配有斜筋混凝土梁抗剪承载力计算与试验

以剪压破坏时配有斜筋的混凝土梁为研究对象,考虑临界斜裂缝处各钢筋拉应力和剪应力的影响,基于极限平衡理论和复合应力状态下混凝土的强度准则,建立了极限抗剪承载力的计算公式。对配有斜筋混凝土梁进行的试验研究发现,理论值与试验值的误差不超过5%。研究表明:箍筋与纵筋、斜筋与纵筋的相对配筋率以及剪跨比对临界斜裂缝顶端混凝土受压区的高度影响较为显著,进而影响抗剪承载力;临界斜裂缝顶端混凝土在复合应力状态下发生破坏,竖向压应力的作用不应忽略;斜筋和箍筋的剪应力对极限抗剪承载力影响较小,计算中可不予考虑。     

无腹筋RC悬臂梁抗剪强度及尺寸效应理论研究

不同于混凝土材料,钢筋混凝土(RC)构件的破坏模式与机制更为复杂,采用混凝土材料尺寸效应理论难以描述构件的尺寸效应行为。我国相关规范中并没有系统考虑构件尺寸及纵筋率对RC梁抗剪承载力的影响。为研究剪跨比及纵筋率对无腹筋RC梁剪切破坏及抗剪强度尺寸效应的影响,采用三维细观数值模拟方法,建立了RC梁剪切破坏力学分析模型,研究了剪跨比及纵筋率对RC梁剪切破坏及抗剪强度尺寸效应的影响机制与规律。研究结果表明,RC梁抗剪强度表现出极为显著的尺寸效应现象;RC梁抗剪强度随剪跨比的增大而减小,随纵筋率的增大而增大;剪跨比较小时,纵筋率对抗剪强度的影响尤为显著。此外,基于Ba■ant材料层次尺寸效应律,提出了考虑剪跨比及纵筋率影响的RC梁抗剪强度尺寸效应理论公式。对比试验结果,验证了所提公式的准确性与合理性。     

基于修正压力场理论的再生混凝土梁抗剪承载力计算方法研究

基于修正压力场理论分析有腹筋再生混凝土梁的剪切破坏机理,建立了更接近有腹筋再生混凝土梁实际受力的抗剪模型,并通过考虑再生骨料有效粒径和受箍筋作用下的裂缝宽度与构件裂缝处应力的联系,分析了再生骨料咬合力对梁斜截面抗剪性能的影响,提出了再生混凝土梁极限抗剪承载力的计算方法。此外,本文将理论结果与课题组自制的6根再生混凝土梁的抗剪承载力试验结果进行了对比,理论值与试验值吻合较好,验证了本文方法的有效性,从而为设计人员提供了一种预测再生混凝土梁极限抗剪承载力的计算方法。     

受压区跨中加强塑钢纤维轻骨料混凝土梁受弯性能试验研究

考虑到塑钢纤维轻骨料混凝土梁受压区跨中的力学性能是梁整体受弯力学性能提高的关键因素,以跨中局部受压区使用钢纤维加强、螺旋箍筋和矩形箍筋加强3种加强方式为基本参数,完成了6根受压区加强塑钢纤维轻骨料混凝土梁受弯加载试验研究。讨论了加强方式、纵筋配筋率和加强区混凝土强度对塑钢纤维轻骨料混凝土加强梁受弯力学性能产生的影响。结果得出：塑钢纤维对轻骨料混凝土梁有增韧阻裂、延缓裂缝发展的作用,且经受压区跨中加强后的塑钢纤维轻骨料混凝土梁超筋破坏现象得到明显改善;受压区跨中使用螺旋箍筋加强试件的承载力和延性最好,受压区跨中使用钢纤维加强试件的混凝土极限压应变最大,受压区跨中使用矩形箍筋加强混凝土试件延性最差;增大纵筋配筋率,受压区跨中使用钢纤维加强试件的承载力有明显提高,但延性降低,增大加强区混凝土强度,受压区跨中使用钢纤维加强试件承载力有一定程度提高,而延性变化不大。     

预应力混凝土水平加腋框架节点受力分析

本文对3个预应力混凝土框架节点进行了低周反复荷载作用下的抗震性能试验,研究了加腋节点的传力机理以及预应力对节点抗震性能的影响规律。研究表明,通过量测节点内的箍筋应变,穿过节点核心区的预应力筋对节点核心区双向交替斜向受压混凝土有重要约束作用,改善了节点的抗剪能力。梁端水平加腋节点中预应力筋不穿过节点核心区时,只要在节点核心区配置适量的箍筋,保持节点后期的强度和刚度,也能够满足抗震设防要求。     

