薄膜涂层材料内部受集中力作用时的空间基本解

该文研究了薄膜涂层材料结构形式中薄膜涂层内部受垂直于界面的集中力作用下的显式理论解.基于三维轴对称理论,将位移函数设定为固定于力作用点和各映射点的局部坐标系下的形式,借助界面连续性条件和Dirichlet原理,所有未知位移函数可通过递推方式由无限体受集中力作用的基础解函数得到.该理论解以无穷级数形式给出.最后给出了该理论解和有限元数值计算的结果比较,表明收敛速度很快,一般只需前面几个映射点便可达到足够的精确度.     

等厚双层涂层材料受集中力作用的平面问题理论解

界面应力的正确评价是分析薄膜涂层材料力学特性的难题之一。利用镜像点法和Dirichlet等值性原理，本文推导了等厚双层薄膜涂层材料受表面集中力作用的平面问题理论解。该显式理论解是以固定在各镜像点上的局部坐标系下的Goursat应力函数的形式给出的。对应于高阶镜像点的应力函数，可通过递推的方法，从对应于低阶镜像点的应力函数求得，而且也易于计算机编程。随着镜像点阶数的增大，它与界面的距离也越来越大，因而相对应的应力函数对界面应力的影响越来越小。最后的算例表明，只需考虑前面有限个镜像点，便可获得足够精度的解。该理论解可作为格林函数，以求解复杂问题的理论解，也可用作边界元法的基本解，提高数值计算的精度和效率。     

半无限粘滞弹性介质中的应力分布

本文对由凯尔温-魏格特(Kelvin-Voigt)模型,麦克斯韦(Maxwell)模型,和凯尔温-麦克斯韦(Kelvin-Maxwell)模型表示的粘弹性材料的半无限体,在表面受一集中力作用下应力分量的计算给出了比较完善的结果,同时还给出了各该情况下表面垂直位移和无限匀布表面应力作用下的侧向应力变化的计算公式,最后给出了一个数值算例。     

垂直磁压电材料界面三维裂纹的超奇异积分法

应用有限部积分概念和广义位移基本解，垂直于磁压电双材料界面三维复合型裂纹问题被转 化为求解一组以裂纹表面广义位移间断为未知函数的超奇异积分方程问题. 进而，通过主部 分析法精确地求得裂纹尖端光滑点附近的奇性应力场解析表达式. 然后，通过将裂纹表面 位移间断未知函数表达为位移间断基本密度函数与多项式之积，使用有限部积分法对超奇异 积分方程组建立了数值方法. 最后，通过典型算例计算，讨论了广义应力强度因子的变化规 律.     

双材料自由边界面端部问题的数值分析

对各向异性双材料自由边界面端部奇异性场问题进行了研究,利用有限元分析法所得到的各向异性双材料自由边界面端部的应力奇异性指数以及角分布函数,构造了一个自由边界面端部单元,据此建立了自由边界面端部奇异性场的杂交应力模型,并结合Hellinger-Reissner变分原理导出应力杂交元方程,建立了求解平面各向异性材料裂纹尖端问题的杂交元计算模型.与四节点单元相结合,提出一种求解自由边界面端部广义应力强度因子的杂交元法.考核例结果表明:本文方法的数值解精度高,可应用于各向异性材料双材料自由边界面端部问题.     

平行于异材界面的三维椭圆平片裂纹分析

讨论了拉伸载荷作用下平行于两相材料界面的椭圆平片裂纹问题．首先,使用有限部积分概念和两相材料界面完全接合时的点力基本解导出了一组以裂纹表面位移差为未知函数的超奇异积分方程组．该组方程表明,此时三种裂纹模型同时存在;其次,在数值求解该组方程的过程中,未知函数裂纹表面位移差被近似为位移差的基本密度函数与多项式之积．基本密度函数反映了裂纹前沿应力奇性性态;最后,以拉伸载荷为例,讨论了椭圆平片裂纹与界面的距离、裂纹形状比和不同材料组合对应力强度因子的影响,并以图表形式给出。     

板材自由表面受法向集中力时的理论解

基于三维轴对称弹性理论,利用镜像点方法,给出了无限板表面受法向集中力作用的显式理论解．该解可用作格林函数,来求解分布力的问题．由于板的两个表面的反复映射,载荷点的镜像点有无穷多个,严密解是以固定在各镜像点的局部坐标系下的位移函数的和的形式给出的,但只需考虑前几个镜像点,就可获得足够精确的解．关于各镜像点的位移函数,是以递推形式给出的,易于计算机编程。     

