井孔约束下水平井段钻柱的浑沌运动

考虑了钻柱即时构形中轴向力对钻柱弯曲的影响,计及由于弯曲变形而产生的轴向附加力,得到了水平井段钻柱在周期性波动钻压激励下的非线性参数激励振动系统,导出了根据钻柱的物理和几何性质以及井孔尺寸计算系统参数的公式,选通过Calerkin法对控制方程在空间域内加权消残,然后在时间时间域内用Melnikov-Holmes方法得到了钻柱可能发生浑沌振动的参数激励的阈值,文中结果可能对钻井轨迹的控制具有一定的指导意义。     

气体钻井钻柱的静动力学特性研究

针对气体钻井钻具振动剧烈及频繁失效的实际问题,建立了全井段钻柱系统静力学模型和三向耦合振动的力学模型,研究了循环介质阻尼作用的计算公式。以川东某实钻井气体钻进段为例,利用考虑泥浆作用的振动模型与美国埃索公司现场数据和规律进行了对比,验证了全井段钻柱系统三向耦合振动力学模型的可行性与结果的可靠性;量化研究了全井钻柱的静力学特性与动力学特性,并与同工况参数下泥浆钻井钻柱的静力学特性和振动规律进行了对比。研究发现,气体钻井各钻具轴向力和轴向应力均高于泥浆钻井,且纵振、横振、扭振及涡动的幅频均强于泥浆钻井;工作过程中,气体钻井钻柱承受更大幅值的交变应力,这是导致钻具频繁失效的根源之一。     

气体钻井钻柱气固耦合横向振动的数学建模与求解

建立了考虑气体钻井液对钻柱内外耦合影响时的钻柱横向振动模型,包含了钻柱轴力、钻柱内注入压力、环空压力以及钻柱内气体对钻柱振动的影响;求解了钻柱振动方程,并分析了钻柱横向振动固有频率。研究表明注入物质的流动速度对钻柱的横向振动固有频率影响很大,流动速度达到一定程度时对钻柱的稳定性有较大影响,可能诱发钻柱弯曲失稳。     

起下钻时的钻柱和液柱系统纵向振动过程分析

本文建立了钻柱、钻柱内液柱和环空液柱的系统纵向振动方程，分析了起下钻时波动压力和反压差的影响因素，阐明了井下钻柱所受载荷的变化与大钩载荷的变化具有相同规律，为井下工况的预测、井下事故原因分析及井眼轨道控制系统控制信号的确定提供理论依据。     

Φ127mm API钻杆内加厚过渡带流场特性研究

研究发现钻杆内加厚过渡带管体刺漏是钻杆失效的主要形式之一,对此运用计算流体力学的方法对Φ127mm API钻杆内外螺纹端钻杆内加厚过渡带管体的速度场和压力场进行了模拟计算.分析了钻杆内加厚过渡带的结构参数,特别是钻杆内加厚过渡带长度miu和过渡圆弧半径R变化时的流场特点,并对钻井参数以及不同钻井液性能对流场的影响进行了分析.结果表明:miu和R越大,钻井液对管壁的剪切应力作用就会越小;增加钻井液的排量,钻杆内壁面的剪切应力会增大;钻井液粘度和密度增大时,钻井液对于钻杆内壁面的剪切应力的影响更为明显.     

钻柱卡点预测实验

卡点预测是处理卡钻事故的关键。利用管柱扭转变形的特性,设计了无钻杆接头的单一管柱和有钻杆接头的组合管柱,并分别建立了卡点预测计算公式。利用管柱力学实验平台、四分量传感器、数据无线传输系统、HP数据采集系统和相关数据处理软件,对两种管柱进行了扭转实验。本次实验结果为:对于单一管柱,相对误差为-1.88%;对于组合管柱,当不考虑钻柱接头的影响时,相对误差为-3.8%,考虑钻柱接头的影响时,相对误差为-1.02%。实验结果表明:扭转法可用于直井中钻柱卡点预测,钻杆接头和钻柱加厚部分对卡点计算的影响较大,用带有修正系数的计算公式预测精度较高。     

