无稀释气立式氧碘化学激光器的设计与实验

 分析了氧碘化学激光器（COIL）在无稀释气条件下工作所带来的一系列问题和对其性能的影响，并提出了相应的解决方法，进而对COIL结构和相关参数进行了有针对性的设计和实验研究。在氯气流量为117.6 mmol/s时,平均输出功率2.25 kW，化学效率达到21.1%，比功率0.22 J/g；分别以氦气和氮气为稀释气，对COIL进行了参数和实验数据比较。     

用吸收光谱法测量COIL的水汽含量

 分析了利用吸收光谱法测量氧碘化学激光器的水汽含量的原理，在氯气流量为0.1 mol/s的N₂-COIL上进行了测试实验。实验结果显示，在常规工作条件下，由于BHP温度变化所引起的水汽百分含量变化仅为0.1%，可以忽略；水汽含量随稀释气体流量增大而增加，气体流速是引起水汽含量变化的主要原因，实验中应把氯气和氧气的比例控制在4∶1之内。     

稀释气对COIL输出功率的影响

 研究了稀释气进气位置、稀释比以及氮气、二氧化碳、氩气作为稀释气对kW级立式N₂-COIL输出功率的影响。结果表明：主稀释气从发生器进入,有利于输出功率的提高;从发生器出口进入,有利于激光器的稳定。采用不同的稀释气时,输出功率有很大的不同,但是随着稀释比的变化趋势几乎相同。以Ar作为稀释气可以降低超音速段的温度,提高小信号增益系数;据此优化设计激光器,可以提高激光器的输出功率和化学效率。以CO₂气体为稀释气的激光器在低温吸附方面却有着极大的吸引力。对于不同的实验目的和要求,应该选择不同的气体作为稀释气,充分利用气体自身的优势。     

连续波氧碘化学激光器的实验研究

通过实验,得到连续波氧碘化学激光器在氯气流量为50mmol/s时,输出功率达1kW。并测量了光束发散角,考查了光束发散角与功率及腔镜曲率半径的关系。     

以氮气为载气的千瓦级COIL的初步实验研究

 首次在氯气流量为110mmol/s、采用方列管型射流式O₂(¹Δ)发生器(SPJSOG)以及列阵式超音速氧碘混合喷管的COIL装置上，以氮气替代氦气作为载气进行出光实验研究。初步实验获得1.8kw的激光输出功率以及18%的化学效率。     

以氮气为载气的千瓦极COIL的初步实验研究

首次在氯气流量为110mmol/s、采用方列管型射流式O^2(^1△）发生器（SPJSOG）以及列阵式超音速氧碘混合喷管的COIL装置上，以氮气替代拟气作为载气进行出光实验研究。初步实验获得1.8kW的激光输出功率以及18％的化学效率。     

利用混合载气提高COIL化学效率

 为进一步提高氧碘化学激光器效率,提出一种不改变激光器结构,仅变换主副载气的方法。在增益区长度为11.7 cm的激光器上进行实验,以N₂, Ar和CO₂做为氧碘化学激光器的主载气或副载气,对激光器的输出功率和化学效率进行了研究。实验结果表明,平均分子质量改变对主副气流的混合是有利的,因而可以提高激光器的输出效率。当N₂为主载气,Ar为副载气时,激光器输出功率和化学效率最高,分别达到3.09 kW,30.2%。     

以氮气为载气COIL的设计与实验

 根据以氮气为载气的特殊要求，对kW级氧碘化学激光器（COIL）装置的结构进行了有针对性的设计和实验研究。在氯气流量为140mol/s的情况下, 获得了2.6kW的功率, 相应的化学效率为20.4%, 喷管出口能流密度达到了74W/cm²。这一结果达到了以氦气为载气COIL的水平。     

方列管型射流式O2(1Δ)发生器的COIL出光研究

 方列管型射流式O₂(¹Δ)发生器是一种新型高效的氧碘化学激光器(COIL)化学能源供给装置。描述了采用该发生器在COIL上所做的一系列出光实验,这些实验着重于考察该发生器的性能参数及相应的COIL化学效率。结果在Cl₂流量为0.25mol/s、无冷阱、稳定腔条件下获得化学效率高达26% 。     

