＡＮＡＴＵＲＡＬＬＹＦＲＡＣＴＵＲＥＤＲＥＳＥＲＶＯＩＲＷＩＴＨＥＤＧＥＷＡＴＥＲＩＮＪＥＣＴＩＯＮＧｕｏＤａｌｉ（郭大立）ＬｉｕＣｉｑｕｎ（刘慈群）（Ｒｅｃｅｉｖｃ...     

Non-linear vibration of rectangular reticulated shallow shell structures

ＮＯＮ－ＬＩＮＥＡＲＶＩＢＲＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＲＥＣＴＡＮＧＵＬＡＲＲＥＴＩＣＵＬＡＴＥＤＳＨＡＬＬＯＷＳＨＥＬＬＳＴＲＵＣＴＵＲＥＳＮｉｅＧｕｏ－ｈｕａ（聂国华）（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇＭｅｃｈａｎｉｃｓ,ＴｏｎｇｊｉＵｎｉｖｅ...     

BENDING SOLUTION OF A RECTANGULAR PLATE WITH ONE EDGE BUILT－IN AND ONE CORNER POINT SUPPORTED SUBJECTED TO UNIFORM LOAD

ＢＥＮＤＩＮＧ　ＳＯＬＵＴＩＯＮ　ＯＦ　Ａ　ＲＥＣＴＡＮＧＵＬＡＲ　ＰＬＡＴＥ　ＷＩＴＨ　ＯＮＥ　ＥＤＧＥ　ＢＵＩＬＴ－ＩＮ　ＡＮＤ　ＯＮＥ　ＣＯＲＮＥＲ　ＰＯＩＮＴ　ＳＵＰＰＯＲＴＥＤ　ＳＵＢＪＥＣＴＥＤ　ＴＯ　ＵＮＩＦＯＲＭ　ＬＯＡＤＸｕＱｉｌｏ...     

AN ANALYTICAL SOLUTION OF HEAT CONDUCTION ON A LOCALLY NONUNIFORMLY HEATED SURFACE OF A PLATE WITH FINITE THICKNESS

ＡＮＡＮＡＬＹＴＩＣＡＬＳＯＬＵＴＩＯＮＯＦＨＥＡＴＣＯＮＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＯＮＡＬＯＣＡＬＬＹＮＯＮＵＮＩＦＯＲＭＬＹＨＥＡＴＥＤＳＵＲＦＡＣＥＯＦＡＰＬＡＴＥＷＩＴＨＦＩＮＩＴＥＴＨＩＣＫＮＥＳＳ（王明锐）（靳辉）ＡＮＡＮＡＬＹＴＩＣＡＬＳＯＬＵＴＩ...     

THE INTERACTION OF PLANE SH－WAVES AND CIRCULAR CAVITY SURFACED WITH LINING IN ANISOTBOPIC MEDIA

ＴＨＥＩＮＴＥＲＡＣＴＩＯＮＯＦＰＬＡＮＥＳＨ－ＷＡＶＥＳＡＮＤＣＩＲＣＵＬＡＲＣＡＶＩＴＹＳＵＲＦＡＣＥＤＷＩＴＨＬＩＮＩＮＧＩＮＡＮＩＳＯＴＢＯＰＩＣＭＥＤＩＡＨａｎＦｅｎｇ（韩峰）Ｗｅｉｙａｎｇ（韦扬）ＬｉｕＤｉａｎｋｕｉ（刘殿魁）（Ｒｅｃｅｉ...     

Non-linear elastic theory of rectangular reticulated shallow shell structures

ＮＯＮ－ＬＩＮＥＡＲＥＬＡＳＴＩＣＴＨＥＯＲＹＯＦＲＥＣＴＡＮＧＵＬＡＲＲＥＴＩＣＵＬＡＴＥＤＳＨＡＬＬＯＷＳＨＥＬＬＳＴＲＵＣＴＵＲＥＳＮｉｅＧｕｏ－ｈｕａ（聂国华）（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇＭｅｃｈａｎｉｃｓ,ＴｏｎｇｊｉＵ...     

