高离化态类氖离子的电子碰撞激发特性研究

利用基于多组态Dirac-Fock(MCDF)理论方法的原子结构和性质计算程序GRASP92和全相对论扭曲波电子碰撞激发计算程序REIE06,系统计算了类氖离子(Z=50—57)激发组态2s22p53l和2s2p63l(l=s,p,d)的能级结构和碰撞激发截面,总结了碰撞激发截面随入射电子能量的变化规律,讨论了实验中感兴趣的(2p1/23d3/2)1→2s22p61S0(标记为3C线)与(2p3/23d5/2)1→2s22p61S0(标记为3D线)跃迁线强度比值的沿等电子系列特性和强组态相互作用对高离化态类氖离子截面的影响.     

Al^（10＋）的电子碰撞激发和电离

用扭曲波方法计算了Ａｌ￣（１０＋）离子基态和第一激发态的１ｓ、２ｓ和２ｐ电子的激发和电离截面。激发截面与文献［３］的结果符合很好。同时，２ｓ电离截面与文献［４］的结果也是一致的。在电离阈值处实现了激发截面（乘以“态密度”）与电离能量微分截面的光滑联接。     

Ca原子4s2-4s4p电子碰撞激发特性

基于全相对论扭曲波（RDW）电子碰撞激发计算程序REIE06,系统计算了Ca原子基态3p64s2 1S0到激发态3p64s4p 3P0,1,2 1P1精细结构能级的碰撞截面,总结了在不同入射电子能量下碰撞截面的变化规律。目前计算中,细致考虑了电子关联效应和Breit相互作用,计算结果与已有的理论计算进行比较,对实验值的相对误差较小。     

类镍Au~(51+)离子电子碰撞激发特性的研究

利用全相对论扭曲波方法和研究电子碰撞激发过程的计算程序REIE06系统计算了类镍Au~(51+)离子从基态(3s~23p~63d~(10))n=3壳层3 l(l=s、p、d)电子激发到4 l、5 l(l=s、p、d、f)的碰撞激发强度和截面,研究了在不同入射电子能量下截面的变化规律,通过对类镍Au51+离子涉及X射线激光跃迁的相关能级电子碰撞激发速率的计算,分析了等离子体中电子温度对碰撞过程的影响.部分计算结果与其它理论及实验结果进行了比较,取得了很好的一致性.     

质子碰撞电离过程中程函近似效应的理论研究

分别利用连续扭曲波方法和初态程函近似-连续扭曲波方法对质子碰撞电离氖原子1s,2s,2p壳层后随电离电子能量变化的单重微分散射截面(SDCS)和二重微分散射截面(DDCS)及总截面进行了计算,所得结果与部分实验数据符合得很好.详细探讨了各壳层SDCS和DDCS的细致结构以及质子碰撞的电离机制.结果表明,对于氖原子2p壳层,随着入射质子能量的增加,SDCS的区域变长,幅度减小,在低能区以软电离为主;而DDCS出现的峰均迅速减小.此外,分析了初态程函近似对SDCS和DDCS的影响,发现该效应对截面的影响在低能入射时非常明显,随着入射能量的增大,这种影响逐渐减弱.     

N原子光电离截面的理论计算

利用R-矩阵方法计算了N原子基态在光子能量为1-3Ry范围内的光电离截面,给出了自电离态2s2p3(5S'0)np4P(n=3～10)的共振能量,我们的结果与已有的多组态Hartree-Fock理论计算(MCHF)及最近的实验结果相比符合得很好.     

Debye等离子体中高能H++H碰撞激发过程的研究

利用碰撞参数玻恩近似方法研究了Debye 等离子体环境中高能H⁺+H的碰撞激发过程, 研究了不同Debye 半径下氢原子1s → 2p 的激发耦合相互作用矩阵元、入射粒子能量为160 keV/u 的激发电子跃迁概率以及入射粒子能量范围为100–1000 keV/u 的碰撞激发截面. 结果表明: 随着屏蔽效应的增强, 激发截面减小. 根据激发截面的公式以及计算结果详细分析了引起激发截面减少的原因. 入射粒子与激发电子之间的屏蔽相互作用势和靶的电子结构(波函数和能级) 对激发截面都有很重要的影响. 关键词： 等离子体 碰撞参数玻恩近似方法 碰撞激发截面     

电子碰撞激发氢原子和氦离子散射微分截面的计算（英文）

本文详细介绍计算电子碰撞激发散射截面的扭曲波玻恩近似(DWBA)理论模型,并对低能DWBA模型进行修正.利用修正的DWBA模型计算了电子碰撞激发氢原子和氦离子1s-2s和1s-2p的散射微分截面.将关于氢原子由基态到n=2态的电子碰撞激发散射微分截面与绝对实验测量数据比较,发现二者符合得很好,这验证了我们对DWBA修正的正确性.本文工作为拟合强场诱导的氦原子非序列双电离关联电子动量谱提供了有效的理论方法.     

