具有损伤耦合效应的弹塑性蠕变问题结构分析的变分原理

本文基于连续介质损伤力学中有效应力的概念,研究弹塑性蠕变问题中的损伤耦合,并应用由最优控制理论基本思想发展起来的参变量变分原理建立起用于弹塑性蠕变损伤问题结构分析的变分原理.文中给出了原理的证明.该原理的物理意义明确,表达式简单且规范,容易为数值手段实现.     

The parametric variational principle for Perzyna model in viscoplasticity

This paper presents the parametric variational principle for Perzyna model which isone of the main constitutive relations of viscoplasticity.The principle,by which the potentialenergy function is minimized under a constrained condition transformed by the constitutiverelations of viscoplasticity,is free from the bound of Drucker’s postulate of plastic flow andconsequently suitable for solving the nonassociated plastic flow problems.Furthermore,the paper has proven the presented principle and discussed the creep problem.     

CrMnFeCoNi纳米晶温度相关的拉伸行为研究

摘要：高熵合金是一种由多种主元元素组成的新型合金。实验研究表明等原子比CrMnFeCoNi高熵合金在低温下具有比室温更高的拉伸强度和断裂韧性。本文针对这一现象,利用分子动力学模拟对平均晶粒尺寸为6 nm的CrMnFeCoNi纳米晶在300、200和77 K下分别进行拉伸模拟。模拟研究揭示了纳米尺度CrMnFeCoNi高熵合金力学行为的温度效应和强韧机理。微结构演化分析表明：低温下,塑性变形阶段,滑移系开动的较少,位错滑移所受的阻力越大,屈服强度和抗拉强度越大;模型破坏时,孔洞缺陷形核较慢,更多孔洞缺陷演化成断口,更多的断口分摊拉伸应变,使得高熵合金纳米晶的低温韧性更好。     

Principle of minimum energy dissipation rate in steady Hele-Shaw flows

A new local form of the principle, in which dissipation is estimated only in a small vicinity of a free interface in steady Hele-Shaw flows, is proposed. It is established that for the problem of bubble propulsion the principle proposed is mathematically equivalent to the variational principle formulated by Saffman and Taylor without physical validation. It is shown that the new local form of the minimum dissipation principle effectively solves the problem of selection of a unique selection in the problems of both bubble and finger propulsion.     

The principle of correspondence between elastic and piezoelectric problems

Summary  A correspondence principle is established between elastic and piezoelectric problems for transversely isotropic materials, in such a way that the knowledge of an elastic solution yields fully coupled electro–elastic fields for the corresponding piezoelectric problem, provided the elastic solution is written in a certain form. The implementation of this principle is illustrated by constructing, in a routine way, several piezoelectric solutions involving crack and punch problems (one of them has not been solved previously). Received 12 Feburary 2002; accepted for publication 29 April 2002     

Variation-based cracked laminate analysis revisited and fundamentally extended

The analyses of cracked laminates based on a variational principle and related approaches are appraised in this paper. The limitations of the existing methodology on the analyses of more general laminate configurations have been identified. It has been revealed that the limiting factor is the lack of boundary conditions for uncracked laminae. Natural boundary conditions have then been derived from the variational principle to meet the need. Such boundary conditions are mathematically sound but cannot be simply interpreted from the physical construction of the problem intuitively. A well posed boundary value problem has thus been formulated for laminates containing however many cracked and uncracked laminae. Appropriate mathematical tools can then be employed to solve the boundary value problem. The capability of analysing cracked laminates has been enhanced significantly, as a result.     

弹性力学Hamilton方法广义解的适定性

首先引入了Hamilton体系中平面应力弹性力学问题正则方程的Galerkin变分方程,证明了Galerkin变分方程和目前文献中所用的Ritz变分方程的等价性,以及相应广义解的适定性,从而为目前的数值方法提供了理论基础。从证明过程中可以看到广义解实际上是Ritz变分泛函的一个鞍点。     

Rarefied gas flows based on variational principle

A variational principle has been utilized to study Couette flow, and Kramers' velocity slip problem with specular-diffuse reflection. The method leads to extremely satisfactory analytic results for the velocity slip coefficient and also for the variation of shear stress with inverse Knudsen number. This leads us to the conclusion that the present variational principle even with extremely simple trial functions, essentially suggested by continuum flow theory, is a useful means of computing macroscopic quantities of physical interest in rarefied gas dynamics.     

弹塑性岩土介质中渗透固结问题的参数二次规划法

岩土类介质在承受荷载时,不仅产生弹塑性变形,还伴随着渗流和固结,是一个关于时间的动态过程。本文建立起处理该问题的参变量变分原理以及相应的有限元方法,这样将原问题化为求解带约束条件(本构状态方程)的二次规划问题.文中讨论了单元的选取形式及具体的实施过程,还给出了一个实例.     

