两相介质中波在平面界面上的反射

借助Ｂｉｏｔ多孔介质中的波动方程，根据各种界面条件导出了波在两相介质各种界面上反射的一般计算公式。作为例子，数值计算了Ｐ１波入射于几种典型界面时，Ｐ１、Ｐ２和Ｓ波的反射系数与频率、入射角之间的关系。结果表明：各种波的反射系数与入射角、频率有关系，若把多孔介质当作单相均一固体处理，将会得到显著不同的结果。     

两相介质中波在平面界面上的反射

借助Ｂｉｏｔ多孔介质中的波动方程，根据各种界面条件导出了波在两相介质各种界面上反射的一般计算公式。作为例子，数值计算了Ｐ１波入射于几种典型界面时，Ｐ１、Ｐ２和Ｓ波的反射系数与频率、入射角之间的关系。结果表明:各种波的反射系数与入射角、频率有关系，若把多孔介质当作单相均一固体处理，将会得到显著不同的结果。     

激波点燃粉尘的数值模拟研究

建立了用于模拟入射激波后可燃粉尘颗粒点火的一维非定常两相化学反应流模型，该模型考虑了气固两相间的相互作用、粉尘颗粒的加速、加热和化学反应。粉尘颗粒着火前的化学反应用发生在颗粒外表面和内孔表面的非均相反应描述，颗粒内部的温度变化用一含有化学反应源项的非稳态热传导方程来描述，以颗粒外表面温度的突跃上升作为可燃粉尘颗粒点燃的着火条件。我们用该模型和ＰＳＩＣ方法，对由中等强度激波从纯气相传入煤粉－氧气混合物而引起的非定常两相流动现象，包括气固两相间的相互作用、粉尘颗粒的加速、加热以及点火过程进行了数值研究，计算了对应于不同载荷比、马赫数为４～５的入射激波后煤尘颗粒的点火延迟时间，分析了由于可燃粉尘颗粒的存在，入射激波及波后气固两相流动参数的变化规律。数值计算结果与实验数据符合较好。文中建立的模型和所用的基于ＰＳＩＣ算法的数值方法，用最自然的方式描述气固两相流动，即用连续流模型（欧拉方程）描述输运相（气相）的流动，用轨道颗粒模型（拉格朗日方程）描述分散相（颗粒相）的运动。用这种方法模拟含尘介质中激波后颗粒的点火是很有效的，它可以清楚地确定哪一个颗粒群最先着火，它的初始位置以及在整个点火延迟时间内     

硅相锌基复合材料减摩抗磨性能的研究

为了改善锌铝合金在干摩擦条件下的耐磨性能，拓宽它的工程应用范围，在其中添加质量分数为１０％的Ｓｉ，同时以质量分数０．１％～０．３％的Ｐ－Ｃｕ对硅相进行变质处理，研制出硅相增强锌基复合材料，并且对这种材料的减摩抗磨性能进行了试验研究．结果表明：硅相锌基复合材料分别在干摩擦和２０＃机械油滴油润滑条件下的减摩抗磨性能良好．扫描电子显微镜观察发现，硅相锌基复合材料中的硅相经变质处理得以细化和分布均匀化，这对改善锌铝合金的综合性能具有重要作用；由于硅相的硬度远比基体的高，在滑动摩擦过程中可以起支撑作用，减少偶件与基体的直接接触而降低摩擦磨损     

两相流PIV粒子图像处理方法的研究

本文在单相PIV技术的基础上研究了两相流动PIV图像处理方法，采用摸板匹配法和灰度加权标定法对两相粒子进行了识别、区分和标定，采用灰度互相关法对区分后的单相粒子图像进行了处理，应用基于以上方法编制的Windows应用软件，首先对由美国Minnesota大学复杂流动实验室提供的两相流动粒子图片进行了处理，通过对比分析可见，应用本文所采用的方法能对两相粒子进行有效的识别和区分，然后以搅拌槽内液固两相流场为例对此方法进行了应用。     

两相流场粒子成像测速技术(PTV-PIV)初探

在单相ＰＴＶ－ＰＩＶ研究基础上，研究液固两相流场粒子成像图像数字测速技术．首次用ＰＴＶ技术得到直槽道中液固两相流场二维瞬时全场两相流速分布．初步探讨了两相ＰＴＶ－ＰＩＶ技术中与单相ＰＴＶ－ＰＩＶ测速技术的关键不同之处，提出两相ＰＴＶ－ＰＩＶ测速采样的两相相容性准则．为深入研究两相流场粒子成像测速技术奠定了基础．     

