变形双重介质分形油藏非达西流动分析

考虑与实际生产相符的介质的双重特性和分形特征,并考虑介质的变形,引入双重分形介质渗透率模数,建立应力敏感地层双重分形介质系统的流动方程.采用Douglas-Jones预估-校正法获得无限大地层定产量生产时变形双重分形介质模型的数值解和无限大地层定压生产时分形介质双孔模型的数值解,作出了典型的压力曲线图版.     

聚苯胺的低温比热研究

测量了聚苯胺的中间氧化态以及掺杂盐酸后的样品在1.8至45K范围内的比热，比热数据可以用非晶态和晶态两部分的贡献来解释.利用声子-分形子模型成功地解释了低温下比热高于德拜理论趋势的反常现象.从本文的实验数据来看，没有观察到电子对比热容的贡献. 关键词： 低温比热 聚苯胺 分形     

计入次近邻作用的─维点阵的定＂长＂比热

计算了计入次近邻相互作用后一维点阵在低温下的定＂长＂比热,结果表明次近邻的影响使比热减小．比热;次近邻作用     

分形介质的传热与传质分析(综述)

本文论述了分形介质的分形理论和数学基础,并简要综述了用分形理论和方法研究分形介质的传热与传质特性(如多孔介质的渗透率、热导率以及池核态沸腾换热)方面目前所取得的研究进展,最后扼要展望了用分形理论和方法进一步研究分形介质的传热与传质的可能的若干课题和方向。     

计入次近邻作用的一维点阵的定“长”比热

计算了计入次近邻相互作用后一维点阵在低温下的定“长”比热。结果表明次近邻的影响使比热减小。     

考虑相重新分布的双重介质分形油藏不稳定渗流压力动态特征

基于分形油藏渗流力学,针对存在井筒储集、表皮效应和井筒相重新分布影响下的不稳定渗流问题,建立双重介质分形油藏有效井径数学模型,并采用Douglas-Jones预估校正法求得无限大地层定产量生产条件下的非线性数值解.由数值解可知,该系统完整的压降曲线由四个流动区组成.最后分析各个分形参数、相重新分布参数和双重介质参数变化时压力的变化规律,做出典型压力曲线图版,为研究复杂渗流系统中相重新分布影响下的不稳定渗流规律提供参考.     

分形多孔介质中流体流动的LBM模拟

基于分形理论构造了规则Sierpinski地毯结构来模拟多孔介质孔隙结构,采用Lattice Boltzmann Method(LBM)分别对不同孔隙率与进出口压差下的分形多孔介质中的流体流动进行了数值模拟.结果表明,分形多孔介质的某些流场结构也具有分形特征;体积流量和流场进出口压差呈线性关系,符合Darcy定律;流体穿过分形多孔介质的体积流量与孔隙率成指数函数关系.     

具有二维fBm特征的分层介质粗糙面电磁散射的特性研究

运用微扰法研究了平面波入射分层介质粗糙面的电磁散射,推出了不同极化状态下的双站散射系数公式.采用二维fBm分形粗糙面来模拟实际的分层介质粗糙面,结合二维fBm分形粗糙面的功率谱导出了平面波入射二维fBm分形分层介质粗糙面的散射系数计算公式.通过数值计算得到了HH极化下双站散射系数随散射角的变化曲线,讨论了分维、底层介质介电常数、中间介质介电常数和厚度及入射波频率对双站散射系数的影响,得到了二维fBm分形分层介质粗糙面散射系数的分维特征、基本特征、分区特征和随频率变化的特征. 关键词： 电磁散射 二维fBm分形粗糙面 分层介质 微扰法     

基于Sierpinski地毯结构的类分形光子晶体特性研究

将谢尔宾斯基(Sierpinski)地毯结构引入二维光子晶体,设计了一种具有规则分形结构特征的光子晶体-Sierpinski类分形光子晶体.采用时域有限差分法仿真分析了空气背景介质柱和介质背景空气孔结构Sierpinski类分形光子晶体的透射谱.结果表明,只有当TM波入射空气背景介质柱结构时,Sierpinski类分形...     