On a Darcy–Stefan Problem arising in freezing and thawing of saturated porous media

A model with phase change for material convection in a saturated porous medium with a frozen region is formulated as a Darcy-Stefan problem. We propose a new generalized formulation for this Stefan-type problem with convection governed by Darcy's law. This approach, which is valid for irregular geometries with irregular subregions, has the advantage of not requiring the smoothness of the temperature, that restricted previous mathematical works to two-dimensional particular cases. We show existence of generalized solutions, passing to the limit in suitable approximated problems, which in principle can be solved numerically by the finite element method. Received October 20, 1998     

On the kinematic minimum principle for the rate problem in classical plasticity

An alternative form is given of the kinematic minimum principle for the rate problem in classical, small displacement plasticity. This study was motivated by the theorem given by G. Maier (1969) based on a quadratic programming approach, but the result is derived from the classical theorem and has a simpler form than Maier's theorem.     

参变量变分原理的提出、发展与应用

参变量变分原理及其参数二次规划算法是由钟万勰院士1985年针对弹性接触边界非线性问题首次提出来的,经过将近40年的不断发展,目前参变量变分原理已经成功应用于各个领域,其中包括弹塑性分析、接触问题、润滑力学、岩土力学、变刚度杆系结构、先进材料性能分析、材料的蠕变与损伤、柔性结构力学和LQ最优控制等各个工程领域。本文首先回顾了参变量变分原理的起源,介绍了参变量变分原理的基本概念,然后以弹塑性分析问题为例,阐明建立参变量变分原理的理论模型以及实现数值参数二次规划求解原理,最后详细回顾了参变量变分原理的基本理论与相应数值算法在各个领域的发展及其工程应用,展示了参变量变分原理在求解各类非线性问题的特色与优势。     

一种裂纹扩展的递推分析方法及其Matlab实现

利用映射函数法将裂纹扩展动域变分问题化为定域变分问题,从最小势能原理出发推出裂纹扩展的递推积分方程,进一步用有限元法求得递推代数方程,用Matlab语言实现了裂纹扩展仿真算法,该算法不必在每次裂纹扩展后中进行裂纹物体的重构和网格的重分,有一定的实用价值.     

On the Optimal Shape of a Compressed Rotating Rod

By using Pontryagin's maximum principle we determine the shape of the lightest compressed rotating rod, stable against buckling. It is shown that the cross-sectional area function is determined from the solution of a nonlinear boundary value problem. A variational principle for this boundary value problem is formulated and a first integral is constructed. The optimal shape of a rod is determined by numerical integration.     

集中弯矩作用下圆弧裂纹的弯曲问题

Ｓｃｈｗａｒｚ对称原理结合复应力函数的奇异性分析的方法，对于分析集中载荷问题有独特的优越性。本文利用这个方法研究了任意位置的集中弯矩作用下含共圆圆弧裂纹板的弯曲问题，获得了一般问题解答，给出一个实际重要情形的封闭形式解；最后求得弯曲应力强度因子公式。本文公式的特殊情形，与现有经典结果吻合。     

考虑损伤累积的热弹塑性问题变分原理及其有限元方法

本文基于连续介质损伤力学中有效应力的概念，研究建筑结构抗火分析中遇到的热弹塑性问题与损伤的耦合，并运用参变量变分原理，建立起用于热弹塑性损伤问题结构分析的变分原理。本文给出了原理应用的有限元列式。具有明确的物理意义，表达形式规范，便于数值手段实现。     

The application of generalized variational principle in finite element-semianalytical method

The method developed in this paper is inspired by the viewpoint in ref. [1] that sufficient attention has not been paid to the value of the generalized variational principle in dealing with the boundary conditions in the finite element method. This method applies the generalized variational principle and chooses the series constituted by spline function multiplied by sinusoidal function and added by polynomial as the approximate deflection of plates and shells. By taking the deflection problem of thin plate, it shows that this method can solve the coupling problem in the finite element-semianalytical method. Compared with the finite element method and finite stripe method, this method has much fewer unknown variables and higher precision. Hence, it proposes an effective way to solve this kind of engineering problems by minicomputer.     

固体－气幕－液体耦合系统广义变分原理

基于驻值势能原理，本文建立了固体－气幕－液体耦合系统的广义变分原理．本文进一步根据薄气幕层的特性，将广义变分原理的相关项适当组合，得出结论，在薄气幕层情况下，固体－气幕－液体三介质耦合问题可以化为在气泡振动方程、速度与压力连续条件限制下的流－固两介质耦合问题来进行数值计算．     

Estimating Dirichlet's integral and electrical conductance for systems which are not self-adjoint

In simple electrical flow problems the Dirichlet integral of the potential function gives the electrical conductance. Moreover the Dirichlet integral of an arbitrary function satisfying the boundary condition gives an upper bound for the conductance. This last property (Dirichlet's principle) does not hold if the boundary value problem is not self-adjoint. This paper develops new algorithms for estimating the conductance. The proof of these algorithms replaces the Dirichlet principle with the elliptic maximum principle. There is an analogous discrete problem for conductance of electrical networks of the non-reciprocal type. The conductance problem both for continuous bodies and discrete networks can be treated by a single postulational theory.     

非线性粘弹性拟静态问题与非线性弹性静力问题对应原理

本文应用多重单边拉氏变换导出了非线性粘弹性拟静态问题与非线性弹性静力问题的对应关系,从而把过去认为只有线性条件下存在的粘弹性——弹性对应原理拓展到了非线性范畴