基于元模型与聚类算法的设计空间减缩策略及工程应用

提出了一种基于元模型建模和聚类算法的设计空间减缩策略,能直接将设计空间减小到相对小的子空间。建议的方法分为三步:首先,进行低精度元模型建模,其次重新设计样本点并基于元模型求解样本点函数值和导数,应用最短距离层次聚类算法确定样本点聚类数与聚类中心,采用模糊c均值算法完成设计空间划分,生成设计空间子空间;最后,求解子空间目标函数的均值,确定保留子空间,并在保留子空间中对函数进行优化,达到目标函数全局最优解。测试函数和工程算例表明,该方法能够有效减小设计空间。     

地下开采中优势面控水控稳机制分析

优势面对矿区灾害事故发生展布具明显的控制作用。本文据诸多实例论述了地下开采中优势面的控水、控稳两类机制 ,并建立了相应的优势指标和评价准则 ,为地下开采灾害控制研究指出了一种新的思路和分析方法。     

深部地下工程岩爆预测的筛选蚁群聚类算法

为了提高仿生聚类算法的计算效率,对传统的蚁群聚类算法进行改进,采用数据合并机制提出了 一种筛选蚁群聚类算法。采用筛选蚁群聚类算法,在岩爆工程实例资料分析的基础上,基于工程类比的思想 判断岩爆的发生状态,提出了一种深部地下工程岩爆预测的新方法。通过多个煤矿深部地下工程岩爆实例的 应用研究证明,和传统的蚁群聚类算法相比,在不显著增加计算难度和复杂度的情况下,新算法对工程实例的 判断准确率更高,其准确率达92%,计算效果更好;而且,计算速度有较大幅度的提高,其计算时间缩短近 40%,说明新算法的计算效率更高。因此,筛选蚁群聚类算法是一种比较实用的岩爆预测新方法,值得在深部 地下工程岩爆研究领域推广应用。     

非标识PIV图像的模糊聚类识别方法

文中将模糊分析的原理应用于分析粒子在一幅ＰＩＶ图像中的运动情况。聚类由几个相邻的粒子开始,聚类的原则是流体运动的基本规律,随着流体的运动,粒子簇在第二次曝光时改变其形状及位置,通过模糊聚类可获得粒子运动的规律。应用聚类分析方法可改善非标识ＰＩＶ图像的处理效率,基于这种方法的粒子运动轨迹追踪算法被提出并应用于ＰＩＶ图像分析。     

岩质边坡稳定性及预应力锚固分析现状

本文首先对目前常用的各类边坡稳定性分析方法的主要特点进行了评述,包括定性方法类的历史分析法、工程地质类比法、图解法、专家系统法,定量分析方法类的确定性模型法,如极限平衡法,应力应变分析法;非确定性模型法,如可靠性分析法、灰色系统理论法及模糊综合评判法等;及两类方法结合而成的随机有限元法。其次,对预应力锚固边坡的设计及稳定性分析作了阐述。     

混沌网络的聚类同步方法

由于通讯技术和生物工程等科学的发展，许多的聚类同步现象陆续被发 现和研究. 然而，由于网络的复杂性，有关聚类同步的理论结果极少见报道. 从上述问题出发，对于大小为N=mn的网络, 通过构造带权重的相互作用，得 到了n个聚类的聚类同步，其中每个聚类的振子数目都等于m. 最后， 以耦合Lorenz系统为例，验证了以上结果的正确性.     

一种基于稳定性评价的岩质边坡坡体结构分类方法

对目前岩质边坡勘测研究中所使用的结构术语及概念进行了梳理和厘定,提出了基于边坡稳定性评价的坡体结构的概念; 结合我国近年来水电工程岩质边坡勘测实践,以边坡主控结构面和潜在变形失稳模式为核心,总结提出了坡体结构类型划分体系,即将岩质边坡划分为层状坡体结构、中陡裂隙(面)控制坡体结构、楔形坡体结构和均质坡体结构四个大类九个亚类。该坡体结构概念及其分类体系对于复杂岩质边坡稳定性的定性评价、计算方法选择、边界条件确定以及稳定控制方案的制定具有指导意义。     

楔形体破坏模式下红层边坡岩体质量SMR法评价

简要介绍了边坡岩体质量分类的SMR法,将之应用于2个典型楔形体破坏模式下红层岩体高边坡稳定性宏观评价。 指出在评价过程中要注意对边坡起控制作用的优势结构面,并将其作为SMR法中结构面项评分的主要依据,这样得出的评分 值与边坡的实际情况才会比较相符。对地应力的影响进行了定性的分析,指出高地应力地区边坡SMR法应该慎用。     

土坡中的优势结构面分析

把岩体结构控制理论和优势结构面理论应用到土坡中 ,对土坡中的优势结构面进行了系统的研究。研究表明 ,土坡变形破坏主要是受其中优势结构面所控制的。     

基于聚类椭球模型的不确定性传播分析

针对随机结构提出了基于聚类椭球模型的非概率不确定性传播方法。首先,将聚类椭球模型分解成多个子椭球模型;然后,在各个子椭球模型中求解结构响应的子边界;接着,在所有子椭球模型内的子边界中寻优,获得响应的边界。考虑到计算精度和效率等问题,引入传统非概率不确定性传播策略和基于功能度量法的传播策略,分别对响应的子边界进行计算;最后,通过数值算例验证了本文方法的有效性。     

null

Based on the preferred plane theory for regional stability assessment, princIple and methods of artificial neural network (ANN), the model of back propagation (BP) neural network and its algorithm for the preferredfault recognition are discussed in this paper. Practical examples indicate that the new method using BP neural network to determine preferred fault is effective and the prediction result is good.     

