直杆碰撞刚性壁弹塑性动力后屈曲有限元分析

利用显式动力学有限元方法对直杆弹塑性动力后屈曲进行了分析,模拟了直杆轴向碰撞动力屈曲的变形及发展过程。分析中在直杆碰撞端局部临界屈曲长度范围内引入半正弦波形式的初始缺陷,计算结果与文献中的实验数据获得了很好的一致。分析结果表明,随着碰撞过程中所产生的应力波逐渐向前传播,后屈曲变形过程中所呈现的多个半波形式的高阶屈曲模态由初始具有单个半波形式的简单屈曲模态迅速演变而成。分析结果同时也揭示了直杆动力屈曲变形发展的机理,以及轴向应力波和屈曲变形的相互作用规律。     

轴向冲击载荷下薄壁折纹管的屈曲模态与吸能

在方管的基础上引入折纹结构, 利用几何关系建立折纹管的折角公式。采用LS-DYNA软件研究了6种折纹管在轴向冲击下的屈曲模态与能量吸收性能, 并与方管进行对比分析。结果表明, 折纹管在冲击载荷作用下屈曲变形过程可分为3个阶段, 初始峰值阶段、稳定渐进屈曲阶段和密实化阶段。折角是影响初始峰值载荷和平均载荷的重要因素之一, 折纹结构的引入有效的降低了初始峰值载荷, 减小了冲击力的波动幅度; 折纹管的比吸能低于方管, 但是在特定折角下, 折纹管的压缩力效率和比总体效率高于方管。     

轴向冲击下圆柱壳非轴对称屈曲耗散能分析

主要研究受轴向冲击圆柱壳非对称屈曲耗能,从轴向屈曲变形、环向屈曲变形和轴向压 缩变形3个角度进行理论推导. 结果表明: 环向屈曲变形能随屈曲折叠边数增加有减小 趋势, 且占总耗能比例很小,可知圆柱壳受轴向冲击屈曲过程中外力做功主要转变为轴向变形 能,环向屈曲变形消耗外力功很少.     

弹塑性梁在轴向应力波下的动态屈曲

本文考虑轴向应力波效应，利用分叉理论研究各种支承半无限长弹塑性梁的动态屈曲问题。在轴向阶梯载荷和脉冲载荷冲击下得到了梁的临界屈曲载荷及初始屈曲模态。其结果与实验现象相一致。同时也为研究结构动态屈曲问题提供了有效途径。     

锥壳的轴压屈曲

依据新的精确的锥壳屈曲分支方程 ,研究承受轴向压力的刚性圆顶夹支截锥壳的稳定性。构造的屈曲模态接近分支点变形。应用 Galerkin法计算了各种截锥比壳体在全锥度的临界特征值、屈曲荷载和临界应力。结果表明 ,轴压屈曲临界应力σcr 随几何参数ν的减小和截锥比λ的增大而减小。     

受轴向冲击圆柱壳的塑性动力屈曲研究

令屈曲模态同时包含轴向坐标x和环向坐标 ,通过最优模态的分析 ,直接得到各向同性线性强化刚塑性圆柱壳受轴向冲击时发生轴对称屈曲或非轴对称屈曲时的临界速度 ,在此基础上讨论了临界速度与径厚比的关系。     

圆柱约束下细长压杆屈曲及后屈曲行为

研究了轴向力作用下受圆柱横向约束的弹性杆的屈曲和后屈曲行为。通过有限元模拟，分析了细长压杆发生正弦和螺旋屈曲的轴向临界力，提出了正弦和螺旋屈曲临界点判定方法，且与文献结果比较验证了分析的正确性。同时考察了长细比和边界条件等因素对临界力的影响。结果表明正弦屈曲临界力和螺旋屈曲临界力随杆的长细比减小而增大。杆在一定长度范围内，端部约束条件对临界屈曲载荷及模态的影响不可忽略；当杆的长度足够长时，可以忽略边界条件对临界载荷的影响。     

匀速轴向压力作用下两边简支直杆的动力屈曲

根据在不同的变形状态下匀速轴向受压的、两边简支的弹性直杆的动力屈曲控制方程,对直杆一阶、二阶形式的动力屈曲利用差分方法和有限元数值模拟方法进行计算和比较,并通过改变加载速度得到相应的数值解。计算结果表明:在保证精度的情况下,加载速度的增加使得两边简支直杆屈曲模态由一阶向二阶发生渐变;在屈曲刚发生阶段,屈曲载荷保持不变,之后屈曲载荷随着加载速度的增加而逐渐增大,且存在临界加载速度使屈曲载荷在该位置发生突变。     

