跨声速流函数方程强隐式解及确定密度场的新方案

基于人工可压缩性对密度的修正,本文用强隐式格式快速求解了非正交曲线坐标系下跨声速流函数方程;在流函数场解出后,通过求解一个由动量方程、能量方程和连续方程组合而成的关于密度的一阶偏微分方程来获得密度场,因此流函数解法中常遇到的密度双值问题在这里已不存在;通常所讲的完成流函数场{Ψ}与密度场{ρ}间的迭代在本文便体现在流函数主方程与这个新推出的一阶微分方程间的迭代计算上;几个典型算例表明了本方法的有效性。     

叶轮机械三元跨声速势流多重网格分解因式格式数值解

基于作者本人发展的用于分析求解叶轮机械三元跨声速势流的AF2格式,并结合Jameson发展的用于求解二元跨声速势流的MAD格式,本文提出了一种用于快速求解叶轮机械三元跨声速势流的新的全隐式多重网格分解因式格式(MAF格式)并用其对西德DFVLR单级轴流式压气机转子三元跨声速流场进行了求解计算。     

S_1流面跨声流场流函数矩阵解

跨声速叶栅流的计算,可采用时间相关法求解Euler方程,或用松弛方法求解势函数方程和流函数方程。一般说来,时间相关法耗费机时较多,势函数方法仅对无旋流适用。流函数方法适用于二元有旋流的计算,并且边界条件也较为简单,可方便地进行S_1和S_2两类流面迭代得到三元解。流函数方法的跨声计算最大的困难是密度双值问题     

多介质流界面高精度自适应欧拉算法

采用欧拉网格自适应算法捕捉多介质流界面,获得了高精度界面特征,对不同物质引入不同位标函数跟踪界面运动,将位标函数方程与流体动力学方程非耦合求解,在笛卡尔坐标系中运用二阶精度有限体积算法,在保持流场守恒条件下,采用多层网格级对笛卡尔网格嵌套细化,实现了多介质流物质界面的高精度自适应跟踪.方法逻辑简单,大大节省了CPU时间,且能够对局部参数急剧变化的流场(如激波)进行自适应跟踪.     

使用非正交曲线坐标与非正交速度分量的跨声速S_2流面势函数方程人工可压缩性迭代解

本文推导建立了适于求解跨声速轴流式压气机转子中S_2流面正问题的全守恒型势函数方程,方程的求解采用人工密度的方法和一种新的Φ-ρ(Γ)迭代方法,能在S_2流面上自动捕获激波.用本方法编制的计算机程序对西德DFVLR单级跨声速轴流式压气机转子的一个最高效率点实验工况进行了验算,并将计算结果与实验结果作了比较。     

跨流域高超声速绕流环境Boltzmann模型方程统一算法研究

如何准确可靠地模拟从外层空间高稀薄流到近地面连续流的航天器高超声速绕流环境与复杂流动变化机理是流体物理的前沿基础科学问题. 基于对Boltzmann方程碰撞积分的物理分析与可计算建模, 确立了可描述自由分子流到连续流区各流域不同马赫数复杂流动输运现象统一的Boltzmann模型速度分布函数方程, 发展了适于高、低不同马赫数绕流问题的离散速度坐标法和直接求解分子速度分布函数演化更新的气体动理论数值格式, 建立了模拟复杂飞行器跨流域高超声速飞行热环境绕流问题的气体动理论统一算法. 对稀薄流到连续流不同Knudsen数0.002 ≤Kn_∞ ≤1.618、不同马赫数下可重复使用卫星体再入过程(110–70 km)中高超声速绕流问题进行算法验证分析, 计算结果与典型文献的Monte Carlo直接模拟值及相关理论分析符合得较好. 研究揭示了飞行器跨流域不同高度高超声速复杂流动机理、绕流现象与气动力/热变化规律, 提出了一个通过数值求解介观Boltzmann模型方程, 可靠模拟高稀薄自由分子流到连续流跨流域高超声速气动力/热绕流特性统一算法.     

三维不可压N-S方程的多重网格求解

应用全近似存储(Full Approximation Storage,FAS)多重网格法和人工压缩性方法求解了三维不可压Navi-er-Stokes方程.在解粗网格差分方程时,对Neumann边界条件采用增量形式进行更新,离散方程用对角化形式的近似隐式因子分解格式求解,其中空间无粘项分别用MUSCL格式和对称TVD格式进行离散.对90°弯曲的方截面管道流动和4:1椭球体层流绕流的数值模拟表明,多重网格的计算时间比单重网格节省一半以上,且无限制函数的MUSCL格式比TVD格式对流动结构有更好的分辨能力.     

二维不可压流函数N-S方程的多重网格方法

通过对二维不可压缩N-S方程的涡量-流函数方程组消去涡量而得到仅以流函数为求解变量的控制方程,从而 使不可压N-S方程的求解个数减到最少。求解方法采用本文提出的二阶精度的九节点紧致差分格式,因此无须对靠近边 界的网格点作特殊处理。为了加快迭代收敛速度,采用多重网格加速技术。数值实验结果验证了方法的精确性和可靠性。     

子母弹多体分离过程的非定常CFD/RBD数值仿真

为研究子母弹在抛撒时的干扰流场特性,选取多舱段子母弹为计算模型,基于课题组自主开发的非结构混合网格Reynolds平均Navier-Stokes方程求解程序HUNS3D,结合非结构嵌套网格技术,耦合六自由度刚体运动学方程,使用了改进的4阶Adams预估-校正法求解六自由度刚体运动方程.利用跨声速下典型外挂物分离作为验证算例,仿真结果与实验结果高度拟合,验证了求解器的精度.对锁定母弹自由度和释放母弹的自由度两种计算状态进行数值模拟.仿真结果表明:由于激波干涉作用,子弹与母弹之间有较强的耦合作用;释放母弹自由度后,子弹的气动力参数发生了较大变化.      

