拉压性能不同材料厚壁圆筒与厚壁球壳的极限压力

本文就拉压屈服极限不同的理想弹塑性材料厚壁圆筒及厚壁球壳在内压力作用下进行了应力分析，得到了依赖于压拉比的弹性极限载荷与塑性极限载荷．由分析结果可见，拉压性能不同材料的弹性极限载荷与塑性极限载荷均有所提高，并且随着壁厚的增加提高量也有显著增加．     

拉压性能不同材料厚壁圆筒与厚壁球壳的极限压力

本文就拉压屈服极限不同的理想弹塑性材料厚壁圆筒及厚壁球壳在内压力作用下进行了应力分析，得到了依赖于压拉比的弹性极限载荷与塑性极限载荷。由分析结果可见，拉压性能不同材料的弹性极限载荷与塑性极限载荷均有所提高，并且随着壁厚的增加提高量也有显著增加。     

不同拉压特性的厚壁球壳分析

为了研究内压作用下厚壁球壳的弹塑性性能,以双剪统一强度理论为基础,考虑材料拉压模量不同、拉压强度差异,建立了厚壁球壳的弹性、塑性及安定极限内压的统一解,分析了拉压模量、拉压强度、壁厚不同对各个统一解的影响。研究结果表明:材料的拉压模量不同、拉压强度差异对厚壁球壳的极限内压产生一定的影响;弹性、塑性及安定极限内压均随壁厚的增加而增大,随拉压比的增大而减小。安定极限内压随半径比的变化趋势,可为选择最优壁厚提供参考。该结论为厚壁球壳的设计及工程应用提供一定的参考。     

拉压屈服强度不同材料的厚壁球壳的极限分析

本文对拉压屈服强度不同（简称具有Ｓ－Ｄ效应）材料的厚壁球壳进行了极限分析。证明材料的拉压屈服强度不同对结构承载能力的影响是很明显的，所获得的反映材料拉压屈服强度不同的极限荷载公式可供设计人员参考。     

不同拉压模量厚壁球壳弹塑性分析

对具有不同拉压模量的厚壁球壳,采用双剪统一强度理论推导了其扩张问题的应力及位移的统一解.分析了不同模量、不同模型控制参数对厚壁球壳扩张时的扩张压力和应力场的影响.结果表明:厚壁球壳弹性极限压力、应力场、位移场等均随着模量控制参数、模型参数的变化而变化,在α1的情况下(即E~+E~-),可以明显提高球壳的弹性极限压力p_e;厚壁球壳塑性极限压力与材料的拉压模量无关,与模型参数η有关,且随η的增加,先增大后减小.因此若采用经典的弹性理论和单一的模型参数对厚壁球壳进行设计计算,会带来较大的误差.     

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对具有不同拉压模量的厚壁球壳,采用双剪统一强度理论推导了其扩张问题的应力及位移的 统一解. 分析了不同模量、不同模型控制参数对厚壁球壳扩张时的扩张压力和应力场的影响. 结果表明：厚壁球壳弹性极限压力、应力场、位移场等均随着模量控制参数、模型参数的变 化而变化,在$\alpha<1$的情况下(即$E^ + < E^ - $),可以明显提高球壳的弹 性极限压力$p_e $; 厚壁球壳塑性极限压力与材料的拉压模量无关,与模型参数$\eta $有关,且随$\eta$的增加,先增大后减小. 因此若采用经典的弹性理论和单一的 模型参数对厚壁球壳进行设计计算,会带来较大的误差.     

用库仑-莫尔屈服准则对厚壁球的极限分析

用库仑－莫尔屈服准则对厚壁球进行了极限分析。该分析能够较好地反映出考虑材料的拉压屈服强度不同而对结构极限承载能力的影响。结果表明,厚壁球的极限承载能力随坟拉比Ｋ的增大而增大。本文导出的公式,对于理论研究和工程设计都具有参考价值。     

线性强化材料厚壁圆筒的统一极限分析

运用统一强度理论对承受内压的拉压屈服强度不同的线性强化材料的厚壁圆筒进行了极限载荷分析，得到了适用于多种材料的厚壁圆筒极限载荷的统一解析式．     

拉压性能不同材料厚壁圆筒和厚壁球壳的极限压力分析

本文用广义双剪应力强度理论对拉压性能不同的材料制成的厚壁圆筒和厚壁球壳进行了弹塑性应力分析，得出与拉压比有关的弹性极限内压力、塑性极限内压力、弹塑性区的应力以及弹塑性内压力与弹塑性半径之间的关系式．     

不同拉压特性的厚壁圆筒极限内压统一解

厚壁圆筒在实际工程领域中应用广泛,若能精确计算出极限内压,对预防事故发生,降低风险有重要意义.工程中存在许多材料,其拉压强度和拉压模量均存在差异,这些差异对极限内压的大小有显著影响.以往研究表明,仅考虑拉压强度与拉压模量的一个方面,计算结果与实际情况存在一定的误差.本文基于双剪统一强度理论,综合考虑中间主应力效应及材料拉压强度和拉压模量的不同,推导了内压作用下厚壁圆筒的弹、塑性状态的应力分布及弹性极限内压、塑性极限内压与安定极限内压的统一解,通过与其他文献对比分析验证了本文计算结果的正确性,分析了半径比、统一强度理论参数、拉压强度比与拉压模量系数对弹性极限内压、塑性极限内压及安定极限内压的影响.结果表明:统一解均随半径比和统一强度理论参数的增大而增大,随拉压强度比的增大而减小,弹性极限内压随材料拉压模量系数的增大而减小,当壁厚增加到一定值后,安定极限内压随材料拉压模量系数的增大而减小;材料的拉压模量不同、拉压强度差异对厚壁圆筒的安定性影响显著,考虑中间主应力效应可使材料的潜能得到更充分发挥,极限内压随半径比的变化规律可为选择合理壁厚提供参考,该结论可为厚壁圆筒的工程应用提供理论依据.     

