联合变换实现子波变换的理论分析

首次提出联合变换相关的概念,把Ｈａａｒ子波和Ｒｏｂｅｒｔｓ滤波器分别与目标图像一起作为联合图像,实现对目标图像的子波变换,提取出目标的角、边及边沿增强等特征,并设计了一套由计算机控制的光学联合子波变换系统,可实现对目标“真实”的光学子波变换,还给出了数值模拟结果。     

空间域和空间频率域中的对称变换

引入了一类新的积分变换,即对称变换.这类变换在空间域和空间频率域中实现的变换操作是相同的.换句话说,如果一个积分变换器对信号本身及其Fourier频谱作相同的变换操作,那么这种变换即为对称变换.给出了对称变换的成立条件,即当积分变换核是所谓的类自Fourier变换函数时,此变换即为对称变换.并提出了类自Fourier变换函数的一种构造方式.同时还指出,光学中的分数Fourier变换即是一种对称变换.     

关于普遍的洛伦兹变换式的推导

本文给出两个坐示轴彼此平行的惯性系沿任意方向相对运动时的一般性洛伦兹坐标变换关系。     

傅里叶变换、拉普拉斯变换和伽博变换的关系

傅里叶变换、拉普拉斯变换和伽博变换,作为三种常见的积分变换,无论在数学物理的理论研究中还是在各种工程应用中,都有着极重要的价值.本文以傅里叶变换为中心,从逐级修正的角度,详细阐明了三者的理论渊源.     

空间域和空间频率域中的对称变换

引入了一类新的积分变换,即对称变换。这类变换在空间域和空间频率域中实现的变换操作是相同的。换句话说,如果一个积分变换器对信号本身及其Fourier频谱作相同的变换操作,那么这种变换即为对称变换。给出了对称变换的成立条件,即当积分变换核是所谓的类自Fourier变换函数时,此变换即为对称变换。并提出了类自Fourier变换函数的一种构造方式。同时还指出,光学中的分数Fourier变换即是一种对称变换。     

基于快速傅里叶变换和汉克耳变换的逆阿贝尔变换

激光等离子体实验中的轴对称的Ｘ光的体发射强度及光学全息干涉的测量,需要采用逆阿贝尔（Ａｂｅｌ）变换。用快速傅里叶变换（ＦＦＴ）和汉克耳（Ｈａｎｋｅｌ）变换的算法数值求解逆阿贝尔变换,具有精度高、可在频域内滤波的特点。     

傅里叶变换的局限性及其改进方法

从对傅里叶变换的局限性分析入手 ,揭示了窗口傅里叶变换、小波变换和分数傅里叶变换的出现是傅里叶变换本身发展的必然 ,阐明了其改进方法产生的原因及其优缺点 ,分析了其改进方法与傅里叶变化的关系 ,这些有助于加深对傅里叶变换的认识。     

形态变换在模式识别中的应用

首先讨论数学形态学中的击中与否变换应用于模式识别，然后对击中与否变换进行改进，并应用于多目标识别（探测）系统，增加了识别（探测）的容错性。结果表明，只要结构元素选取得当，这种方法是可行的。     

温度的相对论变换

同长度一样,热力学系统的内能增量和绝对温度也是洛仑兹收缩的,本文用相对论与势 方法导出了这些变换关系。     

Self-organization of five species in a cyclic competition game

Cyclic competition game models, particularly the “rock–paper–scissors” model, play important roles in exploring the problem of multi-species coexistence in spatially ecological systems. We propose an extended “rock–paper–scissors” game to model cyclic interactions among five species, and find that two of the five can coexistent when biodiversity disappears, which is different from the “rock–paper–scissors” game. As the number of fingers is five, we named the new model the “fingers” game, where the thumb, forefinger, middle finger, ring finger, and little finger cyclically dominate their subsequent species and are dominated by their former species. We investigate the “fingers” model in two ways: direct simulations and nonlinear partial differential equations. An important finding is that the number of species in a cyclic competition game has an influence on the emergence of biodiversity. To be specific, the “rock–paper–scissors” model is in favor of maintaining biodiversity in comparison with the “fingers” model when the variables (population size, reproduction rate, selection rate, and migration rate) are the same. It is also shown that the mobility and reproduction rate can promote or jeopardize biodiversity.     

