用类O原子波函数对H+9团簇的体心立方结构与能量的研究

在单中心球模型近似下,选用类O原子解析函数,用变分法计算了H+9团簇体心立方结构与能量。结果表明当中心氢原子核到顶角氢原子核之间的距离R=1.97a0时,体系能量有一极小值E=-4.376h0(a0=0.529177×10-10m,h0=27.2eV)。这表明H+9团簇的体心立方结构是稳定的结构,H+9团簇是存在的。     

用类Li原子波函数对H52+团簇的正四面体中心结构与能量的研究

在单中心球模型近似下,选用类Li原子解析波函数,用变分法计算了H52 团簇正四面体中心结构与能量.结果表明当中心氢原子核到顶角氢原子核之间的距离R=1.93a0时,体系能量有一极小值E=-4.3792 Hartree(a0=0.529177×10-10m,1 Hartree=27.2 eV).这表明H52 团簇的正四面体中心结构是稳定的结构,H52 团簇是可能存在的.     

用类B原子波函数对H7^2＋团簇的正八面体中心结构与能量的研究

在单中心球模型近似下,选用类B原子解析波函数,用变分法计算了H27 团簇正八面体中心结构与能量.结果表明当中心氢原子核到顶角氢原子核之间的距离R=2.83a0时,体系能量有一极小值E=-3.918h0(a0=0.529177×10-10m,h0=27.2 eV).这表明H72 团簇的正八面体中心结构是稳定的结构,H27 团簇是可能存在的.     

Li2Bn(n=1—10)团簇的几何结构和电子性质

应用密度泛函理论(DFT)B3LYP方法在6-311+G(d)水平上计算并分析了Li2Bn(n=1-10)团簇的几何结构及电子性质.同时,讨论了团簇的平均结合能、能级间隙、二阶能量差分和极化率.研究表明: Li2Bn(n=1-10)团簇基态大多为立体构型. 能级间隙和二阶能量差分结果表明Li2B8是幻数团簇.对平均线性极化率和极化率的各向异性不变量研究表明,基态Li2Bn团簇的电子结构随B原子的增加虽然趋于紧凑,但尚未形成特定的堆积方式.     

用类B原子波函数对H2+7团簇的正八面体中心结构与能量的研究

在单中心球模型近似下,选用类B原子解析波函数,用变分法计算了H2+7团簇正八面体中心结构与能量.结果表明当中心氢原子核到顶角氢原子核之间的距离R=2.83α0时,体系能量有一极小值E=-3.918h0(a0=0.529177×10-10m,h0=27.2 eV).这表明H27+团簇的正八面体中心结构是稳定的结构,H2+7团簇是可能存在的.     

Ta4Cn^-/0(n=0-4)团簇的电子结构、成键性质及稳定性

本文采用尺寸选择的负离子光电子能谱技术,结合密度泛函理论,对Ta4Cn^-/0(n=0-4)团簇电子结构、成键性质以及稳定性进行了研究.实验测得Ta4Cn-(n=0—4)团簇负离子基态结构的垂直脱附能分别为(1.16±0.08),(1.35±0.08),(1.51±0.08),(1.30±0.08)和(1.86±0.08)eV.中性Ta4Cn(n=0—4)团簇的电子亲和能分别为(1.10±0.08),(1.31±0.08),(1.44±0.08),(1.21±0.08)和(1.80±0.08)eV.研究发现Ta4^-/0团簇为四面体结构,Ta4C1-/0团簇中碳原子覆盖在Ta4四面体的一个面上方,Ta4C2^-/0团簇则是两个碳原子分别覆盖在Ta4四面体中的两个面上方.Ta4C3^-/0团簇是一个缺角立方体结构.Ta4C4^-/0团簇则是近似立方体结构,可以看成是α-TaC面心立方晶体的最小晶胞单元.分子轨道分析结果显示Ta4C3团簇的单电子最高占据轨道主要布居在单个钽原子周围,导致Ta4C3^-团簇的垂直脱附能明显低于其相邻团簇.理论研究显示随着碳原子数目的增加,Ta4Cn^-/0(n=0—4)团簇中的钽-钽金属键逐渐被钽-碳共价键取代,单原子结合能逐渐增加且明显高于Ta4+n^-/0(n=0-4)团簇.中性Ta4C4的单原子结合能高达7.13 eV,这说明钽-碳共价键的形成有利于提高材料的熔点,这与碳化钽作为高温陶瓷材料的特性密切相关.     

(CuAu3)n和(Cu3Au)n(n=1～15)团簇基态能量和结构的MOnte Carlo模拟研究

本文采用Monte Carlo方法和Gupta势函数对(CuAu3)n和(Cu3Au)n团簇的基态能量和结构进行了模拟研究,通过计算平均结合能、结合能的一阶差分和二阶差分,分析了团簇的稳定性.结果表明:(Cu3Au)n和(CuAu3)n团簇都为立体结构,都是以二十面体为基础形成的;(Cu3Au)n和(CuAu3)n团簇结构中金原子都有位于团簇表面的倾向;这两类团簇结构的区别在于:在(Cu3Au)n团簇中,铜一金原子混合程度高;而(CuAu3)n团簇中,形成金原子位于表层,铜原子位于中心的层状结构;且当n=3、5、7、9时,(Cu3Au)n和(CuAu3)n团簇在各自的序列中相对稳定性较邻近团簇高,特别是n=7的团簇,相对稳定性最高.     