直杆塑性动力屈曲的双特征参数解

在关于轴向弹塑性压缩波下直杆塑性动力屈曲的研究中,将临界应力和屈曲惯性项指数参数作为一对特征参数求解．由动力屈曲发生瞬间的能量转换和守恒准则,导出波阵面上的屈曲变形补充约束条件．失稳控制方程、边界条件、塑性波阵面上的连续条件和补充约束条件构成定量求解两个特征参数和动力屈曲模态的完备条件。     

充液圆柱壳轴向冲击屈曲的实验研究与计算机数值模拟

借助落锤装置实现冲击加载,完成了一组充满水的金属薄壁圆柱壳试件轴向冲击屈曲过程的实验研究,同时利用LS－DYNA大型动力软件对冲击屈曲的全过程进行了计算机模拟,对于屈曲模态发展过程以及冲击力和液压的动态时程曲线,实验观察和数值结果均表现出较好的一致性,研究表明,在撞击过程中壳内形成很大的液体压力,在此内压和轴向压缩的联合作用下,壳壁发生轴对称塑性屈曲,屈曲模态为一系列依次发展的环带波纹。     

Development mechanism of local plastic buckling in bars subjected to axial impact

In order to clarify the developmental mechanism of the local plastic buckling and the interaction between axial wave and buckling deformation in an axially impacted slender-bar, the non-linear dynamic equations in the incremental form are derived and solved by use of the finite difference method, with the axial wave front treated as a moving boundary. The initial local-buckling deflection given by the characteristic-value analysis is used as the initial condition of the solution of the equations, instead of the initial imperfection that is assumed in literatures. It is found that the initial buckling deflection with one half-wave, occurring near the impacted end, develops into the higher post-buckling mode with several half-waves, as the axial compression waves propagate forward. The numerical results show that no strain reversal occurs at the early stage of post-buckling process, and the solution corresponding to the tangent-modulus theory is valid for the dynamic plastic post-buckling response of the bar at this stage. The theoretical results are in good agreement with the experimental results reported in the literature.     

受圆形表面单面约束的点锚固圆环热屈曲分析

应用Ｗ．Ｔ．Ｋｏｉｔｅｒ的初始后屈曲理论，研究了受圆形混凝土表面单面约束的点锚固圆环的热屈曲问题，根据混凝土容器壁的几何约束条件，假设了圆环的合理屈曲模状，得出了圆环在两锚固点之间发生屈曲的临界温度，并研究了其后屈曲性态和缺陷敏感性。结果表明，临界点和后屈曲路径的平衡均为稳定的，圆环对于与屈曲模态形状相同的缺陷是不敏感的。     

JUMPING INSTABILITIES IN THE POST-BUCKLING OF A BEAM ON A PARTIAL NONLINEAR FOUNDATION

Mode jumping is an instability phenomenon in the post-buckling region, which causes a sudden change in the equilibrium configuration and is thus harmful to structure. The con- figuration of a partial elastic foundation can directly induce mode coupling from the buckling stage and through the whole post-buckling region. The mode coupling effect due to the configuration of partial foundation on mode jumping is investigated and demonstrated to be an important factor of determining mode jumping. By properly choosing the partial elastic foundation configuration, mode jumping can be avoided.     

复合材料多墙盒段弯扭耦合下的屈曲和后屈曲

针对复合材料典型多墙盒段，采用试验和有限元分析相结合的方法，研究了弯扭耦合载荷作用下的稳定性、承载能力及损伤起始、扩展情况．试验采用数字图像相关(Digital Image Correlation, DIC)测量方法捕捉试验件屈曲模态的变化过程，通过载荷-应变曲线获得屈曲和后屈曲破坏载荷．数值仿真基于ABAQUS/Explicit模块，采用Hashin准则结合刚度降的VUSDFLD子程序模拟复合材料的屈曲和后屈曲行为．研究结果表明，多墙盒段在弯扭载荷组合作用下发生屈曲时，扭矩会改变屈曲模态的分布形式和对称性，屈曲鼓包依然保持波峰、波谷交替出现；多墙盒段后屈曲阶段历程较长，屈曲模态由一阶向高阶逐渐发展，直到结构发生过大变形，彻底破坏而失去承载能力．     