密相液固两相湍流流动研究

在ＩＰＳＡＲ算法基础上推导了适用于考虑液度变化影响的密相液固两相湍流流动数值计算的ＤＩＰＳＡＲ算法，并采用低雷诺数模型，对竖直上升管中密相液固两相湍流分别采用ＩＰＳＡＲ算法和ＤＩＰＳＡＲ算法进行了数值计算，计算值与实测值较符合，计算结果的比较表明ＤＩＰＳＡＲ算法能更有效地预测密相液固两相湍流流动     

FP-1 直接驱动套筒内爆技术研究

在ＦＰ－１装置上已成功地进行了３．９４ｇ固体铝套筒的内爆实验，加载电流达２．３ＭＡ，理论预估内爆速度最大可达２．０ｋｍ／ｓ。同时，具备了相对应的零维、一维流体力学模拟计算能力，可以有效地配合实验工作的开展。     

“两相流原理及测试技术”研究生课程案例库初建与教学实践

随着社会发展，对研究生的政治素养、科学精神和创新能力的培养要求日益提高。“两相流原理及测试技术”课程教学目标要求学生理解两相流动规律，掌握常用两相流动测试方法，践行工匠精神；论文提出了课程案例库建设的必要性，以课程内容发展现状、数值模拟求解结果和两相参数测试方法作为材料建立了案例库，探索了案例库的教学方法。旨在为研究生课程阶段的培养提供参考，以满足专业能力和思政素养的培养要求。     

柱体形状对气液两相涡街的影响

本文试验研究了柱体形状对气液两相涡街的影响，得出了在气液两相流中的最佳涡街发生体和发生两相涡街时，两相斯托拉赫数，来流截面含气率，水流量三者之间的关系。试验工质为水和空气，混合物流动方向垂直向上。参数范围：相对压强０．０－０．２ＭＰａ；来流截面含气率０．０－０．３５；水流量０．０－２６ｍ３／ｈ。     

不同参数下环形通道内湍流旋流流动的模拟

应用一种合理考虑湍流一旋流相互作用及湍流脉动各向异性的新的代数ＲｅｙｎｏｌｄＳ应力模型,对环形通道内的湍流旋流流动进行了数值模拟．研究了旋流数、进口轴向速度和内外半径比等参数对环形通道内湍流旋流流动的影响,以及由此产生的流场变化对强化环形通道内传热的作用．     

分级进风燃烧室内含颗粒的湍流反应流的实验研究

应用三维激光粒子动态分析仪(PDA)，对分级进风燃烧室内含颗粒的湍流反应流的气 固两相瞬时速度场进行了实验测量，同时对单相湍流反应流的瞬时速度场也进行了实验测 量. 得到了两种情况下燃烧室内气固两相和单相气体的平均轴向与切向速度、轴向与切向脉 动速度均方根值和轴向-切向脉动速度二阶关联量的分布.     

统一二阶矩模型用于模拟旋流湍流两相流动

用统一二阶矩模型（ＵＳＭ）模拟了旋流数为０４７和１５的气粒两相流动，并和实验结果以及ｋ ε ｋｐ模型的模拟结果进行了对比．研究结果表明，提高旋流数减小了轴向速度反流区，增大了切向速度似固核区．ＵＳＭ和ｋ ε ｋｐ模型预报旋流数为０４７时的两相速度场差别不大，并都和实验结果接近，但前者预报的旋流数为１５的两相速度场比后者有改进，在两种情况下，前者都能揭示出后者无法预报的两相湍流各向异性规律．     

旋流燃烧室内湍流燃烧速度场的实验研究

建立了采用分级进风方式的同轴射流旋流燃烧室实验装置，选用耐高温的氧化铝细粉作为示踪粒子，实现了用三维激光粒子动态分析仪(PDA)测量湍流旋流燃烧的热态瞬时速度场．在分级进风比率和旋流致不同的3组实验工况条件下，得到了气体时均轴向与切向速度、轴向与切向脉动速度均方根值和轴向—切向脉动速度二阶关联量的分布．     

Confined and Agitated Swirling Flows with Applications in Chemical Engineering

Turbulent, swirling flows are encountered frequently in chemical engineering practice. In this article, experiments and simulations on two classes of swirling flows, viz. agitated flows (stirred tanks), and confined swirling flows are discussed. Results of large-eddy simulations of stirred tank flow are compared with experimental data, mainly phase-resolved LDA data of the flow in the vicinity of the impeller. Next to the average velocity field, also the turbulent kinetic energy, and the anisotropy of the Reynolds stress tensor have been assessed. An important application of confined swirling flow is the cyclone separator (hydrocyclones for the separation of liquids, gas cyclones for gas-solid separation). The flow in a swirl tube geometry exhibiting many of the typical features of swirl flows (e.g. vortex breakdown) is discussed. Furthermore, a large-eddy simulation of the gas flow in a high-efficiency Stairmand cyclone separator is presented. Two examples of process modeling based on flow simulations are briefly treated: orthokinetic agglomeration of crystals in a stirred tank, and particle separation in a cyclone. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Numerical and experimental study of an axially induced swirling pipe flow

