含面内转动自由度的广义协调曲面矩形扁壳元

扁壳单元中引入结点转角自由度可以在不增加结点的情况下,增加位移场的阶次,提高计算精度,从而显著地提高单元性能。同时在单元中引入泡状位移场,能有效地扩大了单元位移场的解空间,所构造的单元具有计算精度高、对计算网格畸变不敏感的优良特性。本文利用广义协调薄板单元RGC-12的位移函数作为扁壳元的法向位移,利广义协调矩形膜元的位移函数作为扁壳面的切向位移,通过附加面内转动自由度构造了一个具有24个自由度的4结点广义协调曲面矩形扁壳元GRC-S24。在此基础上再增加一个广义泡状位移,又构造了一个具有更高计算精度的曲面矩形扁壳元GRC-S24M。并通过实例分析对这两个单元的收敛性和精度进行了验证。     

一个基于膜板比拟理论的四节点二十四自由度的平板壳单元

应用膜板比拟关系 ,可以避开 c1 连续性的困难 ,为板单元的构造提供了一种新的途径 ,并已成功地构造出一系列相应的板单元。本文构造了一个四节点二十四自由度的平板壳单元 ,该单元由平面四节点理性元 RQ4(膜部分 )和由膜板比拟理论构造的一个四节点十二自由度的板单元 (弯曲部分 )构成。该单元构造简单 ,数值结果表明具有很好的收敛性和精度。     

用于热应力分析的体—壳过渡元

以往体－壳过渡元中采用的一般三维应变状态下的初即热应变表达式，与过渡元规定的变形方式不一致。本文利用“相应体元”算出１５节点过渡元热膨胀时因壳面上法线不伸长引起的应变，以此修正一般三维初始热应变，给出过渡元初始热应变的正确表达式。本文方法扩大了体－壳过渡元的应用范围。     

用于热应力分析的体－壳过渡元

以往体－壳过渡元中采用的一般三维应变状态下的初始热应变表达式，与过渡元规定的变形方式不一致。本文利用“相应体元”算出１５节，点过渡元热膨胀时因壳面上法线不伸长引起的应变，以此修正一般三维初始热应变，给出过渡元初始热应变的正确表达式。本文方法扩大了体－壳过渡元的应用范围。     

拟协调大变形矩形扁壳元及其应用

本文采用拟协调元方法,引用简化的扁壳应变分量,构造了一个大变形矩彤扁壳单元,该单元适用于薄板壳的线性和几何非线性分析,数值例题的结果表明本文单元的性态很好。     

加肋开孔柱壳混合有限条——有限元屈曲分析

本文提出了一种分析环加肋开孔柱壳屈曲问题的混合有限条──有限元法。环加肋柱壳作为一个构造上的正交各向异性壳处理，柱壳非开孔区采用有限条元离散，开孔区采用有限单元离散。在有限条元与有限单元交界面上，根据位移协调条件建立条元和单元的耦合关系，并据此构造一种特殊的过渡单元、联接条元和单元，进行整体分析。算例表明，这一方法对开孔柱壳屈曲问题的分折十分有效。     

关于非协调位移元与广义杂交元的等价性的进一步研究

本文通过定义非协调位移元的单元特性函数,提出了一种建立非协调元与广义杂交元之间的等价关系的一般方法,进一步证明了两种有限元模型之间存在强等价性,为两种单元模型的构造提供了相互借鉴的理论依据和有效的准则。     

拟协调SemiLoof和Loof扁壳元

1 前言目前工程上对任意壳结构分析常用的平板壳元和扁壳元存在着一个问题:如果一个结点周围的单元共面或近似共面,则对应垂直这个面的法向转角θ_N 的刚度是零或近似为零,这时若θ_N 没有被约束住,则结构刚度阵是奇异的,造成了求解困难.现有的一些解     

板锥网壳结构几何非线性受力性能的广义协调元分析

板锥网壳网络是一种新型的空间结构，它是在板锥单元和常规的双层刚壳结构的基础上组合形成的一种新型结构形式，具有良好的技术经济效益和建筑视觉效果。本文在对这类结构有限法分析的基础上，根据板锥网壳结构的构成特点，应用广义协调元的基本思想，对这类结构进行了分析，给出了这类结构广义协调元分析的基本公式。分析表明：广义协调元法适宜于板锥网壳结构的受力性能分析，广义协调元固有的简便，高效和可靠的特性，将会使结构分析得到更为可信和可靠的论证。     

线性蠕变问题的摄动边界元-有限元方法

本文将摄动、边界元、有限元方法结合起来,提出一种求解线性蠕变问题的新方法。该方法不采用一般增量法中在一个时段内各物理量保持不变或作线性变化的假设,加大了计算步长提高了精度。文中构造了边界元摄动格式,构造了包含钢筋在内的边界元有限元耦合摄动格式,并给出了满意的数值结果。     