铜团簇几何结构和结合能的半经验理论研究（Ⅱ）—正二十面体密堆结构…

利用已建立的嵌入原子法描述铜团簇中原子之间的相互作用，本文分别计算了一些具有正二十面体和立方八面体密堆结构形式的铜小团簇（原子数ｎ为１３≤ｎ≤２０１）的结合能，阐述了结合能随结构团簇大小的变化规律。根据计算结果，在原子数目增到１０＾３时，团簇将由正二十面体密堆结构形式转化为立方八面体密堆结构形式，这一结果和已有的实验观测是一致的。     

Li2Bn(n=1～10)团簇的几何结构和电子性质

应用密度泛函理论(DFT)B3LYP方法在6-311+G(d)水平上计算并分析Li2Bn(n=1～10)团簇的平均结合能、能级间隙、二阶能量差分和极化率等物理化学性质.由此讨论了团簇的几何结构和电子性质.研究表明:Li2Bn(n=1～10)团簇基态大多为主体构型,能级间隙和二阶能量差分结果表明Li2B8为幻数团簇.对平均线性极化率和极化率的各向异性不变量研究表明,基态Li2Bn团簇的电子结构随B原子的增加虽然趋于紧凑,但尚未形成特定的堆积方式.     

（CuAu3）n和（Cu3Au）n（n=1-15）团簇基态能量和结构的Monte Carlo模拟研究

本文采用Monte Carlo方法和Gupta势函数对（CuAu3）n和（Cu3Au）n团簇的基态能量和结构进行了模拟研究,通过计算平均结合能、结合能的一阶差分和二阶差分,分析了团簇的稳定性。结果表明：(Cu3Au)n 和(CuAu3)n团簇都为立体结构,都是以二十面体为基础形成的; (Cu3Au)n 和(CuAu3)n团簇结构中金原子都有位于团簇表面的倾向;这两类团簇结构的区别在于：在(Cu3Au)n团簇中,铜-金原子混合程度高;而(CuAu3)n团簇中,形成金原子位于表层,铜原子位于中心的层状结构;且当n=3、5、7、9时,(Cu3Au)n 和(CuAu3)n团簇在各自的序列中相对稳定性较邻近团簇高,特别是n=7的团簇,相对稳定性最高。     

Formation Mechanism and Binding Energy for Body-Centred Regular Octahedral Structure of Li7 Cluster

The formation mechanism for the body-centred regular octahedral structure of Li7 cluster is proposed. The curve of the total energy versus the separation R between the nucleus at the centre and nuclei at the apexes for this structure of Li7 has been calculated by using the method of Gou＇s modified arrangement channel quantum mechanics （MACQM）. The result shows that the curve has a minimal energy of-52.169 73 a.u. at R = 5.06ao. When R approaches infinity, the total energy of seven lithium atoms has the value of-51.996 21 a.u. So the binding energy of Li7 with respect to seven lithium atoms is 0.173 52 a.u. Therefore the binding energy per atom for Li7 is 0.024 79 a.u. or 0.674 eV, which is greater than the binding energy per atom of 0.453 eV for Li2, the binding energy per atom of 0.494 eV for Li3 and the binding energy per atom of 0.632 eV for Li5 calculated previously by us. This means that the Li7 cluster may be formed stably in a body-centred regular octahedral structure with a greater binding energy.     

Formation Mechanism and Binding Energy for Regular Tetrahedral Structure of Li4

The formation mechanism for the regular tetrahedral structure of Li4 cluster is proposed. The curve of the total energy versus the separation R between the two nuclei has been calculated by using the method of Gou＇s modified arrangement channel quantum mechanics （MACQM）. The result shows that the curve has a minimal energy of-29.8279 a.u. at R = 14.50 ao. When R approaches infinity the total energy of four lithium atoms has the value of-29.7121 a.u. So the binding energy of Li4 with respect to four lithium atoms is the difference of 0.1158 a.u.for the above two energy values. Therefore the binding energy per atom for Lh is 0.020 a.u., or 0.7878 eV, which is greater than the binding energy per atom of 0.453 eV for Li2, the binding energy per atom of 0.494 eV for Lia and the binding energy per atom of 0.632 eV for Li5 calculated previously by us. This means that the Li4 cluster may be formed stably in a regular tetrahedral structure of side length R = 14.50 ao with a greater binding energy.     

