爆炸荷载作用下弹性与阻尼支承梁的动力响应

为了提高梁的抗爆能力,目前通常是从材料、截面形状等方面考虑．通过在梁端部设置弹性和阻尼支承来提高梁的抗力．为此,应用拉格朗日方程建立了端部弹性与阻尼支承梁的动力方程,通过长作用时间和短作用时间两个爆炸动荷载的典型算例,分析了端部弹性与阻尼支承对梁动态响应的影响,并指出在短作用时间动荷载作用下在梁端部设置弹性与阻尼支承可有效提高梁的抗力．     

用强迫力法求解弹性支承梁的固有振动

本文将强迫力法引入弹性支承梁固有振动的计算问题，把具有多个弹性支承的梁按自由粱米处理，而将支承反力看作作用于梁上的强迫力。最后利用各支承点的位移约束条件建立了系统的频率方程和以各支反力为基本未知量的线性方程组．     

求解弹性梁的普遍化方法

介绍了一种求解弹性梁的新方法．该方法利用奇异函数与拉普拉斯变换相结合的方法导出弹性梁弯曲变形的普遍表达式，并利用边界条件确定约束力，对具有任意支承形式、受力状况和阶梯形状的静定或超静定梁具有普适性．     

带集中质量和弹性支承梁的横向固有振动分析

给出带集中质量和弹性支承梁横向固有振动的精确分析方法。示例表明,该法对于梁的固有振动分析具有较广的适用性。     

分析弹性支承输流管道的失稳临界流速

研究了两端弹性支承输流管道静态失稳和动态失稳临界流速. 根据梁模型横向弯曲振动模态 函数，由两端弹性支承的边界条件得到了其模态函数的一般表达式. 根据特征方程具体分析 了弹性支承刚度、质量比、流体压力和管截面轴向力等主要参数对失稳临界流速的影响. 数 值计算结果表明，管道在弹性支承下的动力稳定性比较复杂，在较小的弹性支承刚度和较小 的参数范围内，管道主要表现为动态颤振失稳；在较大的弹性支承刚度和较大的参数作用下， 管道的失稳形式主要表现为静态失稳；并且失稳临界流速随流体压力和管截面轴向压力的增 加而下降，随管截面轴向拉力的增加而上升.     

研究带有附加质量和弹性支承的弹性体动态特性的新方法

本文把梁的振动问题表示成第二类Fredholm型积分方程的特征值问题,然后用一种新的方法探讨了附加质量、弹性支承和截面形状变化对梁的动态特性的影响.     

具有水平摩阻力的弹性地基上梁的解

本文将Ｗｉｎｋｌｅｒ地基模型加以推广，把地基视为具有水平和竖向反力的弹性支承体，进而讨论该地基梁的微分方程以及解．通过几个典型例子来考察地基水平反力对地基梁挠度和内力的影响     

具有水平摩阻力的弹性地基上双层叠合梁的解

将双层叠合梁之间的接触状况拟合为一符合Goodman假设的弹性夹层, 并对 Winkler地基模型加以推广, 把地基视为具有水平和竖向反力的弹性支承体, 进而, 导出 具有水平摩阻力的弹性地基上双层叠合梁的微分方程组及其解析解. 随后, 提出了考虑梁截 面竖向拉压和水平剪切效应的夹层和地基广义反应模量的概念和计算式. 最后, 通过几个算 例来考察地基水平摩阻力对叠合梁挠度、截面总弯矩力和最大弯拉应力的影响. 结果表明, 地基水平摩阻力的影响将不能被忽略.     