碘气流穿透深度和碘流量对COIL激光输出功率的影响

 通过采用Cl₂流量250mmol/s列管射流式氧发生器的COIL出光实验，得到了激光输出功率随碘副气流相对于氧主气流混合穿透深度的变化规律。实验结果表明，穿透深度对激光功率影响较大，存在最佳穿透深度，约为3.16mm,计算的最佳穿透深度与实验得到的最佳穿透深度基本一致。通过逐步改变供碘系统的碘气流流量，测量激光的输出功率，在实验上证实并找到了COIL的最佳碘流量值，约为4.5mmol/s，这一结果比以往文献所登载的最佳碘流量值要确切。     

p-τ值对COIL的影响的实验研究

 实验研究了单重态氧发生器（SOG）的p-τ值，即初始氯气分压与停留时间的乘积，对化学氧碘激光器（COIL）的影响，并分析了诸多实验因素对SOG的p-τ值的影响。对于提高COIL的化学效率具有很重要的实际意义。     

Submillimeter-wave harmonic gyrotron experiment

A theoretical and experimental investigation of the operation of a harmonic gyrotron at submillimeter wavelengths is reported. Using a waveguide cavity with an iris at the output end of the straight section, 14 different second-harmonic modes were observed with frequencies of 301-503 GHz, output powers of 1-22 kW, and a 12-MHz emission frequency bandwidth. The highest output power was 22 kW, with a total efficiency of 3.5% at 467 GHz, and an output power of 15 kW with a 6% efficiency was obtained at 417 GHz. Research was conducted using a 65-75 kV up to 10-A electron gun with a 1/1.5-μs pulse length and a 4-Hz repetition rate, which produced a helical electron beam in magnetic fields of up to 14 T. These results represent the first operation of a high-power harmonic gyrotron in the submillimeter region     

High power repetitive TEA CO2 pulsed laser

A high power repetitive spark-pin UV-preionized TEA CO₂ laser system is presented. The discharge for generating laser pulses is controlled by a rotary spark switch and a high voltage pulsed trigger. Uniform glow discharge between two symmetrical Chang-electrodes is realized by using an auto-inversion circuit. A couple of high power axial-flow fans with the maximum wind speed of 80 m/s are used for gas exchange between the electrodes. At a repetitive operation, the maximum average output laser power of 10.4 kW 10.6 ??m laser is obtained at 300 Hz, with an electro-optical conversion efficiency of 15.6%. At single pulsed operation, more pumping energy and higher gases pressures can be injected, and the maximum output laser energy of 53 J is achieved.     

A Chemosorption Vacuum Pump for a Chemical Oxygen Iodine Laser with CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> Buffer Gases

We present the design and investigation of a novel chemosorption vacuum pump (CSVP) for discharging the exhaust gases of a chemical oxygen-iodine laser system diluted with carbon dioxide (CO₂-COIL). The CSVP comprises two fixed-bed reactors separately filled with CO₂/H₂O and O₂/I₂/Cl₂ adsorbents, which can efficiently chemically absorb the CO₂-COIL exhaust gases at room or higher temperature. We consider the effects of the adsorbents in different specifications and fixed beds of various constructions on the adsorption performance of the CSVP. We develop and study the sealed CO₂-COIL system with the CSVP. We achieve a stable operation with a cumulative duration time of 40 s for four runs and an average output power up to 2.0 kW at a Cl₂ flow rate of ～158 mmol/s and a CO₂ flow rate of 132 mmol/s. The experimental results indicate that the COIL system with the CSVP performs similarly to a conventional COIL with a vacuum tank. Taking into account that the CSVP is free of vibration and noise, avoids air pollution, is easily operated, and has a short preparation time, we believe that the chemosorption vacuum pump is an excellent alternative pump system for a transportable COIL system.