控压钻井环空卡森流体两相螺旋流轴向速度研究

考虑控压钻井环空气液两相流参数、钻井液周向与轴向运动等因素,本文提出了控压钻井环空卡森流体两相螺旋流柱坐标理论模型;通过新疆玛湖油田区块具体实例,分析了摩阻压降、屈服应力、环空外径、空隙率等对控压钻井两相螺旋流轴向速度的影响。结果表明:控压钻井环空卡森流体两相螺旋流流核及流速峰值向钻杆壁面靠近,距离环空内壁与钻杆外壁中心点的偏度可达8.36%;由于柯特流及钻井液动粘切力下降的影响,随杆转速和管径增大,卡森流体最大速度峰值在轴向的分布向环空壁面移动;随屈服应力的增大,流核宽度呈现增大趋势,当钻井液屈服应力为1.9Pa时,卡森流体流核宽度约为19.3mm;随控压钻井环空内空隙率增大,气液两相的粘度下降,螺旋流的轴向速度峰值呈增大趋势。分析螺旋流轴向速度分布可为控压钻井井口回压加载及环空流速控制提供帮助。     

基于 UKF 与互补滤波的随钻 IMU 井斜动态测量方法

针对随钻测斜仪安装在近钻头位置处受到的复杂冲击振动、钻柱旋转等干扰问题,提出一种基于无迹卡尔曼滤波（UKF）与互补滤波算法的随钻井斜动态测量方法。首先,利用限幅和低通滤波器滤除冲击噪声带来的加速度阶跃激励干扰信号和角速度高频干扰信号;然后,使用UKF滤除惯性测量单元（IMU）中加速度计和陀螺仪信号的大部分有色噪声;最后,建立加速度和角速度信息间的互补滤波器,滤除角速度信号的零偏噪声。仿真试验、复杂振动测试平台模拟实验及现场数据验证结果表明：钻具转速在0~300?r/min内时,井斜角整体测量精度在±?0.2?°以内;测量不受钻具转速与振动影响,实现了精准的随钻测斜。     

分析弹性支承输流管道的失稳临界流速

研究了两端弹性支承输流管道静态失稳和动态失稳临界流速. 根据梁模型横向弯曲振动模态 函数，由两端弹性支承的边界条件得到了其模态函数的一般表达式. 根据特征方程具体分析 了弹性支承刚度、质量比、流体压力和管截面轴向力等主要参数对失稳临界流速的影响. 数 值计算结果表明，管道在弹性支承下的动力稳定性比较复杂，在较小的弹性支承刚度和较小 的参数范围内，管道主要表现为动态颤振失稳；在较大的弹性支承刚度和较大的参数作用下， 管道的失稳形式主要表现为静态失稳；并且失稳临界流速随流体压力和管截面轴向压力的增 加而下降，随管截面轴向拉力的增加而上升.     

温度场作用下输流悬臂碳纳米管的颤振失稳分析

以非局部弹性理论为基础,采用欧拉-伯努利梁模型,考虑碳纳米管的小尺度效应,应用哈密顿原理获得了温度场作用下的输流悬臂单层碳纳米管（SWCNT）的振动控制方程以及边界条件,依靠微分变换法（DTM法）对此高阶偏微分方程进行求解,通过数值计算研究了温度场中悬臂单层输流碳纳米管的振动与颤振失稳问题。结果表明：管内流体流速、温度场中温度变化情况与小尺度参数都会对系统振动频率以及颤振失稳临界流速产生影响。其中,小尺度效应将会降低悬臂输流系统的稳定性,使系统更为柔软;而高温场与低温场对系统动态失稳的影响不同,低温场中随温度变化值的增加,系统的稳定性提高;高温场这一作用效果恰好与之相反。     

水平井钻柱接触问题的间隙元法

长中半径水平井钻柱与井壁的接触问题是大面积接触的几何非线性问题。本文通过构造“多向接触间隙元”把钻柱与井壁结合起来研究,能方便正确地反映这种接触状态的变化规律,也能解决一般有限元法会遇到的总刚奇异性问题。运用本文方法,可以对整体钻柱或下部钻柱进行接触有限元分析。采用欧拉-修正的牛顿迭代法进行运算,给出钻头受力变形值,为井眼轨道控制提供了重要依据。 现场实验证明,在井眼轨道跟踪预测和钻具组合性能评价方面,本文计算结果与实测结果符合很好,对提高钻进速度,保证钻井质量有较大的实用意义。     