THE INTEGRAL AS A FUNCTlON OF THE UPPER LIMIT AND DEPENDING ON A PARAMETER TO SOLVE DRAWING THROUGH IDLING ROLLS

ＴＨＥＩＮＴＥＧＲＡＬＡＳＡＦＵＮＣＴｌＯＮＯＦＴＨＥＵＰＰＥＲＬＩＭＩＴＡＮＤＤＥＰＥＮＤＩＮＧＯＮＡＰＡＲＡＭＥＴＥＲＴＯＳＯＬＶＥＤＲＡＷＩＮＧＴＨＲＯＵＧＨＩＤＬＩＮＧＲＯＬＬＳＺｈａｏＤｅ－ｗｅｎ（赵德文）；ＺｈａｏＺｈｉ－ｙｅ（赵志业）；...     

GREEN＇S FUNCTIONS OF TWO－DIMENSIONAL ANISOTROPIC BODY WITH A PARABOLIC BOUNDARY

ＧＲＥＥＮ＇ＳＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮＳＯＦＴＷＯ－ＤＩＭＥＮＳＩＯＮＡＬＡＮＩＳＯＴＲＯＰＩＣ ＢＯＤＹ ＷＩＴＨ Ａ ＰＡＲＡＢＯＬＩＣ ＢＯＵＮＤＡＲＹ（胡元太）（赵兴华）ＧＲＥＥＮ＇ＳＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮＳＯＦＴＷＯ－ＤＩＭＥＮＳＩＯＮＡＬＡＮＩＳＯＴＲＯＰ?..     

INCREASING PROPERTY OF SPECTRUM IN THE VIBRATIONS OF A CYCLIC CHAIN OF MASSES DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO THE GTM SEQUENCE

ＩＮＣＲＥＡＳＩＮＧＰＲＯＰＥＲＴＹＯＦＳＰＥＣＴＲＵＭＩＮＴＨＥＶＩＢＲＡＴＩＯＮＳＯＦＡＣＹＣＬＩＣＣＨＡＩＮＯＦＭＡＳＳＥＳＤＩＳＴＲＩＢＵＴＥＤＡＣＣＯＲＤＩＮＧＴＯＴＨＥＧＴＭＳＥＱＵＥＮＣＥＳｈａｎｇＰｅｎｇｊｉａｎ（商朋见）（Ｄｅｐａｒ...     

Exact solution of the thick laminated open cylindrical shells with four clamped edges

ＥＸＡＣＴＳＯＬＵＴＩＯＮＯＦＴＨＥＴＨＩＣＫＬＡＭＩＮＡＴＥＤＯＰＥＮＣＹＬＩＮＤＲＩＣＡＬＳＨＥＬＬＳＷＩＴＨＦＯＵＲＣＬＡＭＰＥＤＥＤＧＥＳＦａｎＪｉａ－ｒａｎｇ（范家让）（ＨｅｆｅｉＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏｆＴｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ）ＨｅｆｅｉＤｉ...     

Two-phase flow for a horizontal well penetrating a naturally fractured reservoir with edge water injection

This paper examines the two-phase flow for a horizontal well penetrating a naturally fractured reservoir with edge water injection by means of a fixed streamline model. The mathematical model of the vertical two-dimensional flow or oil-water for a horizontal well in a medium with double-porosity is established, and whose accurate solutions are obtained by using the characteristic method. The saturation distributions in the fractured system and the matrix system as well as the formula of the time of water free production are presented. All these results provide a theoretical basis and a computing method for oil displacement by edge water from naturally fractured reservoirs.     

井筒气液两相流对致密气压裂水平井试井的影响

多段压裂水平井技术是目前开采致密气最常用的方法之一,在致密气压裂水平井试井测试中常常伴随着一定的产水量,井筒气液两相流会增加井筒流体的流动阻力,加大井筒流体流动对试井解释的影响.为了明确井筒气液两相流对致密气藏压裂水平井试井的影响,提高产水致密气压裂水平井的试井解释精度,建立了一种井筒气液两相流与地层渗流耦合的试井模型,采用数值方法对模型进行求解,获得了考虑井筒气液两相流的压裂水平井试井理论曲线、压力场分布及裂缝产量分布.研究结果表明:井筒气液两相流会增加试井理论曲线中压力和压力导数值,造成靠近入窗点的压力扩散要快于远离入窗点的压力扩散,引起靠近入窗点的裂缝产量要高于远离入窗点的裂缝产量.现场实例分析进一步说明,不考虑井筒两相流可能会对产水压裂水平井的试井解释结果产生很大误差,主要表现为水平井筒假设为无限大导流能力会使得拟合得到的表皮系数偏大,将测试点视为入窗点会使得拟合得到的原始地层压力偏小.所建立的考虑井筒两相流的压裂水平井试井模型为产水致密气井试井资料的正确解释提供了重要技术保障.      