Mechanism of buckling development and strain reversal occurrence in elastic–plastic cylindrical shells under axial impact

In order to clarify the mechanism of loading and unloading, buckling growth, and strain-reversal occurrence in elastic–plastic cylindrical shells that are impacted axially, non-linear dynamic equations in incremental form are derived and solved by using the finite difference method. The validity of the developed theory is verified by comparing theoretical and experimental results. From the calculation results, it is found that, at the initial stage of the impact process, the effective stress related to the middle-surface stresses in the part near the impacted end rises with time, and exhibits plastic loading. The radial restraints on the impacted end have obvious influence on the strain reversal occurrence at an early stage of the impact process. The effective modulus controls the post-buckling deformation of the shell, which contrasts with the situation for the bar to be impacted axially.     

安全壳中钢衬壳热屈曲问题理论与实验研究(I)———理论分析部分

钢衬壳热屈曲问题是核工程安全壳设计中的主要问题把铆固之间的钢衬壳视为钢衬板的特殊缺陷形式，利用Ｋｏｉｔｅｒ初始后屈曲理论分析了完善和具有初始缺陷钢衬壳的弹性热后屈曲性态给出了用挠度－温度载荷表示的钢衬壳的后屈曲平衡路径表达式和屈曲临界载荷表达式具体分析了三种钢衬壳模型：四点铆固钢衬壳、四边固支钢衬壳和五点铆固钢衬壳给出了钢衬的初始缺陷、锚钉间距、钢衬厚度等参数对钢衬热屈曲载荷的影响结果对安全壳中钢衬壳的设计有很好的参考价值     

阶跃扭矩作用下弹性圆柱壳冲击屈曲

本文首先基于Koiter初始后屈曲理论和Thompson离散坐标方法,给出了受扭圆柱壳的缺陷敏感性分析及冲击扭转屈曲渐近分析,并指出它对应于对称失稳的情形。然后通过求解受扭圆柱壳的非线性动力学方程,指出在阶跃扭矩作用下的后屈曲阶段,壳体的振动幅值剧增,周期变大。     

Buckling in Space and Time

A personal overview of the buckling process is given, based on more than 30 years research experience. A fundamental distinction is drawn between structures that tend to distribute their pattern of buckling over the entire available length, and those that favour limiting it to a localized portion. Difficulties are compounded by the fact that localized solutions typically are shadowed by distributed counterparts. The difference is found to depend primarily on the stability of the system at the point of buckling. When an unstable localized form shows a tendency to restabilize, a pattern known as cellular buckling can develop, taking place sequentially in both space and time. The paper focuses particularly on the buckling of the axially-compressed cylindrical shell, and shows how the circumferential periodicity coupled with axial localization has special but hidden characteristics. In particular, the circumferential wavenumber is picked at an early stage of buckling and remains locked, while localization in the axial sense permits extensive change to the post-buckling shape.     

粘贴压电层功能梯度材料Timoshenko梁的热过屈曲分析

研究了上下表面粘贴压电层的功能梯度材料Timoshenko梁在升温及电场作用下的过屈曲行为。在精确考虑轴线伸长和一阶横向剪切变形的基础上,建立了压电功能梯度Timoshenko层合梁在热-电-机械载荷作用下的几何非线性控制方程。其中,假设功能梯度的材料性质沿厚度方向按照幂函数连续变化,压电层为各向同性均匀材料。采用打靶法数值求解所得强非线性边值问题,获得了在均匀电场和横向非均匀升温场内两端固定Timoshenko梁的静态非线性屈曲和过屈曲数值解。并给出了梁的变形随热、电载荷及材料梯度参数变化的特性曲线。结果表明,通过施加电压在压电层产生拉应力可以有效地提高梁的热屈曲临界载荷,延缓热过屈曲发生。由于材料在横向的非均匀性,即使在均匀升温和均匀电场作用下,也会产生拉-弯耦合效应。但是对于两端固定的压电-功能梯度材料梁,在横向非均匀升温下过屈曲变形仍然是分叉形的。