Torsional vibration analysis of push-the-bit rotary steerable drilling system

Ordinary drillstring torsional vibration is a very common phenomenon that has been attracted great interesting. Through Measurement data, a series of studies and analysis of torsional vibration characteristics of the bottom hole assembly (BHA) have been developed. However, for rotary steerable system (RSS), especially push-the-bit mode, its drill torsional vibration phenomenon will demonstrate the new properties, because that the underground implementing agencies will generate cycle torque and drag to the BHA in the orientation process. This process is completely different to the previous. A set of “strap-down” measurement system was developed in this paper, and the triaxial accelerometer and triaxial fluxgate were installed near the bit. Proposed a method of solver drill bit rotation speed using real-time downhole measurement data (sampling frequency 100 Hz), and the torsional vibration mathematical model of push-the-bit RSS was established. We found that the torsional vibration phenomenon of push-the-bit RSS is more serious than the ordinary drilling system by downhole measurement data analysis, even in most cases manifested as stick-slip. The torsional vibration was divided into five different modes, which showing different statistical regularities. Corresponding analysis of the angular displacement and speed, we found that the drill bit always appears low-speed in the position of oriented. This is a strong proof of that the RSS implementing agencies pushing the BHA caused the drill bit torsional vibration more serious. This work is supplemented and development of the drill string torsional vibration studies. Contribute to the better understanding of the dynamics of the push-the-bit RSS. Put forward a new way of analysis the rotary steerable drillstring fatigue damage predicted, steering ability and the torsional vibration control.     

VIBRATION AND STABILITY OF VERTICAL UPWARD-FLUID-CONVEYING PIPE IMMERSED IN RIGID CYLINDRICAL CHANNEL

A theoretical model is developed for the vibration and stability of a vertical pipe subjected concurrently to two dependent axial flows. The external fluid, after exiting the outer annular region between the pipe and a rigid cylindrical channel, is conveyed upwards inside the pipe. This configuration thus resembles of a pipe that aspirating fluid. The equation of planar mo- tion is solved by means of the differential quadrature method （DQM）. Calculations are conducted for a slender drill-string-like and a bench-top-size system, for different confinement conditions of the outer annular channel. It is shown that the vibrations of these two systems are closely related to the degree of confinement of the outer annular channel. For a drill-string-like system with narrow annuli, buckling instability may occur in the second and third modes. For a bench-top-size system, however, both buckling and flutter may occur in the lowest three modes. The form of instability depends on the annuli size.     

Nonlinear motions of a flexible rotor with a drill bit: stick-slip and delay effects

In this article, a discrete model of a drill-string system is developed taking into account stick-slip and time-delay aspects, and this model is used to study the nonlinear motions of this system. The model has eight degrees-of-freedom and allows for axial, torsional, and lateral dynamics of both the drill pipes and the bottom-hole assembly. Nonlinearities that arise due to dry friction, loss of contact, and collisions are considered in the development. State variable dependent time delays associated with axial and lateral cutting actions of the drill bit are introduced in the model. Based on this original model, numerical studies are carried out for different drilling operations. The results show that the motions can be self-exited through stick-slip friction and time-delay effects. Parametric studies are carried out for different ranges of friction and simulations reveal that when the drill pipe undergoes relative sticking motion phases, the drill-bit motion is suppressed by absolute sticking. Furthermore, the sticking phases observed in this work are longer than those reported in previous studies and the whirling state of the drill pipe periodically alternates between the sticking and slipping phases. When the drive speed is used as a control parameter, it is observed that the system exhibits aperiodic dynamics. The system response stability is seen to be largely dependent upon the driving speed. The discretized model presented here along with the related studies on nonlinear motions of the system can serve as a basis for choosing operational parameters in practical drilling operations.     

Dynamics of rotating conveying mud drill string subjected to torque and longitudinal thrust

In the view of fluid-structure interactions and rotor dynamics, this paper models the lateral vibration of a vertical downward rotating elastic drill string conveying mud subjected to supporting stabilizers, bit torque and longitudinal thrust. The dynamic model involves the rotational inertia of the drill string tube cross section, the gyroscopic effect caused by rotation, the damping due to friction with the surrounding fluid, the gravity force and mud buoyancy. Damped natural frequency, stability and resonance of the drill string system are determined by quadratic eigenvalue problem and investigated at influences of the stabilizer, rotational angular speed, mud flowing velocity, bit torque and thrust. As a result, the drill string can lose stability both at simultaneous and separate influences of the mud conveying, bit torque and thrust, whereas the rotation, stabilizer and gravity of the drill string can improve system stability; the rotational angular speed causing system resonance decreases with the increase of the mud flowing velocity, bit torque and thrust.     