Continuum modeling of a porous solid with pressure-sensitive dilatant matrix

The pressure-sensitive plastic response of a material has been studied in terms of the intrinsic sensitivity of its yield stress to pressure and the presence and growth of cavities. This work focuses on the interplay between these two distinctly different mechanisms and the attendant material behavior. To this end, a constitutive model is proposed taking both mechanisms into account. Using Gurson's homogenization, an upper bound model is developed for a voided solid with a plastically dilatant matrix material. This model is built around a three-parameter axisymmetric velocity field for a unit sphere containing a spherical void. The void is also subjected to internal pressure; this can be relevant for polymeric adhesives permeated by moisture that vaporizes at elevated temperatures. The plastic response of the matrix material is described by Drucker–Prager's yield criterion and an associated flow rule. The resulting yield surface and porosity evolution law of the homogenized constitutive model are presented in parametric form. Using the solutions to special cases as building blocks, approximate models with explicit forms are proposed. The parametric form and an approximate explicit form are compared against full-field solutions obtained from finite element analysis. They are also studied for loading under generalized tension conditions. These computational simulations shed light on the interplay between the two mechanisms and its enhanced effect on yield strength and plastic flow. Among other things, the tensile yield strength of the porous solid is greatly reduced by the internal void pressure, particularly when a liquid/vapor phase is the source of the internal pressure.     

混凝土靶体计及压实效应的球腔动态膨胀模型和侵彻计算

建立了一混凝土靶体的球腔动态膨胀的侵彻模型。靶体的静水压力一体积应变关系考虑了不同的密实混凝土模型。也研究了混凝土作为多孔材料在高压下的压实效应。混凝土有拉伸强度极限值，其剪切强度与压力相关为Mohr—Coulomb定律。球腔动态膨胀模型考虑球对称空腔在无限介质里从零半径开始以常速度膨胀，产生一塑性区和一弹性区。当膨胀速度足够小时，由于介质的低拉伸强度，塑性区和弹性区之间可存在一径向裂纹区。可由解析方法获得空腔表面压力和弹塑性区界面传播速度随空腔表面扩张速度变化的曲线，再由球腔动态膨胀模型所得的空腔表面压力分布用于计算混凝土靶体的刚性杆弹侵彻深度。本文模型的计算结果与经验公式，不可压缩和线性可压缩混凝土模型的进行了比较。     

Analytic plastic potential for porous aggregates with matrix exhibiting tension-compression asymmetry

This paper is devoted to modeling the effects of the tension-compression asymmetry of the matrix on yielding of the void-matrix aggregate. The matrix plastic behavior is described by the Cazacu et al. [2006. Orthotropic yield criterion for hexagonal closed packed metals. Int. J. Plasticity 22, 1171-1194] isotropic yield criterion, which captures strength differential effects. Using an upper-bound approach, a new analytic isotropic plastic potential for a random distribution of spherical voids is obtained. The derived analytic potential is sensitive to the third invariant of the stress deviator and displays tension-compression asymmetry. In the case when the matrix material has the same yield in tension and compression, it reduces to Gurson's [1977. Continuum theory of ductile rupture by void nucleation and growth: Part I: Yield criteria and flow rules for porous ductile media. J. Eng. Mater. Technol. Trans. ASME Ser. H 99, 2-15.] criterion. Furthermore, the proposed criterion predicts the exact solution of a hollow sphere loaded in hydrostatic tension or compression. The accuracy of the proposed analytical criterion is assessed through comparisons with finite-element cell calculations.     

Buckling of thick cylindrical shells under external pressure: A new analytical expression for the critical load and comparison with elasticity solutions

In this paper a set of stability equations for thick cylindrical shells is derived and solved analytically. The set is obtained by integration of the differential stability equations across the thickness of the shell. The effects of transverse shear and the non-linear variation of the stresses and displacements are accounted for with the aid of the higher order shell theory proposed by [Voyiadjis, G.Z. and Shi, G., 1991, A refined two-dimensional theory for thick cylindrical shells, International Journal of Solids and Structures, 27(3), 261–282.]. For a thick shell under external hydrostatic pressure, the stability equations are solved analytically and yield an improved expression for the buckling load. Reference solutions are also obtained by solving numerically the differential stability equations. Both the full set that contains strains and rotations as well as the simplified set that contains rotations only were solved numerically. The relative magnitude of shear strain and rotation was examined and the effect of thickness was quantified. Differences between the benchmark solutions and the analytic expressions based on the refined theory and the classical shell theory are analysed and discussed. It is shown that the new analytic expression provides significantly improved predictions compared to the formula based on thin shell theory.     

Behaviour of an incrementally elastic thick walled sphere under internal and external pressure

The behaviour of a thick walled sphere underinternal and external pressure is considered. The material of the sphere is assumed to obey an incrementally elastic constitutive law. There is no restriction on the size of the deformation and a solution is given in terms of special functions associated with the non-linear differential equations of the problem.As a numerical example the behaviour of a spherical shell, subjected to internal pressure, is described. It is shown that at a certain critical pressure instability of the second kind (inflation) is obtained.     

四边固支球面扁壳的解析解

本文用解析法四边固支球面扁壳的在均布荷载作用下的内力和挠度进行了计算。