失谐周期结构中弹性波与振动的局部化

基于弹性波传递矩阵方法，研究了失谐周期结构中弹性波与振动的局部化问题．给出了结构中弹性波传递矩阵的一般表达式，采用奇异值分解方法，分别计算了谐和与失谐周期结构中的局部化因子，并对其进行了分析讨论．对周期结构中波传播与振动局部化的分析方法可用于结构的优化设计．     

大型离心叶轮振动模态局部化特性研究

为了研究目前工程中大型流体机械离心叶轮出现的局部疲劳破坏的机理,基于现有的有限元分析方法,结合模态分析等动力学理论以及叶轮所承受的气流激励,对其动力学特性进行了研究。着重研究了离心叶轮这类周期循环对称性结构具有的不同于非周期循环结构的特殊动力学性质以及该特殊的动力学特性与叶轮疲劳破坏的联系。研究发现其存在频率通带(passbands)、频率禁带(stopbands)现象,并出现了振动模态局部化现象。另外,叶轮的动力学特性对其周期性结构失谐特别敏感,该类失谐可来自由制造误差、材料和使用中磨损出现的不均匀等多种因素。对于协调结构,在一定条件下(如系统具有高密集模态),很小的失谐量(1%)就可使结构振动模态产生急剧变化,从而出现振动模态局部化现象。对于所研究的机组,当进口预旋器导致的流体激振频率(1166.7Hz)接近叶轮的由第12阶～18阶固有频率组成的禁带(1020.3～1054.5 Hz)时,数值分析结果显示叶片进口部位出现了振幅较大的振动,与该机组实际破坏的部位相符。研究结果表明所使用的振动模态局部化分析方法能够揭示叶轮发生疲劳破坏的原因,即是一类共振型疲劳破坏现象。     

周期波导中弹性波局部化问题的研究

基于弹性波传递矩阵方法，对周期波导中弹性波局部化问题进行了分析研究。根据互易性原理和能量地恒定律，给出了结构弹性波传递矩阵的一般表达式。采用两种求解局部化因子的计算方法，分别计算了谐和与失谐周期波导中的局部化因子，并对其进行了分析讨论。本文对周期波导中波传播与振动局部化的分析方法和计算结果可用于结构的优化设计。     

变质量密度简支梁横向振动的模态局部化

结构动力学领域的模态局部化现象最早由Hodges发现，主要发生在周期结构中．例如螺旋桨之类的循环对称结构、连续梁以及通信天线等大型空间桁架结构。发生摸态局部化现象时．振动能量集中于结构局部，容易造成结构破坏。实际上．模态局部化现象已经造成了一些损害．特别是在航宅航天领域。目前研究模态局部化现象时主要采用简单模型，例如周期分布的弹簧质量系统、均匀连续粱，O．O．Bendiksen研究了密度周期分布杆的纵向和扭转振动，求解了该问题的控制方程Mauthieu方程。本文基于Floquet解用Fourier级数法求解了变质量密度简支梁的横向振动问题，得到了固有频率和模态、并观察到了固有频率分组现象和模态局部化现象。求解特征值问题的过程中应用了连分式技术，有效的提高了计算精度。     

失谐弱耦合卫星天线结构振动分析及预测控制

为了研究弱耦合卫星天线结构的振动控制,建立了该结构的简化计算模型,并针对该模型研究了弱耦合卫星天线结构动力学性能的特殊性:结构失谐时的振动模态局部化现象;针对失谐前后的结构,采用预测控制方法进行了振动控制,并与二次线性最优控制(LQR)方法的振动抑制效果进行了对比. 仿真结果表明:弱耦合星载天线结构参数的微小失谐会导致结构振动产生明显的模态局部化;采用预测控制方法进行结构振动控制的效果明显优于LQR控制方法,且在失谐导致的模型失配时,预测控制方法对结构振动亦有较好的抑制;在进行此种结构的振动主动控制时必须考虑到结构失谐的影响.      

失谐叶片-轮盘结构系统振动局部化问题的研究进展

对近２０年来国内外关于失谐叶片－轮盘结构系统振动局部化问题研究的进展进行了较为详细的评述和讨论,文中首先说明了振动局部化问题的基本概念,然后对失谐叶片－轮盘结构系统模态局部化和动态响应局部化在分析模型、求解方法及其基本性质和规律等方面的研究进展进行了较为全面的评述,最后提出了今后应深入研究的问题．     

失谐周期弹性支撑多跨梁中的波动局部化

分析研究了失谐周期弹性支撑多跨梁中的波动局部化问题,采用传递矩阵方法给出了系统的传递矩阵,采用Wolf提出的计算Lyapunov指数的方法,确定了局部化因子,作为算例,给出了结构中局部化因子的数值结果,分析了跨长的失谐程度、线弹簧和抗弯弹簧的无量纲刚度对弹性波局部化的影响。     