Si2+离子与氢原子碰撞电离过程的CTMC计算

应用经典径迹蒙特卡罗方法研究Si2+离子与氢原子碰撞电离反应过程.计算了随入射离子能量变化的总截面、出射电子随角度和能量变化的一阶、二阶微分截面,及出射电子随入射离子能量变化的平均能量.根据计算结果,讨论展示了软碰撞、电子转移到入射离子连续态、两体相遇碰撞等电离机理,阐明了它们对碰撞总截面、微分截面、电离电子能量的影响.通过计算出射电子到入射离子和靶的距离比的电离电子数分布研究了不同入射离子能量"鞍点"电离机理的可能性.     

用速度影像技术研究Eu原子6p_(1/2)8s的自电离衰变的分支比

本文采用速度影像技术对Eu原子的自电离弹射电子的动力学过程进行了系统研究.实验采用三步孤立实激发方法分步从基态4f76s6s8S7/2经中间态4f76s6p6P5/2激发到4f76s8s8P7/2Rydberg态上,然后将其进一步共振激发至4f76p1/2(J=3)8s和4f76p1/2(J=4)8s自电离态.根据所用的激发路径及其选择定则可以得出自电离态的总角动量的可能取值;通过自电离过程能量守恒和角动量守恒原理推测自电离衰变对应的离子终态信息.利用电子透镜对上述自电离过程中产生的弹射电子进行聚焦和成像,通过位置敏感探测器对其动能进行分辨,运用速度影像技术进行数学变换和计算得到弹射电子的能量分布,分析并给出Eu原子自电离衰变分支比.同时通过调谐第三步激光的波长,得出了分支比随光子能量的变化规律,探讨了实现Eu离子粒子数反转的可能性.     

Interference effects in the resonant photoemission channels to the Ne+ 2p(4)(1D2)3p 2P, 2D,and 2F states in the Ne 1s excitation region

We present measurements of total and partial photoionization cross sections of Ne in the 1s excitation region. The total cross section exhibits resonances with symmetric profiles, whereas the branching ratios to the Ne+ 2p(4)(1D2)3p 2P, 2D, and 2F states present strong oscillations in the interresonance regions. We prove that not only the interference between the direct and resonant ionization processes but also the interference among the ionization processes via different nonisolated resonances are important for this effect.     

Excitation and photoionization processes involving the bound ns electrons

We have considered the processes of excitation and ionization of light multicharged ions by impact of high-energy particles, which proceed with participation of the ns electrons. The screening corrections to the energy levels and photoionization cross sections are evaluated analytically within the framework of the non-relativistic perturbation theory with respect to the electron-electron interaction. The universal scalings for the excitation and ionization cross sections are studied for arbitrary principal quantum numbers n.     

Photoionization of the excited He atom in Debye plasmas

We present theoretical photoionization cross sections for He 1s2s ¹S and He 1s2p ¹P states in a Debye plasma environment by the complex coordinate rotation method, using a finite L² basis set constructed from one electron Laguerre orbitals. The plasma environment is found to appreciably influence the photoionization cross sections near the ionization threshold. In this regard, the photoionization cross sections of isolated He are compared with other theoretical and experimental results. Our results are in good agreement with the previous results. A new minimum appears in the photoionization cross section curve for the metastable 1s2s ¹S state. Results are given for the S- and D-wave partial photoionization for the excited 1s2p ¹P state.     

C原子、离子光电离过程的规律研究

 基于Dirac-Slater自洽场方法，计算了C原子及各价离子从低能到高能的光电离截面。通过各种理论计算结果的比较，分析了Kramers公式的适用性。定量地考察了多极效应和相对论效应在不同能区对光电离截面的影响，并研究了光电离截面随光子能量、壳层、电离度变化的规律。     

Photoionization of synchrotron-radiation-excited atoms: separating partial cross sections by full polarization control

Resonant atomic excitation by synchrotron radiation and subsequent ionization by a tunable dye laser is used to study the photoionization of short-lived Rydberg states in Xe. By combining circular and linear polarization of the synchrotron as well as of the laser photons the partial photoionization cross sections were separated in the region of overlapping autoionizing resonances of different symmetry and the parameters of the resonances were extracted.     