型钢再生混凝土组合柱水平承载力试验及计算方法研究

基于17个型钢再生混凝土组合柱低周反复荷载试验,分析了再生粗骨料取代率、轴压比、体积配箍率以及剪跨比对组合柱水平承载力的影响规律。通过实测型钢腹板与翼缘,箍筋及纵筋的荷载-应变曲线,并结合组合柱的破坏形态特征,分析了型钢再生混凝土组合柱在水平荷载作用下的破坏机理。在此基础上,分别推导了型钢再生混凝土组合柱发生剪切斜压破坏和弯曲破坏时的理论计算公式。为了便于计算,本文提出了型钢再生混凝土组合柱水平承载力实用计算公式。结果表明,组合柱的计算水平承载力与试验值吻合较好,满足计算要求。上述研究结论可为型钢再生混凝土组合柱的抗震设计提供参考。     

三维刚体弹簧元法在RC深梁抗剪性能尺寸效应评价中的应用

选取典型的钢筋混凝土(RC)深梁受剪试验,开发并运用三维刚体弹簧元法(3D RBSM)模拟了大尺寸截面深梁的受剪破坏过程,以及箍筋对深梁抗剪性能的影响。结果表明,3D RBSM不仅能够较准确地计算RC深梁的开裂荷载、名义抗剪强度以及箍筋的增强作用,而且能够模拟裂缝的开展以及构件的破坏。相比于有限元法,3D RBSM具有以下优势：大幅度提高了名义抗剪强度的计算精度,实现了散布裂缝模拟的可视化以及混凝土裂缝宽度的直观、定量评价;能够更好地捕捉峰值荷载后的软化行为。因此,3D RBSM为大尺寸截面深梁的受剪破坏模拟、明晰抗剪性能尺寸效应机理和完善大尺寸RC构件设计提供了有效研究手段。     

高强钢筋钢纤维混凝土框架中节点抗震性能试验研究

为研究配置高强钢筋梁柱节点抗震性能同时改善配置高强钢筋所引起的框架节点梁筋滑移量大的问题,在混凝土中加入钢纤维应用于节点的不同范围,对2个配置HRB600/HRB400钢筋的普通混凝土节点和2个配置HRB600钢筋的钢纤维混凝土节点进行低周反复荷载试验,探究钢筋强度、钢纤维范围对框架中节点抗震性能的影响。对比分析框架中节点的破坏特征,研究节点耗能能力、累积损伤、位移延性、梁筋滑移量等抗震性能指标。研究结果表明,所有试件均发生节点核心区剪切破坏,提高节点的梁钢筋等级能够显著提高节点的承载能力和耗能能力,但梁筋滑移量增加。在节点构件中采用钢纤维混凝土整体增强或局部增强均能够有效减少裂缝宽度和梁筋滑移,改善配置HRB600钢筋节点的破坏形态和滞回性能,提高耗能能力和延性性能,减轻累积损伤程度并减缓刚度退化。     

碳纤维约束高强混凝土圆柱压弯构件非线性全过程分析

为分析塑性铰区碳纤维约束高强混凝土圆柱的抗震性能,编制了可得到荷载-位移曲线软化段的非线性全过程分析程序,保护层和箍筋约束混凝土采用Mander本构模型,碳纤维约束混凝土采用ACI 440.2R-08给出的本构关系,将程序计算结果与试验结果进行比较,两者吻合较好;利用该程序分析了轴压比、混凝土强度、碳纤维包裹长度及层数、纵筋配筋率等参数对碳纤维约束混凝土圆柱荷载-位移关系的影响规律,结果表明:当轴压比超过0.55后,柱构件的水平承载力开始降低,柱的破坏形式由延性的受拉破坏向脆性的受压破坏转变;剪跨比大于3的圆柱,碳纤维在塑性铰区包裹长度大干1.2倍柱直径时,即可达到与全柱包裹基本一致的效果;对混凝土强度为50 MPa～80 MPa的高强混凝土圆柱,以包裹3～4层碳纤维为宜;随着纵筋配筋率的增加,柱的水平极限承载力及延性均有所提高.     