近海风机叶片模态局部化产生机理及定量分析研究

在摄动理论的基础上,结合失谐度、模态密集度以及模态置信准则对模态局部化的产生机理做了定量描述,并用26自由度弹簧质点结构验证了其可行性。其次,用ANSYS建立了风机叶片模型,并通过改变材料的密度和弹性模量模拟了四种失谐情况,发现风机叶片刚度和质量的小量失谐也会对其模态振型产生显著的影响,同时通过定义新的模态局部因子来定量描述风机叶片结构的模态局部化程度。最后,对风机叶片失谐振型中谐调振型的成分进行了分析,研究表明,其成分越复杂,模态局部化程度也越强。     

振动能量俘获专题序

振动能量俘获技术需要进行多学科交叉融合, 只有能量俘获结构与外接电路协同工作并形成自供能系统, 才能将环境或宿主结构的振动能量最终高效地转化为无线传感网络长久稳定的电能. 通过解决一些非常棘手的力学难题, 振动能量俘获系统的效率可以得到有效的提升, 这其中包括能量俘获结构设计、动力学建模、理论分析、力电耦合机理的研究等. 这是振动能量俘获技术在各个学科应用中所面临的挑战, 同时也是一个共同发展、相互促进的机遇. 通过突破振动能量俘获技术的瓶颈, 将能量俘获推向更广的商业应用平台. 为了提高振动能量俘获系统的效率及其实用性, 需要解决一些基本问题, 包括: (1)如何设计与环境或宿主结构振动特征相匹配的能量俘获结构？(2)如何建立振动能量俘获器的精确动力学模型？(3)如何揭示其中的力电耦合机理？(4)如何高效存储振动能量俘获器产生的能量？围绕上述问题, 《力学学报》组织了《振动能量俘获》这一专题. 由于篇幅限制, 该专题包含了3篇综述论文和11篇研究论文, 从侧面反映了国内科研人员在该方向上的一部分最新研究进展, 供读者参考.      

具有组合非线性阻尼的非线性能量阱振动抑制响应分析

非线性能量阱是一种振动能量吸收装置,其在结构振动抑制中具有十分重要的作用.文章对具有组合非线性阻尼非线性能量阱的系统进行振动抑制相关的分析.首先对具有组合非线性阻尼非线性能量阱的系统进行理论模型的描述,对系统模型的运动方程利用复变量平均法进行推导,得到系统的慢变方程.其次对系统的慢变方程运用多尺度法进行强调制响应的分析,通过对系统进行慢不变流形和相轨迹的研究,描述系统强调制响应发生的条件基础.此外,还利用一维映射对系统进行分析,揭示外激励幅值对强调制响应存在时频率失谐系数取值区间的影响规律.最后利用能量谱、时间响应和庞加莱映射对耦合组合非线性阻尼非线性能量阱系统进行了振动抑制的相关研究,揭示组合非线性阻尼的非线性能量阱不同阻尼比、阻尼和刚度对其振动抑制效果的影响规律,得出组合非线性阻尼非线性能量阱和主结构响应存在一致性的现象,并验证所提出的组合非线性阻尼非线性能量阱模型具有较好的振动抑制能力.     

Wave localization in randomly disordered periodic layered piezoelectric structures

Considering the mechnoelectrical coupling, the localization of SH-waves in disordered periodic layered piezoelectric structures is studied. The waves propagating in directions normal and tangential to the layers are considered. The transfer matrices between two consecutive unit cells are obtained according to the continuity conditions. The expressions of localization factor and localization length in the disordered periodic structures are presented. For the disordered periodic piezoelectric structures, the numerical results of localization factor and localization length are presented and discussed. It can be seen from the results that the frequency passbands and stopbands appear for the ordered periodic structures and the wave localization phenomenon occurs in the disordered periodic ones, and the larger the coefficient of variation is, the greater the degree of wave localization is. The widths of stopbands in the ordered periodic structures are very narrow when the properties of the consecutive piezoelectric materials are similar and the intervals of stopbands become broader when a certain material parameter has large changes. For the wave propagating in the direction normal to the layers the localization length has less dependence on the frequency, but for the wave propagating in the direction tangential to the layers the localization length is strongly dependent on the frequency.The project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (10632020, 10672017 and 20451057).     

The SEA Approach to Vibration Localization in a Nearly Periodic Structure

Abstract

The phenomenon of vibration localization occurring in a nearly periodic structure was investigated through a statistical energy analysis (SEA) approach. The phenomenon has been examined mostly through a wave propagation approach, where a localization factor was often employed to evaluate the strength of vibration localization. The wave propagation approach properly predicted the factor close to Monte Carlo calculations in nearly periodic structures for both weak and strong couplings. In this analytical study, the localization factor was derived from the SEA approach for a nearly periodic structure monocoupled with a weak coupling. The SEA approach sequentially breaks the structure into two-oscillator blocked substructures and proposes a way of determining the vibration localization factor with equations of energy balance. This article shows that the SEA approach is quite appropriate for calculating the vibration localization factor compared to the wave propagation approach.     

