一类可压缩超弹性圆柱体轴线上的空穴现象

对于由一类均匀各向同性可压缩的广义Varga材料组成的实心圆柱体,研究其在给定的外表面拉伸和轴向拉伸或压缩共同作用下的轴对称变形问题.利用能量变分原理得到了问题的控制方程和边界条件,并求得了描述柱体径向对称变形的参数型解析解和描述圆柱体轴线上空穴生成和增长的空穴分岔解.给出了与泊松比和轴向伸长相关的径向临界伸长的表达式和空穴生成后的应力表达式;并通过数值算例讨论了这些参数对圆柱体轴线上空穴生成和增长、圆柱体的径向位移以及应力的集中和突变的影响,同时给出了相应的数值模拟.     

聚能射流侵彻径向扩孔的可压缩模型

聚能射流侵彻厚靶时,对靶材同时进行轴向和径向挤压进而发生轴向侵彻和径向扩孔。本文中基于聚能射流侵彻可压缩模型并结合Szendrei-Held扩孔方程,推导给出考虑弹/靶材料可压缩性的聚能射流扩孔方程。为简化完整可压缩模型繁琐的计算过程,又基于Murnaghan状态方程给出可压缩模型的近似解。与水中聚能射流扩孔的实验研究对比分析,表明该模型预测优于Szendrei-Held扩孔方程。模型分析表明,射流半径、驻点压力、靶材强度、驻点处靶材密度以及聚能射流速度是影响聚能射流扩孔的主要因素。本文模型可以更准确地预测聚能射流侵彻可压缩性较强的靶材的扩孔情况。相关工作可为含液密闭结构干扰聚能射流侵彻提供理论基础。     

冠状毛细血管长度非线性变化及渗透作用下的毛细血管血液流动

建立冠状毛细血管内血流的血液动力学模型，研究毛细血管长度沿轴向的非线性变化及冠状毛细血管与周围组织的渗透和物质交换对血液流动的影响。考虑单根长弹性并具有通透性的冠状毛细血管，毛细血管长度非线性变化，毛细血管内血液为粘性不可压缩牛顿流体，跨壁滤过遵循Starling定律，血浆胶体渗透压和血浆蛋白浓度成线性关系。建立血管半径的无量纲方程，数值求解不同生理参数情况下，左心室壁不同层中毛细血管沿长度平均的无量纲半径和不同层毛细血管的平均流量。结果显示，冠状毛细血管与周围组织的渗透和物质交换及毛细血管长度沿轴向的非线性变化对平均无量纲半径和平均出口流量几乎没有影响；而对弹性模量较小的毛细血管，则对心脏收缩期时的平均进口流量有不同程度的影响。     

平面应变条件下孔洞化不稳定性问题研究

考虑平面应变条件下，由一类推广的幂次neo—Hookean材料组成的内部分布温度场的圆柱体在轴向和径向载荷作用下的孔洞化不稳定性问题，研究中发现当材料参数满足一定的条件时，存在着一个载荷临界值，当外加载荷大于该临界值时，圆柱体中心将出现一个圆柱形的孔洞，即发生了孔洞化不稳定性现象并详细讨论了温度和材料参数对孔洞化极限载荷的影响。     

拉压性能不同材料全量型本构关系及厚壁筒的应力分析

将经典全量理论作了推广，考虑了应力状态及塑性体积变形对拉压性能不同材料的塑性行为的影响。应用该本构模型分别计算了厚壁筒在内压和外压作用下的应力分布。给出了径向应力、环向应力和轴向应力沿壁厚的分布图。将本文的计算解与拉压性能相同(不考虑体积变形、强化曲线唯一)的幂函数强化材料的厚壁筒的理论解进行了比较。结果表明，材料的拉压性能不同对厚壁筒的环向应力和轴向应力影响较大。因此，对于拉压性能不同材料，考虑到其对应力状态及塑性体积变形敏感时，是不能将其简化成拉压性能相同、体积不可压缩、强化曲线唯一的理想材料。     

圆柱壳的塑性膨胀和变形

根据材料不可压缩假设,适当选取材料塑性本构关系,将圆柱壳塑性膨胀运动简化为以圆柱壳内 半径为因变量的常微分方程初值问题。对3种初始内外半径比纯铜厚壁圆柱壳膨胀过程的计算表明,应变率 硬化阻碍圆柱壳的塑性膨胀运动,应变硬化和温度效应的影响可以忽略,而与圆柱壳的厚度无关。     