Infinite Memory Expectations in a Dynamic Model with Hyperbolic Demand

In this study we will research the dynamics shown by a cobweb-type model with hyperbolic demand, sigmoidal supply and with backward-looking mechanism of expectation creation, whereby the new state of the system is obtained from all the previous states observed by weighted arithmetical mean with exponentially decreasing weights in the region. The study herewith presented aims at confirming the existence of a stabilising effect due to the presence of infinite memory since, with all the other conditions begin the same, a memory rate > exists at which market equilibrium is a sink. An unstable system, therefore, becomes stable in the presence of sufficiently resistant expectations with infinite historical memory, although this transition to stability is accompanied by the onset of chaos. The resulting effect, therefore is one of qualitative destabilisation, that is with reference to the qualitative dynamic performance produced, associated to a quantitative stabilisation, that is to say with reference to the decreasing width of the invariant sets within which relevant dynamics occur.     

Stability, Paths, and Dynamic bending of a Blunt Body of Revolution Penetrating into an Elastoplastic Medium

The deep penetration of a thin body with a blunt nose and rear into a lowstrength medium is explored. The motion of the body is described by a system of autonomous integrodifferential equations using the physical model of a separated asymmetric flow over the body and the localinteraction method. An analytical calculation of the Lyapunov stability boundary for straightline motion is performed for bodies with a parabolic meridian. The dependences of the dynamic stability of the body on various parameters are studied numerically. Curved motion paths are constructed in the region of instability, and the classification of paths proposed in previous studies of the motion of pointed bodies is confirmed. It is shown that an reverse ejection is possible when a blunt impactor enters a semiinfinite target. It is established that there is a fundamental possibility of attaining a path close to a specified one and that there is a weak dependence of motion characteristics with a developed separation on the separation angle. Examples are given of calculations of the evolution of the lateral load, the transverse force and moment, and the strength margin of the body using the theory of dynamic bending of a nonuniform rod.     

Viscous Film Flow down Corrugated Surfaces

A theoretical analysis of a downward viscous film flow on corrugated surfaces is reported. The study is based on Navier–Stokes equations (for one and twodimensional surfaces) and on an integral model (for a threedimensional surface with double corrugation). The calculations were carried out in a wide range of Reynolds numbers and geometric characteristics of the surface with due allowance for the surfacetension force. The shape of the free surface of the liquid film and other characteristics of the flow are calculated. It is shown that, in the case of a onedimensional surface, there exists a range of parameters where the flow is predominantly governed by surfacetension forces; this flow can be adequately treated with the integral approach. In this range of parameters, on the surface with double corrugation, the average quantities of the downward flow in wide corrugation valleys are determined by the finetexture geometry.     

Investigation of isothermal flow of a mixture of gas and particles in a channel of variable section

Isothermal flow of a gas with particles is investigated analytically, which makes it possible to analyze all possible flow regimes in channels of different shapes. It is shown that in a channel of constant section there are two possibilities: either an equilibrium regime is established with constant flow parameters, or the gas reaches the velocity of sound, and then further flow in the channel is impossible (blocking of the channel). In a contracting nozzle, blocking also occurs if the channel is sufficiently long. In an expanding nozzle when there are particles in the gas with a velocity lower than the gas velocity, it is possible to have flow regimes with transition through the velocity of sound: a subsonic flow goes over into a supersonic flow and, conversely, it is also possible to have a flow in which there is blocking of the channel, which is quite different from the flow of a pure gas in an expanding nozzle and is due to the influence of interphase friction on the flow. The variation of the pressure along the flow can be nonmonotonic with points of local maximum or minimum which do not coincide with the singular point at which the gas velocity reaches the velocity of sound. In the case of nonequilibrium gas flows with particles in a Laval nozzle, the velocity of the gas may become equal to the isothermal velocity of sound not only in the exit section of the nozzle or in its expanding part, as noted in [4–6], but also at the minimal section, since it is possible to have flows for which the velocities of the phases are equalized at this section.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No. 6, pp. 61–68, October–December, 1981.     

Analyses of pseudo-similarity and boundary layer thickness for non-Newtonian falling film flow

One aim of this paper is to provide an extensive study on pseudo-similarity solutions of thermal boundary layer in falling film flow with non-Newtonian power-law fluids. The related mathematical models and solution approach are systematically presented. Another aim of this work is to further investigate the momentum boundary layer and the thermal boundary layer. Based on a newly defined local Prandtl number, the dependence of the thickness of the momentum boundary layer and thermal boundary layer on the power-law index is discussed. It is found that the momentum boundary layer thickness decreases monotonically with power-law index; while the thermal boundary layer thickness decreases slightly with power-law index and increases significantly with the decrease of the local Prandtl number. This study shows that the adopted pseudo-similarity approach is capable of solving the problem of non-similarity thermal boundary layer in the falling film of a non-Newtonian power-law fluid.