共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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通过蒙特卡罗模拟和实验测量相结合的方法,获得从50keV~10MeV区间γ射线在直径为30mm内充1.013 25MPa氢气的球形含氢正比计数管上的能量响应,结果显示,γ射线在该计数管中的能量沉积主要集中在100keV附近及以下。Am-Be中子源和137 Cs源的实验测量结果显示,强137 Cs源的γ射线会严重影响含氢正比计数管对Am-Be中子源100keV以下能谱的测量,这表明,裂变材料介质内的强γ射线同样会影响到介质内100keV以下中子能谱的测量。根据计数管对反冲质子和电子电离信号的收集特性,采用上升时间法甄别掉本底γ射线是可行的。 相似文献
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为了将氘化液闪探测器(BC537)测量的反冲电子谱转换为γ射线能谱,利用标准γ点源对BC537探测器的响应进行了测量并运用基于蒙特卡罗方法的Geant4程序计算了BC537探测器探测γ射线的响应函数。讨论了探测器建模中有无铝壳和入射γ射线束流半径对探测效率和响应函数的影响。对比模拟和实验测量的反冲电子谱,两者符合较好。利用模拟的响应函数和实验测量标准γ源Cs-137和Co-60以及AmBe源在BC537探测器中的反冲电子谱,经迭代法解谱得到了对应的标准γ射线能谱,验证了模拟参数的合理性以及该响应函数的实用性。 相似文献
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玻璃固化体是用来固化放射性废物的硅酸盐。作为放射性废物处理的第一道工程屏障,它的耐辐照性能尤其引人注目。本工作使用硼硅酸盐玻璃模拟玻璃固化体材料,用不同剂量的γ射线辐照硼硅酸盐玻璃模拟天然放射性对固化体的辐照损伤。通过测量和分析辐照后硼硅酸盐玻璃的吸收光谱,证实了辐照后在玻璃中产生了E'缺陷,非桥氧空位色心、过氧自由基以及过桥氧联接等缺陷。此外,还得出了不同微观结构随吸收剂量的演化关系。对于辐照后产生的缺陷,它们的浓度都随吸收剂量的增加而增大。同时,发现玻璃在辐照后其吸收光谱的带隙随着剂量的增加而逐渐变窄;而当吸收剂量大于等于105 Gy时,玻璃的带隙则达到饱和值。Vitrification is one kind of silicates which is used for immobilization of high-level waste (HLW). As the first engineered barrier of HLW disposition, its anti-irradiation characteristic is particularly noticeable. Vitrification is replaced by borosilicate glass to investigate radiation effect, and the irradiation damage generated by natural radioactivity in vitrification is simulated by different doses gamma rays on borosilicate glass. By measuring and analyzing the absorption spectrum of irradiated borosilicate glasses, it is confirmed that E'defect, non-bridging oxygen hole center, peroxy dangling bond and bridge oxygen link, etc. are induced in borosilicate glass after irradiation. Furthermore, the relations between the defects and absorbed doses are shown. For the concentrations of these defects induced by irradiation, all of them increase with absorbed dose. Meanwhile, absorption band gap in borosilicate glass after irradiation decreases with absorbed dose and the band gap becomes saturated when absorbed dose is equal to or greater than 105 Gy. 相似文献
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The mass attenuation coefficient (μ
m) of 662 keV gamma rays have been measured in the extended media of bakelite and perspex under different collimation conditions.
The increase in attenuation coefficient is seen with increase in sample thickness as well as with collimator size due to the
contribution of multiple scattered photons in the uncollided beam of 662 keV gamma rays. 相似文献
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利用TRIM95蒙特卡罗软件计算了质子在二氧化硅中的质量阻止本领和能量沉积,比较了质子在二氧化硅中的电离阻止本领与核阻止本领,分析了质子在材料的表面吸收剂量与灵敏区实际吸收剂量的关系.利用60Co γ射线、1MeV电子和2—9 MeV质子对CC4007RH和CC4011器件进行辐照实验,比较60Co γ射线和带电粒子的电离辐射损伤情况.实验结果表明,60Co γ射线、1MeV 电子和2—7MeV质子辐照损伤效应中,在0V栅压下可以相互等效;
关键词:
γ射线
电子
质子
辐射损伤 相似文献
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The mass attenuation coefficients of some low-Z dosimetric materials with potential applications in dosimetry, medical and radiation protection have been investigated using the Monte Carlo simulation code Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP). Appreciable variations are noted for the mass attenuation coefficient by changing the photon energy. The MCNP-simulated parameters are compared with the experimental data wherever possible and theoretical values through the WinXcom program. The simulated results obtained by MCNP generally agree well with the experiment and WinXcom predictions for various low-Z dosimetric and tissue substitute materials. In addition, the mass attenuation coefficients around the k-edges for low-Z dosimetric materials estimated from the MCNP code agree very well with WinXcom prediction. Finally, the results indicate that this simulation process can be followed to determine the interaction parameters of gamma rays in such low-Z materials for which there are no satisfactory experimental values available. 相似文献
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《中国物理 B》2021,30(9):97804-097804
The absorption coefficient is usually considered as a constant for certain materials at the given wavelength. However,recent experiments demonstrated that the absorption coefficient could be enhanced a lot by the PN junction. The absorption coefficient varies with the thickness of the intrinsic layer in a PIN structure. Here, we interpret the anomalous absorption coefficient from the competition between recombination and drift for non-equilibrium carriers. Based on the Fokker–Planck theory, a non-equilibrium statistical model that describes the relationship between absorption coefficient and material thickness has been proposed. It could predict the experimental data well. Our results can give new ideas to design photoelectric devices. 相似文献
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为了制备ZnO释能电阻并研究Al掺杂浓度对ZnO释能电阻材料的影响,通过改进的制陶工艺制备了不同Al掺杂浓度的ZnO导电陶瓷。实验结果表明,Al掺杂浓度对ZnO释能电阻的导电性、能量密度和线性度均有较大的影响。Al的掺杂能较好地改善ZnO释能电阻的线性度,非线性系数可低至1.02;Al掺杂能很好地控制ZnO的电阻率,使其达到0.54 Ω·cm;Al掺杂还能较好地改善ZnO陶瓷的均匀性和密度,从而提高ZnO释能电阻的能量吸收密度,能量吸收密度高达720 J/cm3,较金属释能材料高出2~3倍。 相似文献