热传导问题的比例边界等几何分析

提出比例边界等几何分析SBIGA(Scaled Boundary IsoGeometric Analysis)方法来求解热传导问题。SBIGA兼具比例边界有限元和等几何分析的优势,特别适用于求解包含无限域和奇异物理场的问题。该方法造型十分方便,在径向具有半解析性质,仅需在计算域边界上用NURBS基函数自然离散,为实现CAD/CAE无缝融合提供了新的途径,大大节约前处理和计算耗时。此外,SBIGA无需进一步与CAD系统数据交换就可以保型细分。三个基准算例证明了其在热传导分析中的有效性。与传统比例边界有限元相比,SBIGA模型消除了几何模型误差,并显示出更高的计算精度和收敛速度。     

基于物理的变形曲线在结构形状优化中的应用

用各向异性模型定义NURBS曲线的变形能,基于所提出的变形能模型,用有限元法对NURBS曲线表达的设计边界进行模态计算,然后,将设计边界用模态向量的线性组合参数化表示。将这种基于边界特征向量的几何形状表示方法应用于优化参数定义．提出了一种适用于结构形状优化的自适应几何精化方法,它有效地将户型有限元分析、优化方法和设计边界的形状表达集成在一起。     

几何精确NURBS有限元中边界条件施加方式对精度影响的三维计算分析

非均匀有理B样条(NURBS)有限元法把计算机辅助几何设计(CAGD)中的NURBS几何构形方法与有限元方法有机结合起来,有效消除了有限元离散模型的几何误差,提高了计算精度。但是由于NURBS基函数不是插值函数,直接在控制节点上施加位移边界条件会引起较大误差。本文详细讨论了NURBS基函数的插值特性,在NURBS有限元分析中采用罚函数法施加位移边界条件,提高了收敛率和计算精度。结合典型三维弹性力学问题,对两种施加位移边界条件的方法进行了对比和分析。计算结果表明,直接施加位移边界条件会导致收敛率和精度的明显降低,而基于罚函数法的NURBS有限元分析则能达到最优收敛率,并具有更高的精度。     

等几何壳体分析与形状优化

首先基于Reissner-Mindlin理论进行了三维壳体等几何分析,而后基于此对三维壳体进行形状优化,提出了形状优化中灵敏度的全解析计算方法,包括位移应变阵、雅克比阵和刚度阵等相对控制顶点位置的灵敏度解析计算公式;通过实例验证了壳体等几何分析和灵敏度全解析计算方法的有效性。与传统的基于网格的灵敏度半解析计算方法相比,基于NURBS的灵敏度全解析计算具有精确、计算效率高的特点,且可以避免优化迭代中的网格畸变。     

等几何壳体分析与形状优化

首先基于Reissner-Mindlin理论进行了三维壳体等几何分析,而后基于此对三维壳体进行形状优化,提出了形状优化中灵敏度的全解析计算方法,包括位移应变阵、雅克比阵和刚度阵等相对控制顶点位置的灵敏度解析计算公式;通过实例验证了壳体等几何分析和灵敏度全解析计算方法的有效性。与传统的基于网格的灵敏度半解析计算方法相比,基于NURBS的灵敏度全解析计算具有精确、计算效率高的特点,且可以避免优化迭代中的网格畸变。     

IMPOSING DISPLACEMENT BOUNDARY CONDITIONS WITH NITSCHE＇S METHOD IN ISOGEOMETRIC ANALYSIS

等几何分析使用 NURBS 基函数统一表示几何和分析模型, 消除了传统有限元的网格离散误差, 容易构造高阶连续的协调单元. 对于结构分析, 选择合适的几何参数可以得到光滑的应力解, 避免了后置处理的应力磨平. 但是由于 NURBS 基函数不具备插值性, 难以直接施加位移边界条件. 针对这一问题, 提出一种基于 Nitsche 变分原理的边界位移条件“弱”处理方法, 它具有一致稳定的弱形式, 不增加自由度, 方程组对称正定和不会产生病态矩阵等优点. 同时给出方法的稳定性条件, 并通过求解广义特征值问题计算稳定性系数. 最后, 数值算例表明 Nitsche 方法在h细化策略下能获得最优收敛率, 其结果要明显优于在控制顶点处直接施加位移约束.}     

等几何分析中采用Nitsche法施加位移边界条件

等几何分析使用NURBS基函数统一表示几何和分析模型,消除了传统有限元的网格离散误差,容易构造高阶连续的协调单元.对于结构分析,选择合适的几何参数可以得到光滑的应力解,避免了后置处理的应力磨平.但是由于NURBS基函数不具备插值性,难以直接施加位移边界条件.针对这一问题,提出一种基于Nitsche变分原理的边界位移条件"弱"处理方法,它具有一致稳定的弱形式,不增加自由度,方程组对称正定和不会产生病态矩阵等优点.同时给出方法的稳定性条件,并通过求解广义特征值问题计算稳定性系数.最后,数值算例表明Nitsche方法在h细化策略下能获得最优收敛率,其结果要明显优于在控制顶点处直接施加位移约束.     