有限元广义应力影响函数定理及算法

当一个定向的单位集中力在结构上移动时,结构某处某应力分量的值是该力位置的函数,称为应力影响函数.本文作者曾经提出并证明了连续体和有限元模型的平均应力影响函数定理,设计了算法,编制了程序,可用于求各类单元组成的复杂结构的应力影响函数,并已应用于工程中。本文发展上述理论,提出有限元模型广义应力影响函数定理,据此可用间接法一次求得任意单元中任一点应力分量或由应力分量的线性组合表示的物理量的影响函数。讨论了单元基准节点位移模式的单元特征向量求法。     

饱和多孔介质中Lamb问题的Green函数解答

利用作者根据饱和多孔介质动力学方程快、 慢纵波解耦求得的集中力作用下饱和多孔介 质Green函数解答, 通过柱坐标变换, 运用Sommerfeld积分, 再根据自由表面应力为零的特 征, 添加自由表面影响场, 从而求得半无限空间集中力作用下饱和多孔介质动力学问题的解 答. 其结果与Philippacopoulos解答结果一致; 当饱和多孔蜕化为单相时与Lamb的方程一 致. 整个推导过程明了, 物理意义也较为清晰; 方法符合常规解法. 因此, 该方法为简化与 规范饱和多孔介质动力学问题的解答提供了基础; 并且能为一直未解决的半无限空间饱和多 孔介质动力学问题的流相解答(诸如孔隙压、排水量)提供解决途径.     

含刚性椭圆夹杂的弹性平面奇异解

运用复变函数方法,求解了含刚性椭圆夹杂的无限弹性平面在任意位置作用集中力和集中力偶的问题,导出了界面应力公式,绘出了应力分布曲线。     

A Normal Force on the Free Surface of a Coated Material

The three-dimensional theoretical solution of a concentrated normal force acting on the free surface of a coated material has been deduced by applying the reflection method. It is found that all stress functions defined in the local coordinate systems with their origins placed at each mirror point can be deduced from the fundamental solution of a concentrated normal force acting on the free surface of a semi-infinite homogeneous medium. The structure of the elastic solution has been illustrated by numerical analysis. It is found that only the stress functions corresponding to the first few mirror points are influential. It is also found that the effect of material combination on the stress field shall be described by three parameters, the two Dundurs' parameters and one additional parameter.     

Fundamental solution for bonded materials with a free surface parallel to the interface. Part II: Solutions of concentrated force acting at the interior of the substrate and the case when the force acting at the interface

In this work, the exact analyses are presented for the plane problem of a coating material subjected to a concentrated force acting at the interior of the substrate and the case when the force at the interface. The stress functions are constructed as an infinite series form by utilizing the method of image. According to the orders of the image points from lower to higher, the terms in the stress functions series have the recursive relationships. For the case when the force acting at the substrate, the first two terms are the original stress functions for a homogenous infinite plane subjected to a concentrated force, which are known and simple. For the case when the force acting at the interface, the fundamental solution is obtained for two bonded dissimilar semi-infinite plane. The stress functions in this solution can be used as the first two terms for the problem considered in this paper. Therefore, all other terms can be derived by the recurrence equations explicitly. Also, through comparisons between the theoretical results and the numerical results by FEM, it is verified that the convergence rate of the solutions is very rapid. In most practical cases only the first several image points can ensure the solutions with satisfactory accuracy.     

An image treatment of elastostatic transmission from an interface layer

A basic theorem for representing the Airy stress function for two perfectly bonded semi-infinite planes in terms of the corresponding Airy function for the unbounded homogeneous plane is applied in a systematic stepwise fashion to generate the corresponding Airy stress function for a three-phase composite comprising two semi-infinite planes separated by a thick layer. The loading of the three-phase composite is arbitrary, and may be in or near the interface layer. The basic theorem is first illustrated by applying it to an elastic medium which is bounded by two unloaded straight edges which intersect at an angle π/n, where n is a positive integer. This example illustrates a case of a finite system of images, while the plane-layered medium problem leads to an infinite series of images.     