Understanding root cause of stick–slip vibrations in deep drilling with drag bits

In search for the root cause of stick–slip, a mode of torsional vibrations of a drilling assembly, a linear stability analysis of coupled axial–torsional vibrations has been carried out. It has been shown that in a rotary drilling system with axial and torsional degree of freedom two distinct modes of self-excited vibrations are present: axial and torsional. These axial (torsional) modes of vibrations are due to resonance between the cutting forces acting at the bit and the axial (torsional) natural modes of drillstring vibrations. It has been demonstrated that although axial and torsional modes of vibrations do affect each other the underlying mechanisms driving these modes of vibrations are completely different. In particular, the only driving mechanism of the axial vibrations is the regenerative effect, while there are two distinct mechanisms that drive the torsional vibrations: (i) the cutting action of the bit, and (ii) the wearflat/rock interaction. Moreover, in the case of the torsional vibrations the regenerative effect plays only a secondary role. The results of the present study indicate that the axial compliance can play a stabilizing role. In particular, the stabilizing role of the axial compliance increases as the ratio of the torsional to the axial natural frequency of the drillstring vibrations decreases.     

Parametric vibrations of flexible hoses excited by a pulsating fluid flow,Part I: Modelling,solution method and simulation

The article presents an analysis of a model describing lateral vibrations of a pipe induced by fluid flow velocity pulsation. The motion has been described with a set of two non-linear partial differential equations with periodically variable coefficients. In the analysis Galerkin method has been applied using orthogonal polynomials as shape function. To determine instability regions Floquet theory has been employed. The effect of selected parameters on parametric resonance ranges and regions of increased vibration level has been investigated. The character and form of vibrations have been investigated indicating the possibility of excitation of sub-harmonic and quasi-periodic vibrations in the combination resonance ranges.     

Numerical investigation on dynamic characteristics of drilling shaft in deep hole drilling influenced by minimal quantity lubrication

The dynamic characteristics of drilling shaft in deep hole drilling influenced by minimal quantity lubrication (MQL) is investigated. According to the features of the compressible fluid Reynolds equation in oil/air feature, a time-dependent mathematical model is established to describe the pressure distribution of cutting fluid with nonlinearity in MQL deep hole drilling. By introducing the differential transformation approach, the time-dependent pressure equation arising from cutting fluid is solved by the use of direct integral method. The influences of the rotational speed, the transverse displacement ratio, and radial clearance on the hydrodynamic pressure distribution of cutting fluid are obtained. The advantage of this method is to overcome much of the computational cost and has its rapid convergence rate. Furthermore, the nonlinear responses of drilling shaft influenced by MQL are analyzed, and the instability rotational speeds of drilling tool are discussed while the design parameters of drilling shaft system changing.     

5-1/2 FH钻杆接头极限承载能力研究

随着超深井、定向井、水平井、大位移井及大斜度井在石油钻井工程中的广泛应用,由井下复杂工况引起的钻杆接头过早失效问题日益突出,导致钻井周期增长,成本增加,成为制约钻井工程效益的主要因素之一.近年来,不少学者对钻杆接头进行了大量研究,多数采用二维轴对称模型,少数采用三维力学模型,但并未同时考虑螺纹升角和井眼弯曲作用等因素的影响,而钻杆接头的极限承载能力研究更是鲜见报道.针对上述问题,基于虚功原理、von Mises屈服原则及接触非线性理论,同时考虑螺纹升角和井眼弯曲作用,建立了钻杆接头的三维数值仿真模型与井眼曲率到加载弯矩的转换模型,研究了钻杆接头的上扣特性、井眼曲率对连接强度和密封性能的影响,考虑预紧力、弯曲载荷及动载安全系数,计算了钻杆接头的极限工作拉力和极限工作扭矩.研究结果表明:上扣扭矩使钻杆接头产生一定的初始接触压力,保证钻杆接头井下作业过程中的连接强度与密封性能;井眼曲率对钻杆接头井下作业过程中的连接强度与密封性能影响极大,常见的某些工况会导致钻杆接头的连接强度和密封性能丧失,考虑服役时的随机振动与冲击,常规的超深井、水平井、定向井、大位移井及大斜度井弯曲段钻杆接头的设计和选型应着重考虑井眼曲率的影响;针对设计的每种钻杆接头,都应考虑常见的井眼曲率和轴向拉伸载荷进行极限工作拉力和极限工作扭矩的精细化数值计算,以确保其安全工作.