Study on wave localization in disordered periodic layered piezoelectric composite structures

The two-dimensional wave propagation and localization in disordered periodic layered 2-2 piezoelectric composite structures are studied by considering the mechanic-electric coupling. The transfer matrix between two consecutive sub-layers is obtained based on the continuity conditions. Regarding the variables of mechanical and electrical fields as the elements of the state vector, the expression of the localization factors in disordered periodic layered piezoelectric composite structures is derived. Numerical results are presented for two cases—disorder of the thickness of the polymers and disorder of the piezoelectric and elastic constants of the piezoelectric ceramics. The results show that due to the piezoelectric effects, the characteristics of the wave localization in disordered periodic layered piezoelectric composite structures are different from those in disordered periodic layered purely elastic ones. The wave localization is strengthened due to the piezoelectricity. And the larger the piezoelectric constant is, the larger the wave localization factors are. It is found that slight disorder in the piezoelectric or elastic constants of the piezoelectric ceramics can lead to more prominent localization phenomenon.     

WAVE LOCALIZATION IN RANDOMLY DISORDERED PERIODIC PIEZOELECTRIC RODS

The wave propagation in periodic and disordered periodic piezoelectric rods is studied in this paper. The transfer matrix between two consecutive unit cells is obtained according to the continuity conditions. The electromechanical coupling of piezoelectric materials is considered. According to the theory of matrix eigenvalues, the frequency bands in periodic structures are studied. Moreover, by introducing disorder in both the dimensionless length and elastic constants of the piezoelectric ceramics, the wave localization in disordered periodic structures is also studied by using the matrix eigenvalue method and Lyapunov exponent method. It is found that tuned periodic structures have the frequency passbands and stopbands and localization phenomenon can occur in mistuned periodic structures. Furthermore, owing to the effect of piezoelectricity, the frequency regions for waves that cannot propagate through the structures are slightly increased with the increase of the piezoelectric constant.     

Vibration localization in disordered periodically stiffened double-leaf panels

Vibration localization in periodically stiffened double-leaf multi-span panels is studied by employing the transfer matrix method. The localization factors of the ordered and disordered systems are calculated based on the Lyapunov exponent. The numerical results show that the propagation of vibration in rib-stiffened periodic double-leaf panels exhibits passbands and stopbands. The vibration localization phenomenon occurs and is enhanced with the increasing disorder of span-length. The torsional rigidities of the stiffeners have a significant effect on the pass bands and the localization factor. With the torsional rigidity of the stiffeners increasing, the vibration localization factor first decreases, then increases and finally tends to be the situation of the rib-stiffened single-leaf panels. It is also noted that for the double-leaf panels a passband appears among the lower dimensionless frequencies for some particular values of torsional rigidity of the stiffeners while a stopband always exists for the single-leaf panels.     

WAVE LOCALIZATION IN RANDOMLY DISORDERED PERIODIC PIEZOELECTRIC RODS WITH INITIAL STRESS

The elastic wave localization in disordered periodic piezoelectric rods with initial stress is studied using the transfer matrix and Lyapunov exponent method. The electric field is approximated as quasi-static. The effects of the initial stress on the band gap characteristics are investigated. The numerical calculations of localization factors and localization lengths are performed. It can be observed from the results that the band structures can be tuned by exerting the suitable initial stress. For different values of the piezoelectric rod length and the elastic constant, the band structures and the localization phenomena are very different. Larger disorder degree can lead to more obvious localization phenomenon.     

Vibration analysis and active control of nearly periodic two-span beams with piezoelectric actuator/sensor pairs

The piezoelectric materials are used to investigate the active vibration control of ordered/disordered periodic two-span beams. The equation of motion of each sub-beam with piezoelectric patches is established based on Hamilton's principle with an assumed mode method. The velocity feedback control algorithm is used to design the controller. The free and forced vibration behaviors of the two-span beams with the piezoelectric actuators and sensors are analyzed. The vibration properties of the disordered two-span beams caused by misplacing the middle support are also researched. In addition, the effects of the length disorder degree on the vibration performances of the disordered beams are investigated. From the numerical results, it can be concluded that the disorder in the length of the periodic two-span beams will cause vibration localizations of the free and forced vibrations of the structure, and the vibration localization phenomenon will be more and more obvious when the length difference between the two sub-beams increases. Moreover, when the velocity feedback control is used, both the forced and the free vibrations will be suppressed. Meanwhile, the vibration behaviors of the two-span beam are tuned.