HPFRCC梁柱组合件节点核心区力学性能及计算模型研究

为了研究高性能纤维水泥基复合材料(High-PerformanceFiberReinforcedCementitiousComposites,HPFRCC)对框架结构节点核心区力学性能的影响,本文对6个预期损伤部位采用HPFRCC材料的带板梁柱组合件和1个钢筋混凝土(Reinforced Concrete, RC)梁柱组合件进行拟静力试验,分析其节点核心区受剪承载能力、变形能力等．研究结果表明,与RC梁柱组合件节点相比,HPFRCC梁柱组合件节点核心区的受剪承载力提高了11.1%;峰值点的剪切变形减小了10.3%,节点核心区剪切变形对层间变形的贡献比率降低了22.7%．柱端弯矩增大系数的取值和翼缘板的宽度取值对HPFRCC节点核心区的剪切变形有显著影响,柱端弯矩增大系数达到1.6或者翼缘板宽度取值为8倍板厚都可以使节点核心区峰值点对应的剪切变形控制在0.01左右．采用BPE(Bayesian Parameter Estimation)方法进行理论分析,分别建立HPFRCC梁柱节点的剪切强度计算模型和剪切变形计算模型,模型分析结果与试验结果符合较好．     

碳纤维布与钢板复合加固梁剥离破坏研究

通过12根碳纤维布与钢板复合加固钢筋混凝土梁的抗弯性能研究,结果表明复合加固方式能有效地改善被加固构件的受力性能,但常由于复合加固层的剥离可能导致加固效果的降低。复合加固层与被加固构件之间的剥离是由于薄弱截面在剪应力及正应力的集中作用下而产生的,文中对复合加固层与混凝土之间的粘结剪应力及剥离正应力的计算公式分别进行推导,并进一步对碳纤维布与钢板复合加固的剥离机理进行分析,为工程应用提供依据。     

FRP-to-concrete interfaces between two adjacent cracks: Theoretical model for debonding failure

External bonding of fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composites has become a popular technique for strengthening concrete structures all over the world. The performance of the interface between FRP and concrete is one of the key factors affecting the behaviour of the strengthened structure. Existing laboratory research has shown that the majority of reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthened with a bonded FRP soffit plate fail due to debonding of the plate from the concrete. Two types of debonding failures have been commonly observed: plate end debonding and intermediate crack induced debonding. In order to understand and develop methods to predict such debonding failures, the bond behaviour between concrete and FRP has been widely studied using simple shear tests on FRP plate/sheet-to-concrete bonded joints and a great deal of research is now available on the behaviour of these bonded joints. However, for intermediate crack induced debonding failures, the debonding behaviour can be significantly different from that observed in a simple shear test. Among other factors, the most significant difference may be that the FRP plate between two adjacent cracks is subject to tension at both cracks. This paper presents an analytical solution for the debonding process in an FRP-to-concrete bonded joint model where the FRP plate is subject to tension at both ends. A realistic bi-linear local bond-slip law is employed. Expressions for the interfacial shear stress distribution and the load–displacement response are derived for different loading stages. The debonding process is discussed in detail. Finally, results from the analytical solution are presented to illustrate how the bond length affects the behaviour of such bonded joints. While the emphasis of the paper is on FRP-to-concrete joints, the analytical solution is equally applicable to similar joints between thin plates of other materials (e.g. steel and aluminium) and concrete.     

Interfacial stress analysis of a thin plate bonded to a rigid substrate and subjected to inclined loading

The so-called peel test, in which a thin plate bonded to a substrate is subjected to an inclined pulling force, has been widely used to characterise the bond behaviour of adhesives. This paper presents an analytical solution for the interfacial normal and shear stresses in such a peel test to provide an improved understanding of its underlying mechanism. An approximate closed-form solution is also presented. The effect of the peel angle (i.e. the angle between the applied force and the substrate) on the interfacial stresses is discussed. Apart from being a widely used test for quantifying adhesive characteristics, the process of debonding in a peel test resembles that of intermediate flexural-shear or shear crack induced debonding in flexurally strengthened RC members, where a relative vertical displacement exists between the two sides of the crack, leading to an angle between the external plate and the concrete substrate. Therefore, the results of this study also offer some insight into the latter failure mode which is very important in the flexural strengthening design of RC members.     