分形多孔介质中的热传导

本文将多孔介质视为由骨架和空隙组成的二元混合介质,研究了多孔介质中的热传导过程,发现分形结构中的导热规律与孔隙的分布有关,存在着与实体导热完全不同的特征。计算表明,分形介质中的导热过程除了与基质(骨架)的分形维数有关外,还与基质率以及反映介质中热量传递动态过程有关。     

基于康托尔分形微通道流动与传热的模拟

高密度、 小体积和高集成的电子元器件散热困难, 易造成过早失效, 采用微通道换热器可以实现小体积内高热流的散热, 但流动阻力很大. 为了保证传热效果, 降低流动阻力, 本文提出了一种新型的微通道结构并对其流动与传热特性进行了数值模拟. 首先研究了微通道形状和结构, 模拟结果表明: 进出口截面宽高比为0.8 的矩形微通道的换热效果最好; 并在此基础上提出一种康托尔分型凹槽结构, 研究了有无康托尔分形以及不同分形级数对流动与传热性能的影响, 综合对比发现: 第二级康托尔分形模型 N2 既能保证热阻显著降低, 又能相比阵列结构降低压降, 具有明显的换热优势; 最后对这种康托尔分形结构的凹槽形状, 尺寸及不同方向上的分形进行研究, 结果表明梯形凹槽的下上表面长度比b/a 为0.6 、 流动方向分形比fx 为1 .25 和通道高度方向分形比fy 为1 .5 时换热流动性能最佳.     

A fractal study for nucleate pool boiling heat transfer of nanofluids

In this paper, a fractal model for nucleate pool boiling heat transfer of nanofluids is developed based on the fractal distribution of nanoparticles and nucleation sites on boiling surfaces. The model shows the dependences of the heat flux on nanoparticle size and the nanoparticle volume fraction of the suspension, the fractal dimension of the nanoparticle and nucleation site, temperature of nanofluids and properties of fluids. The fractal model predictions show that the natural convection stage continues r...     

Direct experimental verification of the isomorphism hypothesis for critical phenomena

The heat capacity at constant volume of a mixture of methane and 0.0345 mole fractions of heptane is experimentally studied over a wide range of densities and temperatures. In the case when the transition from a three-phase state takes place in the presence of a noncritical liquid phase, it is found that the behavior of the heat capacity in the vicinity of the upper end critical point is fully isomorphic with the behavior of the heat capacity in the vicinity of the liquid-vapor critical point of one-component fluid. It is shown that the measured quantity in this experiment is the heat capacity at constant volume and constant chemical potential μ of the heavy impurity component C _{v, μ}. Thus, it has been confirmed by direct measurements that the anomaly of this heat capacity completely coincides in character with the anomaly of the heat capacity at constant volume in the vicinity of the liquid-vapor critical point of one-component fluids.     

Calorimetric investigation of electronic and lattice excitations of the icosahedral quasicrystal in the range of moderate temperatures

The precise measurements of the specific heat and the linear expansion coefficient of polygrain samples of the ordered icosahedral phase Al₆₃Cu₂₅Fe₁₂ have been performed in the temperature range 1.8–400.0 K. The deviations from the Grüneisen law, according to which the temperature dependences of the lattice specific heat at constant volume and the linear expansion coefficient are identical to each other, have been analyzed. The proofs that the specific heat of the quasicrystals contains latent electronic and lattice contributions of the Schottky type have been obtained. The revealed contributions can be thermodynamic consequences of the fractal energy spectra.     