高速旋转电机轴流风叶周边变形的估算公式

对轴流风叶周边等效简化为弹性支承梁情况进行分析，推导出其变形的估算公式，并辅试验以验证，为设计串接电机确定风叶周边厚度等提供理论依据．     

考虑轴力二阶效应悬臂梁的支承及裂纹参数识别

建立了轴向压力作用下悬臂裂纹梁边界支承和裂纹损伤程度识别方法．首先，将悬臂梁边界非完整支承等效为竖向和扭转弹簧、梁中开裂纹等效为内部扭转弹簧，利用Laplace变换，得到了边界弹性支承、考虑轴向压力二阶效应、具有任意裂纹数目Euler-Bernoulli悬臂梁弯曲挠度的解析解．其次，提出了边界弹性支承弹簧柔度和裂纹等效扭转弹簧柔度的识别方法．最后，通过数值试验，考察了轴向压力，裂纹深度以及测量误差等对识别结果的影响，说明了本文考虑轴向压力二阶效应的悬臂梁边界支承弹簧柔度及裂纹等效扭转弹簧柔度识别方法的适用性和可靠性，结果表明：相比于应变测量误差，挠度测量误差对裂纹损伤程度识别结果影响更加敏感，且轴向压力对裂纹损伤程度识别影响较小，因此，应严格控制挠度的测量误差．同时，边界支承扭转弹簧柔度的识别误差大于其竖向弹簧柔度识别误差．这些结果为实际工程中边界非完整支承悬臂裂纹梁的参数识别提供了指导．     

Heat transfer effects on hydropneumatic suspension systems

One of the problems experienced on hydropneumatic suspension systems, is the effect of temperature change on the spring characteristic, resulting in variations in spring rate and ride height. This problem can be analysed using an appropriate heat transfer model. Two major heat transfer modes are investigated, i.e. heat transfer between the gas and its surroundings and heat transfer between the damper oil and the gas. The analyses performed include the determination of the dynamic spring force characteristic, the effect of heat build-up on the spring force characteristic and the effect of heat build-up on the performance of the hydropneumatic spring and damper unit during vehicle tests. Mathematical modelling of the spring characteristic is performed by solving the energy equation for a gas in a closed container using the thermal time constant approach. The Benedict–Webb–Rubin equation of state is used for real gas behaviour. The mathematical model is verified against experimental data and good correlation is achieved. It is shown that hydropneumatic suspension systems have a significant amount of inherent damping due to heat transfer which produces no nett temperature change or heat build-up. The effect of heat build-up in the damper on the spring force characteristic is determined by laboratory tests. It is shown that heat generation in the damper, accompanied by a rise in gas temperature, has a detrimental effect on the spring force characteristic. Tests performed on experimental hydropneumatic spring and damper systems fitted to a test vehicle indicate that the effect is smaller in practice than anticipated. Heat build-up is strongly influenced by terrain roughness, vehicle speed, mission profile and damping levels.     

轴压作用下充液圆柱壳屈曲的实验研究

本文从实验及理论两个方面对充满液体的圆柱壳在轴向压力作用下液体内压的变化进行了实际测试及理论定性分析．采用薄壳理论分析了屈曲前液体内压随轴向压力的变化规律，讨论了壳材料、几何参数及边界约束对内压的影响．通过实验实际测定了内压随轴向压力的变化规律．通过实验手段测定了充满液体的圆柱壳临界载荷、屈曲模态，讨论了充满液体的圆柱壳的承载能力等问题．     

数值模型内力影响面分析的机动法

本文提出并证明了普遍适用于以广义位移为独立变量的各种数值模型的内力影响面分析的机动算法原理。这一原理把内力影响面分析归结为求解在一个等价荷载作用下的结构位移场,并给出了得到等价荷载的方法。用本文方法得到的是结构某一点的内力的影响面,而且对数值模型来说,是精确解。作为本文原理的应用,用机动法分析了采用有限条模型的薄板的内力影响面,并给出了若干数值例子。     

Soft-impact dynamics of deformable bodies

Systems constituted by impacting beams and rods of non-negligible mass are often encountered in many applications of engineering practice. The impact between two rigid bodies is an intrinsically indeterminate problem due to the arbitrariness of the velocities after the instantaneous impact and implicates an infinite value of the contact force. The arbitrariness of after-impact velocities is solved by releasing the impenetrability condition as an internal constraint of the bodies and by allowing for elastic deformations at contact during an impact of finite duration. In this paper, the latter goal is achieved by interposing a concentrate spring between a beam and a rod at their contact point, simulating the deformability of impacting bodies at the interaction zones. A reliable and convenient method for determining impact forces is also presented. An example of engineering interest is carried out: a flexible beam that impacts on an axially deformable strut. The solution of motion under a harmonic excitation of the beam built-in base is found in terms of transverse and axial displacements of the beam and rod, respectively, by superimposition of a finite number of modal contributions. Numerical investigations are performed in order to examine the influence of the rigidity of the contact spring and of the ratio between the first natural frequencies of the beam and the rod, respectively, on the system response, namely impact velocity, maximum displacement, spring stretching and contact force. Impact velocity diagrams, nonlinear resonance curves and phase portraits are presented to determine regions of periodic motion with impacts and the appearance of chaotic solutions, and parameter ranges where the functionality of the non-structural element is at risk.     