高层建筑结构边节点抗震性能研究

通过7根留有施工缝的高层建筑结构边节点的低周反复抗震性能试验,研究了轴压比、节点核心区的混凝土强度等级、柱中混凝土在梁中的延伸长度等对梁柱边节点抗震性能的影响,对构件的破坏特征、承载能力、延性性能、滞回曲线和骨架曲线进行了对比分析。试验结果表明:所有试验构件均为梁端受弯破坏;柱中混凝土在梁中的延伸长度对骨架曲线的形态、屈服荷载和最大荷载都没有显著影响;但是延伸长度对节点的延性性能是有影响的,延伸长度为0.5h(h为梁高)的边节点构件的位移延性系数小于延伸长度为1.0h和1.5h的构件。     

Debonding analysis of FRP–concrete interface between two balanced adjacent flexural cracks in plated beams

A cohesive interface modeling approach to debonding analysis of adhesively bonded interface between two balanced adjacent flexural cracks in conventional material (e.g., concrete or wood) beams strengthened with externally bonded FRP plates is presented. Both the strengthened beam and strengthening FRP are modeled as two linearly elastic Euler–Bernoulli beams bonded together through a thin adhesive layer. A bi-linear cohesive model, which is commonly used in the literature, is adopted to characterize the stress-deformation relationship of the FRP–concrete interface. Completely different from the single-lap or double-shear pull models in which only the axial pull force is considered, the present model takes the couple moment and transverse shear forces in both the substrates into account to study the second type of intermediate crack-induced debonding (IC debonding) along the interface. The whole debonding process of the FRP–concrete interface is discussed in detail, and closed-form solutions of bond slip, interface shear stress, and axial force of FRP in different stages are obtained. A rotational spring model is introduced at locations of the two adjacent flexural cracks to model the local flexibility of the cracked concrete beam, with which the relationship between the local bond slip and externally applied load is established and the real bond failure process of the FRP-plated concrete beam with the increasing of the externally applied load is revealed. Parametric studies are further conducted to investigate the effect of the thickness of adhesive layer on the bond behavior of FRP–concrete interface. The present closed-form solution and analysis on the local bond slip versus applied load relationship for the second type of IC debonding along the interface shed light on the bond failure process of structures externally strengthened with FRP composite plates and can be used effectively and efficiently to predict ductility and ultimate load of FRP-strengthened structures.     

Identification of Cracking Mechanisms in Scaled FRP Reinforced Concrete Beams using Acoustic Emission

Acoustic emission was used to monitor the cracking mechanisms leading to the failure of scaled concrete beams having Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) longitudinal reinforcement and no shear reinforcement. Dimensional scaling included that of the effective depth of the cross section, which is a key parameter associated with the scaling of shear strength; and maximum aggregate size, which affects the shear-resisting mechanism of aggregate interlock along shear (inclined) cracks. Five GFRP reinforced concrete (RC) beams with effective depth up to 290 mm and constant shear span-to-effective depth ratio of 3.1 were load tested under four-point bending. Two types of failures were observed: flexural, due to rupture of the GFRP reinforcement in the constant moment region; and shear, due to inclined cracking in either constant shear region through the entire section depth. Acoustic emission (AE) analyses were performed to classify crack types occurring at different points in the load history. The results of this study indicate that appropriate AE parameters can be used to discriminate between developing flexural and shear cracks irrespective of scale, and provide warning of impending failure irrespective of the failure mode (flexural and shear). In addition, AE source location enabled to accurately map crack growth and identify areas of significant damage activity. These outcomes attest to the potential of AE as a viable technique for structural health monitoring and prognosis systems and techniques.     

钢板-混凝土组合加固钢筋混凝土梁的非线性有限元分析

以10根采用钢板-混凝土组合加固技术加固的钢筋混凝土梁的试验为基础,建立了钢板-混凝土组合加固钢筋混凝土梁的非线性有限元模型.沿用了钢板-混凝土组合梁有限元分析中栓钉的荷载-滑移曲线及断裂模型,提出了新老混凝土界面的剪切-滑移模型,可以较好地模拟界面受力性能.采用有限元软件ABAQUS,模拟了一次加固、不同损伤加固及持载加固等加载情况下加固构件受力全过程和受弯破坏以及新老混凝土剥离破坏等破坏形态下加固试件的受力性能.在验证了有限元模型的准确性后,分析了钢板厚度、加固部分高度及长度等参数对加固构件承载能力及刚度的影响.最后提出了几点对钢板-混凝土组合加固RC梁的设计建议.     

基于纤维单元的钢筋混凝土桥墩地震损伤评价

基于纤维模型的粱柱单元特别是柔度法单元有着较高的计算精度,已被较多地用于评价钢筋混凝土桥墩的位移（廷性）能力。随着基于性能／位移抗震设计理论的发展,相继提出了残余位移、极限曲率及曲率延性系数、纵筋和混凝土的最大应变、纵筋低周疲劳损伤等桥墩地震损伤量化指标。选用刚度法和柔度法纤维单元,考虑材料非线性、几何非线性和结点锚固...