翻转的Varga材料球壳的渐近分支

众所周知,弹性球壳在翻转后可能不再保持球壳形状而出现起皱现象,也就是出现分支解。本文运用WKB方法,分析了各向同性且不可压缩的超弹性Varga材料球壳翻转后的变形问题。在大模数情形下,对于A-B=O(1),得到了球壳内、外径比的分支临界值的渐近表达式。对模数区域内几乎所有的模数,分析结果与数值结果吻合得很好。     

纳米增强预浸料缠绕立管参数敏感性分析

复合材料立管结构参数与立管力学性能存在紧密的关联性,掌握设计参数对缠绕立管力学性能的影响规律非常必要．考虑缠绕工艺引起的孔隙缺陷,基于复合材料弹性理论及孔隙微观理论模型,构建了纳米增强预浸料缠绕立管形变模型;其次,采用局部敏感度分析法,分别讨论了缠绕立管应力与位移对孔隙含量、孔隙形状、纳米颗粒含量、纤维体积含量、缠绕层数、缠绕角度及内压的局部敏感性;最终,数值结果表明：孔隙含量对轴向应力的影响局部敏感性较强,在孔隙含量为2.8 %~3.2 %之间时,轴向应力的局部敏感性数值快速从负数增长到正值;而孔隙的引入,使得其它设计参数对立管应力与位移的局部敏感性数值的变化趋势无明显影响,但大大影响了敏感性的数值大小;此外,径向位移对孔隙、纳米颗粒含量等所有参数明显不敏感．     

散体介质SHPB被动围压试验体应力计算的理论修正方法

SHPB被动围压试验为探究散体介质在爆炸和冲击荷载作用下的力学行为提供了一个行之有效的方法。针对相关试验设计和计算中存在的弊端和不足,借助经典板壳理论将SHPB被动围压试验中用于约束散体介质的刚性套筒简化为受均匀带状内压作用的圆柱形壳体。理论计算了套筒径向位移、环向应变与均匀带状内压及套筒几何、力学参数的关系,得到了套筒径向位移、环向应变沿其轴向的分布规律;分析了套筒长度、厚度、内外径以及均匀带状内压宽度之间等无量纲几何参数对计算结果的影响;将理论计算结果与试验和数值模拟结果进行对比,验证了理论计算结果的正确性。本文中提出的理论修正方法可为指导散体介质SHPB被动围压试验提供参考。     

一类可压缩超弹性柱体中微孔的径向增长

研究了一类可压缩超弹性材料组成的柱体在给定的径向拉伸作用下预存微孔的增长问题.利用能量变分原理将此类问题的数学模型归结为一个二阶非线性常微分方程的边值问题,并通过变数变换求得了方程的参数型解析解,得到了微孔的增长与给定的拉伸之间的精确关系.通过相应的数值算例,解释了材料参数和结构参数对微孔增长的影响,分析了柱体中应力的分布及径向位移的变化情况.     

On Structured Surfaces with Defects: Geometry,Strain Incompatibility,Stress Field,and Natural Shapes

In this paper we study the stress and deformation fields generated by nonlinear inclusions with finite eigenstrains in anisotropic solids. In particular, we consider finite eigenstrains in transversely isotropic spherical balls and orthotropic cylindrical bars made of both compressible and incompressible solids. We show that the stress field in a spherical inclusion with uniform pure dilatational eigenstrain in a spherical ball made of an incompressible transversely isotropic solid such that the material preferred direction is radial at any point is uniform and hydrostatic. Similarly, the stress in a cylindrical inclusion contained in an incompressible orthotropic cylindrical bar is uniform hydrostatic if the radial and circumferential eigenstrains are equal and the axial stretch is equal to a value determined by the axial eigenstrain. We also prove that for a compressible isotropic spherical ball and a cylindrical bar containing a spherical and a cylindrical inclusion, respectively, with uniform eigenstrains the stress in the inclusion is uniform (and hydrostatic for the spherical inclusion) if the radial and circumferential eigenstrains are equal. For compressible transversely isotropic and orthotropic solids, we show that the stress field in an inclusion with uniform eigenstrain is not uniform, in general. Nevertheless, in some special cases the material can be designed in order to maintain a uniform stress field in the inclusion. As particular examples to investigate such special cases, we consider compressible Mooney-Rivlin and Blatz-Ko reinforced models and find analytical expressions for the stress field in the inclusion.     