GIS支持下降雨滑坡的启动机制研究与数字仿真

大气降雨对滑坡体的含水量和容重均有影响, 该影响具有一定的时间进程, 同时滑坡滑带土的含水率对内摩擦角和内聚力均有一定的影响。本文提出了滑坡启动的两种不同机制。通过降水滑体含水率滑体容重、滑带土内摩擦角、内聚力以及它们与滑坡稳定系数的定量关系及其时间效应, 建立起滑坡启动的速度、推力、方向和启动时间的预测、预报模型。     

Non-conservative stability of intermediate spring supported columns with an elastically restrained end support

The non-conservative stability of an intermediate spring supported uniform column clastically restrained at one end and subjected to a follower force at the other unsupported end is studied. It is found that when the intermediate spring support is far from the unsupported end, the instability mechanism is flutter. As the intermediate spring support approaches the unsupported end, the instability mechanism is changed from flutter to divergence with the increase of intermediate spring stiffness. For the hinged-intermediate and guided-intermediatc spring supported columns, the critical buckling load of flutter instability will first decrease, then increase as the intermediate spring stiffness is increased. Nevertheless, when the instability mechanism is divergence, the critical buckling load depends on the location of the intermediate spring support only, whereas for the clamped-intermediate spring supported column the critical buckling load of divergence instability decreases monotonically to a fixed value as the intermediate spring stiffness is increased. Finally, the influence of elastic end restraints on the stability of the column is also investigated.     

公路桥梁内力包络图的仿真计算

移动荷载作用下的内力包络图的计算是一个典型的可以用计算机仿真解决的问题．用计算机模拟汽车荷载在公路桥梁上以小步长移动,每一步画出桥梁结构的内力图．当汽车荷载通过桥梁时,这些内力图将填充成一个区域．这个区域的上、下边界线就是桥梁结构的内力包络图．内力包络图的算法不依赖影响线的概念,在理论和实践上,简化了内力包络图的计算．     

基于多弹簧模型的空间梁柱单元(II):参数分析

为模拟地震作用时杆件在变动轴力和双向弯曲的耦合特点,基于简化纤维模型的多弹簧单元模型近年被广泛应用。本文作者在相关论文中提出了考虑剪切变形弹塑性刚度影响的多弹簧模型空间梁柱单元,杆件的计算模拟精度除了取决于单元模型之外,还决定于两个重要参数:弹簧位置及个数布置、塑性区长度,本文将针对其进行参数分析并提出合理建议取值。本文最后还提出了模拟杆件残余应力的合理弹簧布置方式。     

钢桁腹-混凝土组合箱梁畸变效应研究

为研究梯形截面的钢桁腹-混凝土组合箱梁的畸变效应,在薄壁箱梁理论的基础上,考虑钢桁腹杆的力学特性,应用改进的板元分析法建立畸变控制微分方程,并给出畸变解析解。通过ANSYS建立实体模型验证所推公式的正确性。结合数值算例,对比分析在均布畸变荷载作用下相同截面参数的钢桁腹-混凝土组合箱梁和传统混凝土箱梁的畸变翘曲正应力,并分析梁宽和钢腹杆俯角对组合箱梁畸变内力的影响。结果表明,相同截面参数下,由于组合箱梁钢桁腹杆的纵向刚度很小,其畸变翘曲正应力为混凝土箱梁的1.71倍;梁宽对畸变内力影响较大,当梁宽增加至4.5 m时,畸变双力矩和畸变矩分别增大至3.68倍和1.36倍,且前者在纵向上双峰的分布趋势逐渐平缓;腹杆俯角对畸变双力矩影响较大,当腹杆俯角增加至27°时,畸变双力矩减小了约14.3%,但其对畸变矩影响很小。     

Influence of boundary conditions on the stability of a column under non-conservative load

The cantilever follower force problem with external damping is extended to a three-parameter case, including a concentrated mass, a linear elastic spring, and a partial follower force at the free end. As a result of the study an unexpected, hitherto unrecognized feature of stability/vibration is identified.Normally, the boundary conditions have great influence on the stability limits. However, it is proved that there exists a force at which the critical frequency is independent of all three boundary parameters. The characteristics of this force/frequency combination are discussed in detail, especially in relation to the corresponding eigenfunctions.Also a direct study of the onset of flutter as a function of the boundary parameters is included.