In-line flow segregators based on axial induction of swirling flow have important applications in chemical, process and petroleum production industries. In the later, the segregation of gas bubbles and/or water droplets dispersed into viscous oil by swirling pipe flow may be beneficial by either providing a pre-separation mechanism (bubble and/or drop coalescer) or, in the case of water-in-oil dispersions, by causing a water-lubricated flow pattern to establish in the pipe (friction reduction). Works addressing these applications are rare in the literature. In this paper, the features and capabilities of swirling pipe flow axially induced by a vane-type swirl generator were investigated both numerically and experimentally. The numerical analysis has been carried out using a commercial CFD package for axial Reynolds numbers less than 2000. Pressure drop, tangential and axial velocity components as well as swirl intensity along a 5 cm i.d. size and 3 m long pipe were computed. Single phase flow experiments have been performed using a water–glycerin solution of 54 mPa s viscosity and 1210 kg/m³ density as working fluid. The numerical predictions of the pressure drop were compared with the experimental data and agreement could be observed within the range of experimental conditions. The experiments confirmed that swirl flow leads to much higher friction factors compared with theoretical values for non-swirl (i.e. purely axial) flow. Furthermore, the addition of a conical trailing edge reduces vortex breakdown. Visualization of the two-phase swirling flow pattern was achieved by adding different amounts of air to the water–glycerin solution upstream the swirl generator.     

Cold flow experiments in an entrained flow gasification reactor with a swirl-stabilized pulverized biofuel burner

Short particle residence time in entrained flow gasifiers demands the use of pulverized fuel particles to promote mass and heat transfer, resulting high fuel conversion rate. The pulverized biomass particles have a wide range of aspect ratios which can exhibit different dispersion behavior than that of spherical particles in hot product gas flows. This results in spatial and temporal variations in temperature distribution, the composition and the concentration of syngas and soot yield. One way to control the particle dispersion is to impart a swirling motion to the carrier gas phase. This paper investigates the dispersion behavior of biomass fuel particles in swirling flows. A two-phase particle image velocimetry technique was applied to simultaneously measure particle and gas phase velocities in turbulent isothermal flows. Post-processed PIV images showed that a poly-dispersed behavior of biomass particles with a range of particle size of 112–160 µm imposed a significant impact on the air flow pattern, causing air flow decelerated in a region of high particle concentration. Moreover, the velocity field, obtained from individually tracked biomass particles showed that the swirling motion of the carrier air flow gives arise a rapid spreading of the particles.     

Turbulent flow in converging nozzles,part one: boundary layer solution

The boundary layer integral method is used to investigate the development of the turbulent swirling flow at the entrance region of a conical nozzle. The governing equations in the spherical coordinate system are simplified with the boundary layer assumptions and integrated through the boundary layer. The resulting sets of differential equations are then solved by the fourth-order Adams predictor-corrector method. The free vortex and uniform velocity profiles are applied for the tangential and axial velocities at the inlet region, respectively. Due to the lack of experimental data for swirling flows in converging nozzles, the developed model is validated against the numerical simulations. The results of numerical simulations demonstrate the capability of the analytical model in predicting boundary layer parameters such as the boundary layer growth, the shear rate, the boundary layer thickness, and the swirl intensity decay rate for different cone angles. The proposed method introduces a simple and robust procedure to investigate the boundary layer parameters inside the converging geometries.     

环形通道内湍流旋流流动的数值模拟

本文应用一种考虑湍流－旋流相互作用及湍流脉动各向异性的新的代数Ｒｅｙｎｏｌｄｓ应力模型,对环形通道内的湍流旋流流动进行了数值模拟,研究了改主为旋流流数,进口轴向速度及半径比等参数对环形通道内湍流流动的影响,以及对强化环形通道内传热的作用。     

强旋湍流气－固两相流动的颗粒随机轨道法模拟

应用颗粒随机轨道模型，并与一种新的代数Ｒｅｙｎｏｌｄｓ应力模型相结合，对新型煤粉涡旋燃烧炉内强旋湍流气。固两相流动进行了数值模拟。得到了与实验相符合的颗粒相密度分布和质量流分布。计算结果表明，在涡旋燃烧炉内的强旋湍流流场中，外壁附近颗粒浓度最高，颗粒停留时间加长，气－固两相间滑移速度增大。