铜银合金比热的分子动力学模拟

本文采用嵌入原子模型对铜银合金的比热进行了分子动力学模拟，得到了铜银合金从深过冷态到熔点以上温度范围内的比热以及比热随温度的变化规律，并从内聚能的角度分析了铜银合金比热与温度的关系。与已有的铜镍合金的比热随温度变化规律的报道不同，本文的模拟结果和理论分析表明铜银合金的比热在 ８００ Ｋ～１９００ Ｋ的温度范围内基本为一恒值，其过冷液态下的比热可由熔点以上的比热外推得到。     

非简谐振动对SiC类石墨烯热输运性质的影响

考虑到原子的非简谐振动,应用固体物理理论和方法,计算了SiC类石墨烯的简谐系数和非简谐系数,得到它的德拜温度、热容量和热导率等随温度的变化规律,探讨了原子非简谐振动对它的热输运性质的影响.结果表明:SiC类石墨烯的德拜温度随温度的升高而在117-126 K之间线性增大,定容比热随温度升高而非线性增大,热导率随温度升高而非线性减小,温度较低时变化较快,而温度较高时变化较慢,并随着温度升高而趋于常量;考虑到非简谐振动后,SiC类石墨烯的德拜温度、定容比热和热导率的值分别大于、小于和大于简谐近似的相应值,温度愈高,其差值愈大,即温度愈高,非简谐效应的影响愈显著;二维平面状的SiC类石墨烯的定容比热和热导率随温度的变化规律,与三维块状SiC晶体总体趋势相同,只是具体数值不同.     

纳米流体对流换热机理分析

考虑在纳米流体中纳米颗粒做布朗运动引起的对流换热, 基于纳米颗粒在纳米流体中遵循分形分布, 本文得到纳米流体对流换热的机理模型. 本解析模型没有增加新的经验常数, 从该模型发现纳米流体池沸腾热流密度是温度、纳米颗粒的平均直径、 纳米颗粒的浓度、纳米颗粒的分形维数、沸腾表面活化穴的分形维数、基本液体的物理特性的函数. 对不同的纳米颗粒浓度和不同的纳米颗粒平均直径与不同的实验数据进行了比较, 模型预测的结果与实验结果相吻合. 所得的解析模型可以更深刻地揭示纳米流体对流换热的物理机理.     

超流氦制冷系统2K冷却级热力分析

通过对节流阀阀前J-T换热器的效率以及2 K冷却级的制冷量等参量与节流阀前温度、压力以及J-T换热器冷、热端温差等关系的分析表明,考虑比热变化时J-T换热器的效率均低于不考虑比热变化时的J-T换热器的效率,且发现在降低换热器入口温度来提高单位质量氦气的2 K制冷量时,J-T换热器的热效率将降低。分析结果表明为避免系统变工况运行时换热器运行出现负温差,建议J-T换热器应该以限定冷端温差进行设计。     

Thermodynamic and magnetic properties of LaSn3

Thermal expansion coefficient between 77 and 900K, isothermal compressibility in the 0–80 Kbar pressure range, magnetic susceptibility between 77 and 1300 K and heat capacity at constant pressure in the 20–300 K temperature range were determined for the LaSn₃ compound. From the experimental data, the specific heat at constant volume was calculated and the thermal dependence of the Debye's parameter θ_D was obtained. The electron contribution to the heat capacity was also determined from the high temperature data. The magnetic properties confirm that there is no evidence of the existence of a magnetic moment localized on La atoms, in contrast with a previous report and in agreement with the general assumptions. A little anomaly found in the expansion coefficient, in the isothermal compressibility and in the specific heat is discussed in terms of a lattice order-disorder phenomenon.     

Thermodynamic properties at constant volume around the solid–liquid phase transition in single metals by using molecular dynamics

Molecular dynamics simulations were performed for eight different metals to calculate their constant volume heat capacity and latent heat in both liquid and solid phases. The atomic interaction for the simulations is taken as modeled by the n-body semi-empirical Gupta potential. The per atom energies of the simulation as a function of the temperature are recognized as the caloric curves of the systems and therefore the slopes of these curves represent the constant volume heat capacities. The values obtained in the simulation for the constant volume heat capacity are in good agreement with the Dulong and Petit law for solids at high temperature, which indicates that the equipartition of energy is well recovered in the simulations. The maximum deviation from this law occurs for metals with the slightest atomic masses. The obtained values for the constant volume heat capacities in the liquid phase are systematically smaller than those in the solid phase, this being physically correct.