Kirchhoff-Love壳的等几何分析

论文利用等几何分析研究了基于Kirchhoff-Love理论的薄壳的静态问题.等几何分析采用等参思想,将精确描述几何形状的NURBS基函数同时作为场变量的插值函数,保证了在分析和网格优化过程中模型的几何精确性,并可以轻易地构造任意高阶连续的单元.该方法具有很高的数值精度.计算结果表明,在等几何分析中,NURBS单元的阶次越高,网格数越多,计算结果越精确.     

基于等几何边界元法的声学敏感度分析

基于非均匀有理B样条(NURBS)曲面建模技术,边界物理量同样用NURBS基函数插值,推导出三维声场等几何边界积分方程。进一步以控制点为设计变量,用直接微分法推导出等几何敏感度边界积分方程,给出声场声压对形状参量的敏感度。针对边界积分方程中的超奇异积分,使用奇异相消技术并结合Cauchy主值积分和Hadamard有限部分积分处理,给出了超奇异积分的NURBS插值半解析表达式。数值算例验证了本文算法求解声学结构形状敏感度的有效性,为声学结构的整体形状优化打下基础。     

三维势流场的比例边界有限元求解方法

比例边界有限元法(SBFEM)是线性偏微分方程的一种新的数值求解方法。该方法只对计算域边界利用Galerkin方法进行数值离散,相对于有限元方法(FEM)减少了一个空间坐标的维数,而在减少的空间坐标方向利用解析方法进行求解;相对于边界元法(BEM),比例边界有限元方法不需要基本解,避免了奇异积分的计算,所以它结合了有限元和边界元方法的优点。本文建立了利用比例边界有限元法求解三维Laplace方程的数值模型并用于计算三维物体周围的水流场,将计算结果与解析解和边界元方法进行了对比,结果表明此方法可以很好地模拟水流场,且具有较高的计算精度。     

Transient heat conduction analysis using the NURBS-enhanced scaled boundary finite element method and modified precise integration method

The Non-uniform rational B-spline(NURBS)enhanced scaled boundary finite element method in combination with the modified precise integration method is proposed for the transient heat conduction problems in this paper.The scaled boundary finite element method is a semi-analytical technique,which weakens the governing differential equations along the circumferential direction and solves those analytically in the radial direction.In this method,only the boundary is discretized in the finite element sense leading to a reduction of the spatial dimension by one with no fundamental solution required.Nevertheless,in case of the complex geometry,a huge number of elements are generally required to properly approximate the exact shape of the domain and distorted meshes are often unavoidable in the conventional finite element approach,which leads to huge computational efforts and loss of accuracy.NURBS are the most popular mathematical tool in CAD industry due to its flexibility to fit any free-form shape.In the proposed methodology,the arbitrary curved boundary of problem domain is exactly represented with NURBS basis functions,while the straight part of the boundary is discretized by the conventional Lagrange shape functions.Both the concepts of isogeometric analysis and scaled boundary finite element method are combined to form the governing equations of transient heat conduction analysis and the solution is obtained using the modified precise integration method.The stiffness matrix is obtained from a standard quadratic eigenvalue problem and the mass matrix is determined from the low-frequency expansion.Finally the governing equations become a system of first-order ordinary differential equations and the time domain response is solved numerically by the modified precise integration method.The accuracy and stability of the proposed method to deal with the transient heat conduction problems are demonstrated by numerical examples.     

MODE III 2-D FRACTURE ANALYSIS BY THE SCALED BOUNDARY FINITE ELEMENT METHOD

The scaled boundary finite element method （SBFEM） is a novel semi-analytical technique that combines the advantages of the finite element method and the boundary element method with unique properties of its own. This method has proven very efficient and accurate for determining the stress intensity factors （SIFs） for mode I and mode II two-dimensional crack problems. One main reason is that the SBFEM has a unique capacity of analytically representing the stress singularities at the crack tip. In this paper the SBFEM is developed for mode III （out of plane deformation） two-dimensional fracture anMysis. In addition, cubic B-spline functions are employed in this paper for constructing the shape functions in the circumferential direction so that higher continuity between elements is obtained. Numerical examples are presented at the end to demonstrate the simplicity and accuracy of the present approach for mode Ⅲ two-dimensional fracture analysis.     