Theory of images in plane-layered axisymmetric elastostatics

A fundamental theorem which automatically transforms the solution due to the presence of an arbitrary axisymmetric singularity in an unbounded homogeneous isotropic elastic solid into the corresponding solution for two perfectly bonded isotropic semi-infinite elastic solids is systematically applied in a stepwise fashion to obtain the complete image system when an arbitrary axisymmetric singularity is operative in or near a thick elastic layer which separates two other dissimilar isotropic semi-infinite elastic solids. The solution is closed and well structured. As an illustration, the distant effect in the interface layer produced by an influencing normal point force is luminously revealed to be two-dimensional, consisting of a combination at the origin of a bending hot spot and an infinite line of centres of dilatation. We conclude the paper with a complete theory of images for a free elastic layer under the influence of both axisymmetric and asymmetric singularities. We find that if the influencing displacement field is the gradient of a harmonic function, then the calculation of the induced elastic field reduces to the operation of differentiation only.     

双材料界面端附近的奇异应力场

本文利用弹性力学中的Ｇｏｕｒｓａｔ公式，具体地给出了具有任意接合角的异材界面端附近的奇异应力场和位移场；所得到的关于应力奇异性次数的特征方程，与Ｂｏｇｙ利用Ｍｅｌｌｉｎ变换求得的结果完全一致。本文的结果还表明：材料常数对接合材料力学性能的影响可只用两个组合参数来描述。     

含有非圆形双孔的无限平板中应力的解析解研究

无限平板中含有任意形状单个孔的问题可以使用复变函数方法获得其应力解析解.对于无限平板中含有两个圆孔或两个椭圆孔的双连通域问题,也可以利用多种方法进行求解,比如双极坐标法、应力函数法、复变函数法以及施瓦茨交替法等.其中复变函数中的保角变换方法是获得应力解析解的一个重要方法.但目前尚未见到用此方法求解无限板中含有一个正方形孔和一个椭圆孔的问题.当板在无穷远处受有均布载荷和孔边作用垂直均布压力时,利用保角变换方法可以求解板中含有两个特定形状孔的问题.该方法将所讨论的区域映射成象平面里的一个圆环,其中最关键的一步是找出相应的映射函数.基于黎曼映射定理,提出了该映射函数一般形式,并利用最优化方法,找到了该问题的具体映射函数,然后通过孔边应力边界条件建立了求解两个解析函数的基本方程,获得了该问题的应力解析解.运用ANSYS有限单元法与结果进行了对比.研究了孔距、椭圆形孔大小和两孔布置方位对边界切向应力的影响,以及不同载荷下两孔中心线上应力分布规律.      

插值矩阵法分析与复合材料界面相交的平面裂纹奇异应力场

提出了用插值矩阵法分析与各向异性材料界面相交的平面裂纹应力奇异性。基于V形切口尖端附近区域位移场渐近展开,将位移场的渐近展开式的典型项代入线弹性力学基本方程,得到关于平面内与复合材料界面相交的裂纹应力奇异性指数的一组非线性常微分方程的特征值问题,运用插值矩阵法求解,获得了平面内各向异性结合材料中与界面以任意角相交的裂纹尖端的应力奇异性指数随裂纹角的变化规律,数值计算结果与已有结果比较表明,本文方法具有很高的精度和效率。     

Elastic study on singularities interacting with interfaces using alternating technique: Part II. Isotropic trimaterial

Singularity problems in an isotropic trimaterial are analyzed by the same procedure as in an anisotropic trimaterial of Part I [Int. J. Solids Struct. 39, 943–957]. `Trimaterial' denotes an infinite body composed of three dissimilar materials bonded along two parallel interfaces. Linear elastic isotropic materials under plane deformations are assumed, in which the plane of deformation is perpendicular to the two parallel interface planes, and thus Muskhelishvili's complex potentials are used. The method of analytic continuation is alternatively applied across the two parallel interfaces in order to derive the trimaterial solution in a series form from the corresponding homogeneous solution. A variety of problems, e.g. a bimaterial (including a half-plane problem), a finite thin film on semi-infinite substrate, and a finite strip of thin film, etc, can be analyzed as special cases of the present study. A film/substrate structure with a dislocation is exemplified to verify the usefulness of the solutions obtained.     

与界面相交的裂纹尖端的应力奇异性分析

为了确定与结合材料的界面相交的裂纹尖端附近的应力奇异性次数，提出了一种基于最小势能原理的一维特殊有限元法，以奇异点为原点半径r0的扇形奇异区域，可以简化为一维线性领域，即一条以代表结合材料的两个自由表面为端点的线段。对该一维线性领域作网格划分，采用三节点一维等参数二次单元。数值计算结果与已有理论解的比较表明，该方法具有很高的精度和效率，最后，利用文中给出的方法，得到了各向异性结合材料中与界面以任意角相交的裂纹尖端的奇异性次数随裂纹的变化规律。