Interference effects on the photoionization cross sections between two neighbouring atoms: nitrogen as an example

Interference effects on the photoionization cross sections between two neighbouring atoms are considered based on the coherent scattering of the ionized electrons by the two nuclei when their separation is less than or comparable to the de Broglie wave length of the ionized electrons. As an example, the single atomic nitrogen ionization cross section and the total cross sections of two nitrogen atoms with coherently added photoionization amplitudes are calculated from the threshold to about 60~\AA (1~\AA=0.1~nm) of the photon energy. The photoionization cross sections of atomic nitrogen are obtained by using the close-coupling R-matrix method. In the calculation 19 states are included. The ionization energy of the atomic nitrogen and the photoionization cross sections agree well with the experimental results. Based on the R-matrix results of atomic nitrogen, the interference effects between two neighbouring nitrogen atoms are obtained. It is shown that the interference effects are considerable when electrons are ionized just above the threshold, even for the separations between the two atoms are larger than two times of the bond length of N₂ molecules. Therefore, in hot and dense samples, effects caused by the coherent interference between the neighbours are expected to be observable for the total photoionization cross sections.     

Inner-shell ionization of atoms by electron,positron and photon impacts

Plane wave Born approximation with Coulomb, relativistic and exchange corrections is employed to obtain L1-, L2- and L3-subshell ionization cross sections of several atoms due to electron and positron impacts for projectile energy varying from the threshold of ionization to 60 times the threshold energy. Photoionization cross sections for all the three L-subshells of the atoms are also calculated using the hydrogenic approximation for the atomic wave functions. For L3-subshell the present cross sections due to electron impact are in good agreement with a number of experimental data for different atoms over the entire energy range investigated. For L1- and L2-subshells the present calculations yield qualitative agreement with the experimental data. The agreement between the present results and the limited experimental data for positron impact is also satisfactory. The hydrogenic approximation for the L-subshell photoionization is found to be good at small photon energies but it underestimates the cross sections at large photon energies.     

Measurements of photoionization cross sections from the 4p, 5d and 7s excited states of potassium

New measurements of the photoionization cross sections from the 4p ²P_1/2,3/2, 5d ²D_5/2,3/2 and 7s ²S_1/2 excited states of potassium are presented. The cross sections have been measured by two-step excitation and ionization using a Nd:YAG laser in conjunction with a thermionic diode ion detector. By applying the saturation technique, the absolute values of the cross sections from the 4p ²P_3/2 and 4p ²P_1/2 states at 355 nm are determined as 7.2±1.1 and 5.6±0.8 Mb, respectively. The photoionization cross section from the 5d ²D_5/2,3/2 excited state has been measured using two excitation paths, two-step excitation and two-photon excitation from the ground state. The measured values of the cross sections from the 5d ²D_5/2 state by two-photon excitation from the ground state is 28.9±4.3 Mb, whereas in the two-step excitation, the cross section from the 5d ²D_3/2 state via the 4p ²P_1/2 state and from the 5d ²D_5/2,3/2 states via the 4p ²P_3/2 state are determined as 25.1±3.8 and 30.2±4.5 Mb, respectively. Besides, we have measured the photoionization cross sections from the 7s ²S_1/2 excited state using the two-photon excitation from the ground state as 0.61±0.09 Mb.     

Near-threshold electron-impact ionization of calcium atoms

The electron-impact ionization of calcium atoms is studied in the near-threshold energy range (from 6.11 to 16 eV). Experiments were performed by the method of intersecting electron and atomic beams with the recording of formed positive calcium ions. The electron beam (ΔE _1/2 = 0.15 eV) was formed using a hypocycloidal electron monochromator. An analysis of the specific features of ionization cross sections revealed a contribution from the excitation and decay of low-lying autoionization atomic states, which converge to the excitation thresholds of the 3d, 4p, and 5s ionic levels, and resonances (long-lived states of negative ions). The specific features of cross sections are identified using the experimental and theoretical data on photoionization (photoabsorption).     

Lattice calculations of the photoionization of Li

Calculations are presented for the double photoionization (with excitation) and triple photoionization of the Li atom. The motion of all three electrons is treated equally by solving the time-dependent Schr?dinger equation in nine dimensions. A radial lattice is used to represent three of the nine dimensions, while a coupled channel expansion is used to represent the other six dimensions. Probabilities for photoionization are obtained by t--> infinity projection onto fully antisymmetric spatial and spin functions. Double photoionization cross sections for lithium leaving the ion in the 1s, 2s, and 2p states are presented. Good agreement is found with the measurements of Huang et al. [Phys. Rev. A 59, 3397 (1999)]] for the total double photoionization cross section and with the measurements of Wehlitz et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 1813 (1998)]] for the triple photoionization cross section.