三维位势问题的梯度边界积分方程的新解法

三维位势问题的边界元分析中,关于坐标变量的边界位势梯度的计算是一个困难的问题. 已有一些方法着手解决这个问题,然而,这些方法需要复杂的理论推导和大量的数值计算. 本文提出求解一般边界位势梯度边界积分方程的辅助边值问题法. 该方法构造了与原边界值问题具有相同解域的辅助边值问题,该辅助边值问题具有已知解,因此通过求解此辅助边值问题,可获得梯度边界积分方程对应的系统矩阵,然后将此系统矩阵应用于求解原边值问题,求解过程非常简单,只需求解一个线性系统即可获得原边值问题的解. 值得注意的是,在求解原边值问题时,不再需要重新计算系统矩阵,因此辅助边值问题法的效率并不很差. 辅助边值问题法避免了强奇异积分的计算,具有数学理论简单、程序设计容易、计算精度高等优点,为坐标变量梯度边界积分方程的求解提供了一个新的途径. 3个标准的数值算例验证了方法的有效性.      

Boundary integral equations of unique solutions in elasticity

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On the approximate solution of elliptic,self adjoint boundary value problems

Summary Integral representations for the solutions to linear elliptic self adjoint boundary value problems are derived in terms of two functions which are generalisations of the single and double layer potentials used in the theory of harmonic functions. The generalised potentials are constructed in terms of a fundamental solution which is an approximation to the exact kernel of the boundary value problem in question. The representations so obtained are shown to provide a basis from which strict approximations to the solutions of boundary value problems can be developed. In particular the structure of the integral equation representing the given boundary value problem is precisely determined.     

NON-AXISYMMETRIC MIXED BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEM FOR DYNAMIC INTERACTION BETWEEN SATURATED POROUS FOUNDATION AND RECTANGULAR PLATE$^{\bf 1)}$

在同一界面的不同区域具有多种边界条件, 称之为混合边界, 这是一个熟知的力学问题. 对这类问题进行精确分析时, 必须要进行混合边值问题的求解. 而对于一般的三维非轴对称情形, 混合边值问题的求解往往存在数学困难. 本文利用Hilbert定理和双重Fourier变换, 给出了一种求解三维非轴对称混合边值问题的解析方法, 利用该方法对具有混合透水边界的饱和多孔地基上矩形板的振动弯曲进行了解析研究(板与地基接触面为不透水边界, 其余为透水边界). 首先, 基于Kirchhoff理论和Biot多孔介质理论建立矩形板与饱和多孔地基的动力控制方程, 进行耦合求解. 针对板土接触面和非接触面的混合边值问题, 采用双重Fourier变换构造出两对二维对偶积分方程, 以接触应力和接触面孔隙压力为基本未知量, 用Jacobi正交多项式将未知量展开, 再利用Schmidt法对二维对偶积分方程完成求解, 最终推导出板土系统在动力作用下的位移和应力解析式. 通过将本文计算模型退化为单一弹性地基, 与已有研究结果进行对比, 验证了本文方法的正确性和有效性. 最后, 通过数值算例, 对饱和多孔地基上矩形板的动力响应及参数影响做出分析和讨论. 此外, 本文提出的解析法具有一般性, 可广泛应用于复杂接触问题和多场耦合问题的求解.     

Analytic Solution of an Inhomogeneous Kinetic Equation in the Problem of Second-Order Thermal Creep

An analytic solution of the problem of second-order thermal creep is obtained. A method for solving the half-space boundary value problem for an inhomogeneous linearized kinetic BGK equation forms the basis of the solution. The general solution of the input equation is constructed in the form of an expansion of the corresponding characteristic equation in terms of the eigenfunctions. Substitution of the solution in the boundary conditions leads to a Riemann boundary value problem. The unknown thermal creep velocity is found from the condition of solvability of the boundary value problem. The numerical analysis performed confirms the existence of negative thermophoresis (in the direction of the temperature gradient) for high-conductivity aerosol particles at low Knudsen numbers.     

一类Signorini问题的边界变分不等式

本文讨论了一类简化的Signorini问题。首先将原问题和一个边值问题建立联系，其次将原问题的解分解为不带不等边界条件的变分方程的解和一个变分不等式的解。然后利用边值问题的边界积分方程将变分不等式等价地化解为边界变分不等式。这样原求区域上的第一类椭圆变分不等式问题化解为求一个区域上的变分方程和一个边界变分不等式。最后说明了边界变分不等式解的存在唯一性。文末计算了柱面和半无限刚性基础的摩擦接触问题。结论表明文中方法具有较好的精度。     