非等距时间序列的灰色预测模型及其在蠕变断裂中的应用

本文给出了非等距时间序列的灰色预测模型。讨论了该模型的灰色预测平面和最优预测函数，最后将该模型应用于符合Ｂｕｒｇｅｒｓ模型的石膏材料的蠕变断裂，并验证了该方法的可行性。     

Self-organized domain microstructures in a plate-like particle suspension subjected to rapid simple shear

The evolution of the microstructure and rheological properties of plate-like particle suspensions subjected to rapid simple shear is studied numerically. In response to the shear-induced strain, particles in the suspensions rearrange to form a steady-state microstructure, and the suspension viscosity reaches a steady value. Under this condition, the microstructure is composed of two domains having different particle fractions and particle orientations. In the matrix (particle-poor) and cluster (particle-rich) domains, the particles’ long axes are oriented subparallel to the shear plane and normal to the maximum compressive principal direction, respectively. A higher particle concentration and friction coefficient enhance the development of cluster domains relative to matrix domains leading the intensity of the preferred particle orientation to decrease and the number of contacting particles, the aspect ratio of clusters, the inter-particle force, and the suspension viscosity to increase. The domain microstructure is governed by two factors: (1) geometric relations between the particle orientation and the maximum compressive axes and (2) the magnitude of particle–fluid and particle–particle interactions. The first factor results in the coupling of the particle orientation and the local fraction of particles, which is an important character of the domain microstructure. The second factor controls the relative development of the cluster and matrix domains through the change in the particles’ rotational behavior. Our results suggest that the microstructure of plate-like suspensions subjected to rapid shear is predictable in terms of the cluster stability, which has important implications for the kinematics of flow-related microstructures in nature and manufacturing.     

Nonstationary (transient) radiative-conductive heat transfer in a plane layer of gray absorbing medium

The kinetics of the heating of a plane layer of gray absorbing medium by radiative-conductive heat transfer are considered. The nonstationary energy equation is reduced to a nonlinear integral equation by means of a Green's function, and this is solved numerically by the Newton method. The results of the solution are presented in the form of the temperature fields in the layer for various values of the defining parameters (optical thickness, radiative-conductive heat-transfer criterion, heat-transfer criterion at the boundaries).Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Mekhaniki i Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki, No. 1, pp. 156–159, January–February, 1972.     

Jet column modes in both a plane jet and a passively modified plane jet subject to acoustic excitation

Use is made of acoustic excitation to enhance the coherent vortical structures that form in both a plane jet and a passively modified plane jet. The Strouhal number for the preferred mode based on the nozzle height of the jet is found to be unaffected by the passive modification. The existence of the jet column mode of stable pairing in the excited plane jet is unambiguously confirmed. Measurements in the excited and modified plane jet show that the passive modification suppresses this mode. Finally, the work shows the existence of a new mode of stable pairing. Both time- and phase-averaged measurements are presented to examine this mode.     

Rotation speed measurement of moving particles in a CFB riser

This paper presents a study on measuring rotation speed of moving glass beads with an average diameter of 500 p.m in a pilot-scale circulating fluidized bed （CFB） riser with a high-speed digital imaging system. Two methods have been developed to calculate particle rotation speed from the particle images. The first method consists of a fully automated algorithm based on cross-correlation of gray distribution of particle images for particles whose rotation axes are （nearly） perpendicular to the imaging plane, and the second method calculates the speed of particle rotation by identifying its rotation axis using two or more characteristic points on its surface. The reliability of the two methods is verified by using a small sphere with known speed and direction of rotation. The first method is shown to be capable of measuring accurately the rotation speed for the particle with a rotation axis （nearly） perpendicular to the imaging plane and filtering off other particles using an appropriate threshold of correlation coefficient. The second method is shown to be capable of yielding both the speed and direction of particle rotation, with a measurement error of less than 10%. Results of both methods on real glass beads in a CFB riser are compared against each other.     

Equivalent inhomogeneity method for evaluating the effective elastic properties of unidirectional multi-phase composites with surface/interface effects

A new technique is presented for evaluating the effective properties of linearly elastic, multi-phase unidirectional composites. Various effects on the fiber/matrix interfaces (perfect bond, homogeneously imperfect interfaces, uniform interphase layers) are allowed. The analysis of nano-composite materials based on the Gurtin and Murdoch model of material surface is also included. The basic idea of the approach is to construct a circular inhomogeneity in an infinite plane whose effects on the displacements and stresses at distant points are the same as those of a finite cluster of inhomogeneities (fibers of circular cross-section) arranged in a pattern representative of the composite material in question. The elastic properties of the equivalent inhomogeneity then define the effective elastic properties of the material. The volume ratio of the composite material is found after the size of the equivalent circular inhomogeneity is defined in the course of the solution procedure. This procedure is based on a semi-analytical solution of a problem of an infinite plane containing a cluster of non-overlapping circular inhomogeneities subjected to loading at infinity. The method works equally well for periodic and random composites and – importantly – eliminates the necessity for averaging either stresses or strains. New results for nano-composite materials are presented.     

西部缺水地区多样化水资源开发模式探讨

最近我国政府提出了西部大开发的战略决策。发展西部地区首要任务是研究解决水资源缺乏问题。40多年来南京大学在地下水探寻和开发、水资源评价和水污染的模拟等方面取得了系统研究成果。特别是运用新构造理论和优势面理论 ,在地下水资源探寻的研究中取得显著成效 ,近几年来作者提出的缺水山区水资源多样化开发模式研究课题 ,在河北顺平严重缺水区取得初步突破。这对于解决西部的水资源匮乏问题 ,促进西部大开发会具有重要的实际意义。