Formation Mechanism and Binding Energy for Regular Octahedral Structure of Li6 Cluster

The formation mechanism for the regular octahedral structure of Li₆ cluster is proposed. The curve of the total energy versus the separation R between any two neighboring nuclei has been calculated by using the method of Gou's modified arrangement channel quantum mechanics (MACQM). The result shows that the curve has a minimal energy of -44.736 89 a.u. at R = 5.07a₀. When R approaches infinity, the total energy of six lithium atoms has the value of -44.568 17 a.u. So the binding energy of Li₆ with respect to six lithium atoms is 0.1687 a.u. Therefore, the binding energy per atom for Li₆ is 0.028 12 a.u., or 0.7637 eV, which is greater than the binding energy per atom of 0.453 eV for Li₂ and the binding energy per atom of 0.494 eV for Li₃ calculated in our previous work. This means that the Li₆ cluster may be formed in a regular octahedral structure with a greater binding energy.     

Formation Mechanism and Binding Energy for Equilateral Triangle Structure of Li3 Cluster

The formation mechanism for the equilateral triangle structure of Lia cluster is proposed. The curve of the total energy versus the interatomic distance for this structure has been calculated by using the method of Gou＇s Modified Arrangement Channel Quantum Mechanics. The result shows that the curve has a minimal energy of-22.338 60 a.u at R = 5.82 ao. The total energy of Lia when R approaches co has the value of-22.284 09 a.u. This is also the total energy of three lithium atoms dissociated from Lia. The difference value of 0.0545 08 a.u. for the above two energy values is the dissociation energy of Li3 cluster, which is also its binding energy. Therefore the binding energy per lithium atom for Lia is 0.018 169 a.u. = 0.494 eV, which is greater than the binding energy of 0.453 eV per atom for Li2 calculated in a previous work. This means that the Li3 cluster may be formed in the equilateral triangle structure of side length R = 5.82ao stably with a stronger binding from the symmetrical interaction among the three lithium atoms.     

H^—5的正四面体中心和正方形中心构型能量的理论计算

文中用ＭＡＣＱＭ（ｍｏｄｉｆｉｅｄａｒａｎｇｅｍｅｎｔｃｈａｎｎｅｌｑｕａｎｔｕｍｍｅｃｈａｎｉｃｓ）方法计算了负离子团簇Ｈ－５的正四面体中心和正方形中心构型的能量随中心原子核到顶角原子核间距离Ｒ变化的曲线。计算得知，两种构型均在Ｒ＝１．５５ａ０时有能量极小值Ｅ正四面体中心＝－２．７８９９ａ．ｕ．，Ｅ正方形中心＝－２．７５３９ａ．ｕ．。说明Ｈ－５的这两种结构都可能存在，但正四面体中心结构较为稳定。     

H9^＋团簇的体心立方结构与能量的理论计算

此文利用单电子在中心氢原子核与周围每个氢原子核之间形成单电子键的共振模型来划分通道，将改进的排列通道量子力学方法推广应用于Ｈ９＋的体心立方结构与能量的理论计算。结果发现，当中心与周围顶角问距Ｒ０＝１．９０ａ０时，总能量有一极小值－４．３０８ｈ．ａ．ｕ，表明Ｈ９＝的体心立方结构是稳定存在的。此外，Ｈ９团簇电离时体积要发生膨胀，大约膨胀到原来的１．５倍。     

The formation mechanism and the binding energy the body—centred regular tetrahedral structure of He5^＋

We propose the formation mechanism of the body-centred regular tetrahedral structure of the He5^ cluster,The total energy curve for this structure has been calculated by using a modified arrangement channel quantum mechanics method.The result shows that a minimal energy of -13.9106 a.u.occurs at a separation of 1.14a0 between the nucleus at the centre and nuclei at the apexes.Therefore we obtain the binding energy of 0.5202a .u.for this structure.This means that the He5^ cluster may be stable with a high binding energy in a body-centred regular tetrahedral structure.     

THE MACQM CALCULATION OF THE TOTAL ENERGY CURVE OF THE BODY-CENTERED CUBIC STRUCTURE OF THE H_9~- CLUSTER

ＴＨＥＭＡＣＱＭＣＡＬＣＵＬＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＴＨＥＴＯＴＡＬＥＮＥＲＧＹＣＵＲＶＥＯＦＴＨＥＢＯＤＹ－ＣＥＮＴＥＲＥＤＣＵＢＩＣＳＴＲＵＣＴＵＲＥＯＦＴＨＥＨ－９ＣＬＵＳＴＥＲＧｏｕＱｉｎｇｑｕａｎＺｈａｎｇＪｉａｎｐｉｎｇＬｉＰｉｎｇＩｎｓｔｉｔｕ...     

Formation Mechanism and Binding Energy for Equilateral Triangle Structure of He3+ Cluster

The formation mechanism for the equilateral triangle structure of the He3 cluster is proposed. The curveof the total energy versus the internuclear distance R for this structure has been calculated by the method of a modifiedarrangement channel quantum mechanics. The result shows that the curve has a minimal -7.81373 a.u at 1 = 1.55 a0.The binding energy of He3 with respect to He He He was calculated to be 0.1064 a.u. (about 2.89 eV). This meansthat the He3 cluster may be formed in the equilateral triangle structure stably by the interaction of He with two heliumatoms.