2D dynamic analysis of cracks and interface cracks in piezoelectric composites using the SBFEM

The dynamic stress and electric displacement intensity factors of impermeable cracks in homogeneous piezoelectric materials and interface cracks in piezoelectric bimaterials are evaluated by extending the scaled boundary finite element method (SBFEM). In this method, a piezoelectric plate is divided into polygons. Each polygon is treated as a scaled boundary finite element subdomain. Only the boundaries of the subdomains need to be discretized with line elements. The dynamic properties of a subdomain are represented by the high order stiffness and mass matrices obtained from a continued fraction solution, which is able to represent the high frequency response with only 3–4 terms per wavelength. The semi-analytical solutions model singular stress and electric displacement fields in the vicinity of crack tips accurately and efficiently. The dynamic stress and electric displacement intensity factors are evaluated directly from the scaled boundary finite element solutions. No asymptotic solution, local mesh refinement or other special treatments around a crack tip are required. Numerical examples are presented to verify the proposed technique with the analytical solutions and the results from the literature. The present results highlight the accuracy, simplicity and efficiency of the proposed technique.     

应力高梯度问题的无网格分析

基于移动最小二乘法的无网格计算，采用线性基函数即可得到C^1连续位移场，使得应力，应变场在整个求解域内保持连续；节点之间脱离了单元的约束，对求解域进行离散和加密节点时变得十分灵活，因此适合分析应力高梯度问题。本文简要介绍了无网格方法的基本原理，给出了确定节点影响域大小的方法，应用无网格方法对带有V型缺口的受拉方板J23-10曲柄压力机机身进行了受力分析，得到的应力集中部位的计算结果与实际值更为接近。     

应力函数及其对偶理论在有限元中的应用

借助于Cosserat连续介质模型，探讨了应力函数和位移对避免有限元C$^{1}$ 连续性困难的互补性作用. 通过对应力函数对偶理论的深入分析，为将应力函数列式得到的 余能单元转化为具有一般位移自由度的势能单元提供了严格的理论基础，在此基础上， 给出应用应力函数构造有限元的一般方法.     

内部压力作用下矩形板中源于椭圆孔的分支裂纹应力强度因子的一种数值分析

应用一种边界元方法来研究内部压力作用下矩形板中源于椭圆孔的分支裂纹。该边界元方法由Crouch与Starfied建立的常位移不连续单元和笔者最近提出的裂尖位移不连续单元构成。在该边界元方法的实施过程中,左、右裂尖位移不连续单元分别置于裂纹的左、右裂尖处,而常位移不连续单元则分布于除了裂尖位移不连续单元占据的位置之外的整个裂纹面及其它边界。本数值结果进一步证实这种数值方法对计算有限大板中复杂裂纹的应力强度因子的有效性,同时该数值结果可以揭示裂纹体几何对应力强度因子的影响。     

In-plane vibration analysis of plates in curvilinear domains by a differential quadrature hierarchical finite element method

Free in-plane vibration analysis of plates is carried out by a differential quadrature hierarchical finite element method (DQHFEM). The NURBS (Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines) patches of geometries were first transformed into differential quadrature hierarchical (DQH) patches, and then the elastic field was discretized by the same DQH basis. The DQHFEM solved the compatibility problem caused by different parametrization of neighbouring patches of isogeometric analysis using NURBS. And mesh refinement in DQHFEM does not propagate from patch to patch. The DQHFEM matrices also have the embedding property as the hierarchical finite element method (HFEM). In-plane vibration analyses of plates of several planforms showed that the DQHFEM is similar as the fixed interface mode synthesis method that can analyse a structure using a few nodes on the boundary of substructure elements and only several clamped modes inside each substructure element, but the DQHFEM does not need modal analysis and is of high accuracy. The accuracy and convergence of the DQHFEM were validated through comparison with exact and approximate results in literatures and computed by the authors.     

几何精确的非协调等几何NURBS有限元

本文尝试将传统的非协调有限元技术推广到等几何有限元领域,建立了基于精确几何的非协调等几何分析方法,旨在拓展等几何分析应用范围,以便于等几何分析技术能真正实现CAD和FEA的融合,从而真正实现了无需划分网格的目的。我们定义了非协调的NURBS几何（类似非协调元）,给出了NURBS曲面之间几何弱连续的充分条件,进而定义了非协调的等几何分析,将之归纳为带约束驻值问题,并用拉格朗日方法进行求解。两个算例证明这种方法的有效性。未来的工作主要是证明这种方法在不同几何连续性条件下的收敛性以及将之应用到更广的领域。