各向异性双重介质垂直裂缝井两相流体渗流

建立了各向异性双重介质中垂直裂缝井两相渗流数学模型,用有限差分法求得了其解,进行了算例分析。得到了含水饱和度沿径向、最大及最小渗透率方向的分布和水驱油前缘等饱和度面随时间的变化,分别讨论了各向异性、吸渗作用对这种介质中两相流体渗流的影响。结果表明：渗透率较在的方向,前缘推进速度较快,油井见水较早;吸渗使前缘推进速度减慢,使油井见水晚。注水开发这种油藏时,见水前注入率不能太大以充分发挥吸渗作用,存在最佳注入率。这对于水力压裂垂直裂缝井注水开发碳酸盐岩裂缝性油藏有指导意义。     

THE TRANSIENT ELLIPTIC FLOW OF POWER-LAW FLUID IN FRACTAL POROUS MEDIA

1　ＴｈｅＦｌｏｗＭｏｄｅｌｏｆＰｏｗｅｒ＿ＬａｗＦｌｕｉｄｉｎＲａｄｉｃａｌＦｒａｃｔａｌＲｅｓｅｒｖｏｉｒＴｈｅｔｒａｎｓｉｅｎｔｆｌｏｗｏｆｐｏｗｅｒ＿ｌａｗｆｌｕｉｄｉｎｒａｄｉｃａｌｆｒａｃｔａｌｒｅｓｅｒｖｏｉｒｉｓｓｔｕｄｉｅｄｉｎＲｅｆ.[1 ] ,ａｎｄａｎａｌｙｔｉｃａｌｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｏｆＬａｐｌａｃｅｓｐａｃｅｉｓｄｅｒｉｖｅｄ .ＩｎＲｅｆ.[2 ] ,ｔｈｅｔｒａｎｓｉｅｎｔｅｌｌｉｐｔｉｃａｌｆｌｏｗｉｓｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｅｄｏｎｍｏｄｅｌｏｆｅｘｐａｎｄｉｎｇｒｅｃｔａｎｇｌｅ .Ｔ…     

Efficiency of Capillary Imbibition Dominated Displacement of Nonwetting Phase by Wetting Phase in Fractured Porous Media

The critical and optimum injection rates as well as the critical fracture capillary number for an efficient displacement process are determined based on the experimental and numerical modeling of the displacement of nonwetting phase (oil) by wetting phase (water) in fractured porous media. The efficiency of the process is defined in terms of the nonwetting phase displaced from the system per amount of wetting phase injected and per time. Also, the effects of injection rate on capillary imbibition transfer dominated two-phase flow in fractured porous media are clarified by visualizing the experiments. The results reveal that as the injection rate is increased, fracture pattern begins to become an effective parameter on the matrix saturation distribution. As the rate is lowered, however, the system begins to behave like a homogeneous system showing a frontal displacement regardless the fracture configuration.     

Numerical Simulation of Single-Phase and Multiphase Non-Darcy Flow in Porous and Fractured Reservoirs

A numerical method as well as a theoretical study of non-Darcy fluid flow through porous and fractured reservoirs is described. The non-Darcy behavior is handled in a three-dimensional, multiphase flow reservoir simulator, while the model formulation incorporates the Forchheimer equation for describing single-phase or multiphase non-Darcy flow and displacement. The non-Darcy flow through a fractured reservoir is handled using a general dual-continuum approach. The numerical scheme has been verified by comparing its results against those of analytical methods. Numerical solutions are used to obtain some insight into the physics of non-Darcy flow and displacement in reservoirs. In addition, several type curves are provided for well-test analyses of non-Darcy flow to demonstrate a methodology for modeling this type of flow in porous and fractured rocks, including flow in petroleum and geothermal reservoirs.     