饱和多孔地基与矩形板动力相互作用的非轴对称混合边值问题

在同一界面的不同区域具有多种边界条件, 称之为混合边界, 这是一个熟知的力学问题. 对这类问题进行精确分析时, 必须要进行混合边值问题的求解. 而对于一般的三维非轴对称情形, 混合边值问题的求解往往存在数学困难. 本文利用Hilbert定理和双重Fourier变换, 给出了一种求解三维非轴对称混合边值问题的解析方法, 利用该方法对具有混合透水边界的饱和多孔地基上矩形板的振动弯曲进行了解析研究(板与地基接触面为不透水边界, 其余为透水边界). 首先, 基于Kirchhoff理论和Biot多孔介质理论建立矩形板与饱和多孔地基的动力控制方程, 进行耦合求解. 针对板土接触面和非接触面的混合边值问题, 采用双重Fourier变换构造出两对二维对偶积分方程, 以接触应力和接触面孔隙压力为基本未知量, 用Jacobi正交多项式将未知量展开, 再利用Schmidt法对二维对偶积分方程完成求解, 最终推导出板土系统在动力作用下的位移和应力解析式. 通过将本文计算模型退化为单一弹性地基, 与已有研究结果进行对比, 验证了本文方法的正确性和有效性. 最后, 通过数值算例, 对饱和多孔地基上矩形板的动力响应及参数影响做出分析和讨论. 此外, 本文提出的解析法具有一般性, 可广泛应用于复杂接触问题和多场耦合问题的求解.      

Analysis of right closed thin-walled prismatic shells supported by stringers with geometric and physical nonlinearity taken into account

We consider thin-walled right-angle closed prismatic shells with rigid contour of the transverse cross-section. Such shells underlie the schemes used in the analysis of various thin-walled spatial structures. The use of nonlinear physical and geometric relations in the computations permits numerically obtaining the strength margin of the corresponding structures. In the present paper, we propose methods for obtaining a boundary value problem and analyzing such shells with nonlinear factors taken into account; the problem is presented as a system of linear differential equations with variable coefficients. We show that, within the approach proposed, this boundary value problem has a fixed structure independent of the special form of nonlinearity. The entire variety of problems of static analysis of right-angle prismatic shells with nonlinear factors taken into account can be reduced to solving this boundary value problem. Methods for taking a specific nonlinearity into account are treated as various methods for obtaining expressions for the variable coefficients in the matrices of the boundary value problem. We present methods for solving this boundary value problem numerically; these methods are independent of the specific form of the nonlinearity.     

Mixed Boundary Value Problems for Stationary Magnetohydrodynamic Equations of a Viscous Heat-Conducting Fluid

We consider the boundary value problem for stationary magnetohydrodynamic equations of electrically and heat conducting fluid under inhomogeneous mixed boundary conditions for electromagnetic field and temperature and Dirichlet condition for the velocity. The problem describes the thermoelectromagnetic flow of a viscous fluid in 3D bounded domain with the boundary consisting of several parts with different thermo- and electrophysical properties. The global solvability of the boundary value problem is proved and the apriori estimates of the solution are derived. The sufficient conditions on the data are established which provide a local uniqueness of the solution.     

Two-dimensional Hierarchical Models for Prismatic Shells with Thickness Vanishing at the Boundary

We construct variational hierarchical two-dimensional models for elastic, prismatic shells of variable thickness vanishing at boundary. With the help of variational methods, existence and uniqueness theorems for the corresponding two-dimensional boundary value problems are proved in appropriate weighted functional spaces. By means of the solutions of these two-dimensional boundary value problems, a sequence of approximate solutions in the corresponding three-dimensional region is constructed. We establish that this sequence converges in the Sobolev space H¹ to the solution of the original three-dimensional boundary value problem. Mathematics Subject Classifications (2000) 74K20, 74K25.     

On the boundary value problem of elastostatics in terms of stresses

The boundary value problem of elastostatics in terms of six components of the stress consists of nine equations and three boundary conditions. In this paper, we distinguished between the possible cases and impossible cases, i.e., the problem is or is not equivalent to a boundary value problem of six equations and six boundary conditions.     

Solution for dissimilar elastic inclusions in a finite plate using boundary integral equation method

This paper studies the boundary value problem for a finite plate containing two dissimilar inclusions. The matrix and the two inclusions have different elastic properties. The loadings applied along the outer boundary are in equilibrium. The mentioned problem is decomposed into three boundary value problems (BVPs). Two of them are interior BVP for the elastic inclusions, while the other is a BVP for the triply-connected region. Three problems are connected together through the common displacements and tractions along the interface boundaries. Explicit form for the complex variable boundary integral equation (CVBIE) is derived. After discretization of relevant BIEs, the solutions are evaluated numerically. Three numerical examples for different elastic constant combinations are provided.     