Finite elastic deformations of transversely isotropic circular cylindrical tubes

We consider the finite radially symmetric deformation of a circular cylindrical tube of a homogeneous transversely isotropic elastic material subject to axial stretch, radial deformation and torsion, supported by axial load, internal pressure and end moment. Two different directions of transverse isotropy are considered: the radial direction and an arbitrary direction in planes normal locally to the radial direction, the only directions for which the considered deformation is admissible in general. In the absence of body forces, formulas are obtained for the internal pressure, and the resultant axial load and torsional moment on the ends of the tube in respect of a general strain-energy function. For a specific material model of transversely isotropic elasticity, and material and geometrical parameters, numerical results are used to illustrate the dependence of the pressure, (reduced) axial load and moment on the radial stretch and a measure of the torsional deformation for a fixed value of the axial stretch.     

DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS IN INCOMPRESSIBLE HYPERELASTIC CYLINDRICAL MEMBRANES

In this paper, the dynamic characteristics are examined for a cylindrical membrane composed of a transversely isotropic incompressible hyperelastic material under an applied uniform radial constant pressure at its inner surface. A second-order nonlinear ordinary differential equation that approximately describes the radial oscillation of the inner surface of the membrane with respect to time is obtained. Some interesting conclusions are proposed for different materials, such as the neo-Hookean material, the Mooney-Rivlin material and the Rivlin-Saunders material. Firstly, the bifurcation conditions depending on the material parameters and the pressure loads are determined. Secondly, the conditions of periodic motion are presented in detail for membranes composed of different materials. Meanwhile, numerical simulations are also provided.     

Weakly non-linear waves in a fluid-filled elastic tube with variable prestretch

In the present work, by utilizing the non-linear equations of motion of an incompressible, isotropic thin elastic tube subjected to a variable prestretch both in the axial and the radial directions and the approximate equations of motion of an incompressible inviscid fluid, which is assumed to be a model for blood, we studied the propagation of weakly non-linear waves in such a medium, in the long wave approximation. Employing the reductive perturbation method we obtained the variable coefficient KdV equation as the evolution equation. By seeking a travelling wave solution to this evolution equation, we observed that the wave speed is variable in the axial coordinate and it decreases for increasing circumferential stretch (or radius). Such a result seems to be plausible from physical considerations.     

Stress field of orthotropic cylinder subjected to axial compression

Based on the constancy hypothesis of material volume, the circumferential and radial stresses of a cylinder specimen are analyzed when the cylinder is subject to a loading along the axial direction. The circumferential and radial stress distribution is a power function of radius parameter when the constitutive relation of specimen material is orthotropic. The stress distribution is a quadratic function of radius parameter for transversely isotropic material. Along the cylinder axial line, the circumferential and radial stresses are maximum and equal to each other. In the circumference boundary surface, the radial stress is zero and the circumferential stress value is minimal. The failure theory of maximum tensile circumferential strain is applied to calculate the critical axial loading. The circumference-boundary-layer failure criterion of orthotropic cylinders is described with the Hill-Tsai strength theory. The obtained strength theory is related to axial stress and mechanical properties of specimen material and to the specimen axialdeformation strain rate and the change rate of strain rate.     

Dynamical formation of cavity in transversely isotropic hyper-elastic spheres

The cavity formation in a radial transversely isotropic hyper-elastic sphere of an incompressible Ogden material, subjected to a suddenly applied uniform radial tensile boundary dead-load, is studied fllowing the theory of finite deformation dynamics. A cavity forms at the center of the sphere when the tensile load is greater than its critical value. It is proved that the evolution of the cavity radius with time follows that of nonlinear periodic oscillations. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10272069) and Shanghai Key Subject Program     

On differences between deterministic and statistical models of the interphase region

Acta Mechanica Sinica - Nonlinear vibration with axisymmetric 3: 1 internal resonance is investigated for an incompressible neo-Hookean hyperelastic cylindrical shell under both axial and radial...     

Static analysis of a long and thick orthotropic circular cylindrical shell of revolution

Summary An elasticity solution has been obtained for a long, thick transversely isotropic circular cylindrical shell subjected to distributed pinch load using a set of three displacement functions. Numerical results are presented for different materials and thickness to mean radius ratios. The results obtained from this analysis have been compared with classical and first-order shear deformation shell theories of Flugge, Sanders, Love and Donnell.     

QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF DYNAMICAL BEHAVIOR FOR AN IMPERFECT INCOMPRESSIBLE NEO-HOOKEAN SPHERICAL SHELL

IntroductionIn applications, it is commonly considered that the phenomena of cavity formation,growth and run-through of adjacent cavities occur in materials as precursors to failure. Thesephenomena are mainly due to instability of materials. On the other …