Contrastive analysis on tone between Putonghua and Taiwan Mandarin

The differences of the pitch and duration of Chinese syllables between Putonghua （PTH） and Taiwan Mandarin （TM） were studied. The speech materials to be used are not only isolated syllables, but also sentences. The results reveal that： For the isolated syllables, T1 and T2 in TM are influenced by Minnan dialect, therefore their pitch are lower than those in PTH. T3 is fall-rise in PTH, while it is fall in TM. Moreover, the syllable duration sequence for different tone is T3〉T2〉T1〉T4 in PTH, while it is T1〉T2〉T3〉T4 in TM. For the syllables in sentences, T2 is mid-rise in PTH, while it is mid-level in TM. And the T3 is longer than T4 but shorter than T1 or T2 in PTH, while it is the shortest in TM. Furthermore the effects of prosodic phrase boundary on duration for different tones are almost the same in PTH, but the lengthening part of T1 or T2 is longer than that of T3 or T4 in TM.     

Experimental study on downstep in Chinese intonation

Downstep in pitch contour of Chinese Putonghua is examined using subtly designed sentences by controlling tone combinations. The results show both automatic and nonautomatic downstep phenomena exist in Chinese. In non-automatic downstep, low tones compress downwards the pitch range of the following syllables. and the main influence of downstep is on topline. Low tone not only lower the topline behind it, but also raise the high tones before it, the effects are compatible with each other. In automatic downstep, the topline of pitch contour in intonational phrase is presented as a linear downtrend, but it differs among speakers due to the effect of personal stress practice. In comparison with downstep phenomenon in other tone or non-tone languages, the downstep ratio in Chinese is not constant, and the domain of downstep is not limited within the adjacent tones.     

Abelian-Higgs phase of SU(2) QCD and glueball energy

It is shown that SU(2) QCD admits an dual Abelian-Higgs phase, with a Higgs vacuum of a type-Ⅱ superconductor. This is done by using a connection decomposition for the gluon field and the random-direction approximation. Using a bag picture with soft wall, we presented a calculational procedure for the glueball energy based on the recent proof for wall-vortices [Nucl. Phys. B 741(2006)1].     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Signal generation in an isotropic medium in scanning electron acoustic microscope

Based on the research in Ref. [5][Materials Science and Engineering, 1989; A122： 57 63], an improved model of heat source is set up, the different modes of Lamb wave in an isotropic sample generated by a chopped electron beam at frequency f are obtained with integral transform and normal function expansion method, and the output signal of PZT coupled at the back surface of the sample is found out. The generation mechanism of SEAM （Scanning Electron Acoustic Microscopy） signal is discussed. It shows that the SEAM is a near field imaging technique with high spatial resolution and its best lateral spatial resolution is about 2√2α （α is the radius of the focused electron beam）. Some of experimental results of SEAM images are presented in the paper and it shows that the spatial resolution of SEAM is better than 0.5 μm and smaller than the thermal diffusion length of the sample. Therefore the character of near field imaging in SEAM is also proved experimentally.     

High efficiency filtering using two-dimensional photonic crystal coupled cavity structures

Transmission spectra of coupled cavity structures (CCSs) in two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals (PCs) are investigated using a coupled mode theory, and an optical filter based on CCS is proposed. The performance of the filter is investigated using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, and the results show that within a very short coupling distance of about 3λ, where λ is the wavelength of signal in vacuum, the incident signals with different frequencies are separated into different channels with a contrast ratio of 20 dB. The advantages of this kind of filter are small size and easily tunable operation frequencies.