A model of layered prismatic shells

The present paper is devoted to a model for elastic layered prismatic shells which is constructed by means of a suggested in the paper approach which essentially differs from the known approaches for constructing models of laminated structures. Using Vekua’s dimension reduction method after appropriate modifications, hierarchical models for elastic layered prismatic shells are constructed. We get coupled governing systems for the whole structure in the projection of the structure. The advantage of this model consists in the fact that we solve boundary value problems separately for each ply. In addition, beginning with the second ply, we use a solution of a boundary value problem of the preceding ply. We indicate ways of investigating boundary value problems for the governing systems. For the sake of simplicity, we consider the case of two plies, in the zeroth approximation. However, we also make remarks concerning the cases when either the number of plies is more than two or higher-order approximations (hierarchical models) should be applied. As an example, we consider a special case of deformation and solve the corresponding boundary value problem in the explicit form.     

ODE conversion techniques and their applications in computational mechanics

In this paper, a number of ordinary differential equation (ODE) conversion techniques for transformation of nonstandard ODE boundary value problems into standard forms are summarised, together with their applications to a variety of boundary value problems in computational solid mechanics, such as eigenvalue problem, geometrical and material nonlinear problem, elastic contact problem and optimal design problems through some simple and representative examples. The advantage of such approach is that various ODE boundary value problems in computational mechanics can be solved effectively in a unified manner by invoking a standard ODE solver. The project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China.     

On the Optimal Shape of a Compressed Rotating Rod

By using Pontryagin's maximum principle we determine the shape of the lightest compressed rotating rod, stable against buckling. It is shown that the cross-sectional area function is determined from the solution of a nonlinear boundary value problem. A variational principle for this boundary value problem is formulated and a first integral is constructed. The optimal shape of a rod is determined by numerical integration.     

Two dimensional half-space problems for the Broadwell discrete velocity model

Stationary boundary value problems for the Broadwell model in a half-space and in a half-infinite channel are considered. By means of the analogy between the stationary boundary value problems for the Broadwell equations and the initial-boundary value problem of Carleman's system, solutions are found for various situations. Uniqueness and non-uniqueness of solutions is discussed as well. The non-uniqueness problem in the channel leads to the investigation of the initial value problem for Carleman's equation with partly negative initial densities. Some new results for this problem are given. Received January 20, 1996     

A moving boundary hyperbolic problem for a stress impact in a bar of rate-type material

In this paper we present some results obtained by studying the mathematical model describing a moving boundary hyperbolic problem related to a time dependent stress impact in a bar of Maxwell-like material. Due to the impact a shock front propagates with a finite speed. Here our interest is to underline the influence of the dissipative term on the propagation of the shock front.

In the framework of the similarity analysis we are able to reduce the moving boundary hyperbolic problem to a free boundary value problem for an ordinary differential system. It is then possible, by applying two numerical transformation methods, to solve the free boundary value problem numerically. The influence of the dissipative term is evident: the free boundary (that defines the shock front propagation) is an increasing function of the dissipative coefficient.     

An approach to solving mechanics problems for materials with multiscale self-similar microstructure

This article proposes an efficient method for solving mechanics boundary value problems formulated for domains with multiscale self-similar microstructure. In particular, composite materials for which one of the phases has a fractal-like structure with scale cut-offs are considered. The boundary value problems are solved using a finite element procedure with enriched shape functions that incorporate information about the geometric complexity. The use of these shape functions makes possible the definition of a unique, parametrically defined model from which the solution for configurations with an arbitrary number of scales can be derived. The proposed method is primarily useful for structures with a large number of self-similar scales for which using the usual finite element method would be too expensive. In order to exemplify the method, a 2D composite with fractal microstructure is considered and several boundary value problems are solved.     

Singularly perturbed solution for weakly nonlinear equations with two parameters

A class of singularly perturbed boundary value problems of weakly non- linear equation for fourth order on the interval[a,b]with two parameters is considered. Under suitable conditions,firstly,the reduced solution and formal outer solution are con- structed using the expansion method of power series.Secondly,using the transformation of stretched variable,the first boundary layer corrective term near x=a is constructed which possesses exponential attenuation behavior.Then,using the stronger transfor- mation of stretched variable,the second boundary layer corrective term near x=a is constructed,which also possesses exponential attenuation behavior.The thickness of second boundary layer is smaller than the first one and forms a cover layer near x=a. Finally,using the theory of differential inequalities,the existence,uniform validity in the whole interval[a,b]and asymptotic behavior of solution for the original boundary value problem are proved.Satisfying results are obtained.     

Algebraic-Complex Scheme for Dirichlet–Neumann Data for Parabolic System

In this paper, we use the Laplace–Laplace transformation and complex analysis to give a systematical scheme to determine the proper boundary conditions for initial-boundary value problems in the half space and to construct exponentially sharp pointwise structures of the boundary data. Here, we have used the boundary value problems with the Robin boundary conditions for the convection heat equations and the linearized compressible Navier–Stokes equation with a constant convection velocity to demonstrate this scheme.