An Extended-FEM Model for CO2 Leakage Through a Naturally Fractured Cap-Rock During Carbon Dioxide Sequestration

In this paper, a numerical model is developed for the assessment of carbon dioxide transport through naturally fractured cap-rocks during CO₂ sequestration in underground aquifers. The cap-rock contains two types of fracture with different length scales: micro-cracks (fissures) and macro-cracks (faults). The effect of micro-cracks is incorporated implicitly by modifying the intrinsic permeability tensor of porous matrix, while the macro-cracks are modeled explicitly using the extended finite element method (X-FEM). The fractured porous medium is decomposed into the porous matrix and fracture domain, which are occupied with two immiscible fluid phases, water and CO₂. The flow inside the matrix domain is governed by the Darcy law, while the flow within the fracture is modeled using the Poiseuille flow. The mass conservation law is fulfilled for each fluid phase at both porous matrix and fracture domain; moreover, the mass exchange between the matrix and fracture is guaranteed through the integral formulation of mass conservation law. Applying the X-FEM technique, the explicit representation of macro-cracks is modeled by enriching the standard finite element approximation space with an enrichment function. Finally, several numerical examples of CO₂ injection into a brine aquifer below a naturally fractured cap-rock are modeled in order to investigate the effects of cracks’ aperture and orientation as well as the temperature of aquifer and the depth of injection on the leakage pattern of the carbon dioxide through the cap-rock.

     

Modeling Water Leak-off Behavior in Hydraulically Fractured Gas Shale under Multi-mechanism Dominated Conditions

Fracturing-fluid leak-off in fractured gas shale is a complex process involving multiple pore/fluid transports and interactions. However, water leak-off behavior has not been modeled comprehensively by considering the multi-pores and multi-mechanisms in shale with existing simulators. In this paper, we present the development of a comprehensive multi-mechanistic, multi-porosity, and multi-permeability water/gas flow model that uses experimentally determined formation properties to simulate the fracturing-fluid leak-off of hydraulically fractured shale gas wells. The multi-mechanistic model takes into account water transport driven by hydraulic convection, capillary and osmosis, gas transport caused by hydraulic convection, and salt ion transport caused by advection and diffusion. The multi-porosity includes hydraulic fracture millipores, organic nanopores, clay nanopores, and other inorganic micropores. The multi-permeability model accounts for all the important processes in shale system, including gas adsorption on the organics’ surface, multi-mechanistic clay/other inorganic mineral mass transfer, inorganic mineral/hydraulic fracture mass transfer, and injection from a hydraulically fractured wellbore. The dynamic water saturation and pressure profiles within clay and other inorganic matrices are compared, revealing the leak-off behavior of water in rock media with different physicochemical properties. In sensitivity analyses, cases with different clay membrane efficiency, volume proportion of source rock, connate water salinity, and saturation are considered. The impacts of shale properties on water fluxes through wellbore, hydraulic fracture and matrix, and the total injection and leak-off volumes of the well during the treatment of hydraulic fracturing are investigated. Results show that physicochemical properties in both organic and inorganic matrices affect the water leak-off behavior.     

Simulation of Gas Dipole Tests in Fractures at the Intermediate Scale Using a New Upscaling Method

A high-level radioactive waste disposal site may lead to gas generation by different physical mechanisms. As these sites are to be located in areas with low water flow, any small amount of gas can lead to relative high gas pressures, so that multiphase flow analysis becomes relevant. The movement of gas and water through the system has two important implications. Firstly, water flow takes place in unsaturated conditions, and thus travel times of the radioactive particles transported are affected; and secondly, gas can also carry radioactive particles. Therefore, one of the key points in such studies is the time when gas would break through the biosphere under a number of different flow conditions. In fractured zones, gas would flow preferentially through the most conductive features. We consider a two-dimensional system representing an isolated fracture. In each point we assign a local porosity and permeability and a local pressure-saturation relationship. A dipole (injector-producer) gas flow system is generated and the variation in water saturation is studied. A simple method is proposed for obtaining upscaled values for several parameters involved in two-phase flow. It is based on numerical simulation on a block scale assuming steady-state conditions and absence of capillary pressure gradients. The proposed method of upscaling is applied to simulate a dipole test using a coarser grid than that of the reference field. The comparison between the results in both scales shows an encouraging agreement.