非正交曲线坐标S_1流面流函数反问题松弛计算

本文在文献[1—3]工作的基础上,从叶轮机械S_1流面反问题提法之一(给定叶栅吸力面速度分布及叶片厚度分布求解叶型坐标)出发,推导了流函数反问题主方程及有限差分方程.这方程是以计算网格坐标为主变量的二阶偏微分形式的动量方程,解决了文献[4—7]所未能解决的使用有旋的运动方程求解的问题.此方程与有旋的S_2流面流函数方程的一致性保证了叶轮机械三元求解的收敛性.进一步完善了叶轮机械使用两类流面的三元流设计方法.编制了计算机程序对典型的叶型作了计算例子,结果是理想的.     

跨音速单转子压气机气动设计的优化

本文发展了一种提高跨音压气机效率的优化设计方法。该方法由快速叶片造型和网格生成、三维NS方程求解器和优化方法三部分组成。以绝热效率为设计目标,只选择两个参数-最大弯度和最大厚度相对位置沿叶高的分布为优化参数,成功设计了一个跨音单转子压气机。在此基础上,进一步考察了叶片端布周向弯曲对跨音单转子压气机性能的影响。     

间断Galerkin方法求解跨音压气机转子流场

本文采用间断Galerkin方法求解雷诺平均N-S方程和SA湍流模型方程,采用Roe格式计算无黏通量,混合格式求解黏性通量中的梯度。为防止跨音速流场计算中的数值振荡,采用了TVD限制器和正性修正。计算了跨音速转子NASA Rotor37在设计转速下的变工况流场,得到了与实验吻合良好的结果,表明DG方法在叶轮机械内部流动计算中具有广阔的应用前景。     

由两个风扇转子设计得到的启示

本文对两个风扇转子设计进行了总结,从设计过程突破问题的关键以及流动的组织方面看,得到了几点有益启示,值得在新型叶轮机设计及有关问题研究中引以借鉴。     

Padé–Legendre approximants for uncertainty analysis with discontinuous response surfaces

A novel uncertainty propagation method for problems characterized by highly non-linear or discontinuous system responses is presented. The approach is based on a Padé–Legendre (PL) formalism which does not require modifications to existing computational tools (non-intrusive approach) and it is a global method. The paper presents a novel PL method for problems in multiple dimensions, which is non-trivial in the Padé literature. In addition, a filtering procedure is developed in order to minimize the errors introduced in the approximation close to the discontinuities. The numerical examples include fluid dynamic problems characterized by shock waves: a simple dual throat nozzle problem with uncertain initial state, and the turbulent transonic flow over a transonic airfoil where the flight conditions are assumed to be uncertain. Results are presented in terms of statistics of both shock position and strength and are compared to Monte Carlo simulations.     

复杂全机外形跨音速绕流欧拉方程数值计算

发展了一种快速抛物型方程贴体及与边界正交网格生成技术。生成了某歼击机全机真实外形三维O-C型计算网格,并应用于跨音速流场欧拉方程数值计算。成功地模拟了绕全机的复杂流场。计算压力分布与实验吻合良好。     

Numerical study on the correlation of transonic single-degree-of-freedom flutter and buffet

Transonic single-degree-of-freedom(SDOF) flutter and transonic buffet are the typical and complex aeroelastic phenomena in the transonic flow. In this study, transonic aeroelastic issues of an elastic airfoil are investigated using Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes(URANS) equations. The airfoil is free to vibrate in SDOF of pitching. It is found that, the coupling system may be unstable and SDOF self-excited pitching oscillations occur in pre-buffet flow condition, where the free-stream angle of attack(AOA) is lower than the buffet onset of a stationary airfoil. In the theory of classical aeroelasticity, this unstable phenomenon is defined as flutter. However, this transonic SDOF flutter is closely related to transonic buffet(unstable aerodynamic models) due to the following reasons. Firstly, the SDOF flutter occurs only when the free-stream AOA of the spring suspended airfoil is slightly lower than that of buffet onset, and the ratio of the structural characteristic frequency to the buffet frequency is within a limited range. Secondly, the response characteristics show a high correlation between the SDOF flutter and buffet. A similar "lock-in" phenomenon exists, when the coupling frequency follows the structural characteristic frequency. Finally, there is no sudden change of the response characteristics in the vicinity of buffet onset, that is, the curve of response amplitude with the free-stream AOA is nearly smooth. Therefore, transonic SDOF flutter is often interwoven with transonic buffet and shows some complex characteristics of response, which is different from the traditional flutter.     

多级风扇/压气机三维粘性流场的数值分析

采用叶排间掺混面模型,研究了多级跨音速风扇及压气机三维粘性流动数值模拟问题,利用ＬＵ－ＳＧＳ隐式算法使计算过程快速收敛,通过高分辨率格式改善跨音速流场中激波的分辨率。对某双级跨音速风扇及五级压气机流场进行了计算,双级风扇各状态的计算结果与实验数据吻合较好。     

Transonic region formation at the thermal and gas-dynamic action on a supersonic duct flow

The control simultaneous action of a jet and near-wall energy sources on the shockwave structure of a superso-nic flow in the axisymmetric and planar ducts is studied for the purpose of creating a transonic region. The regimes with an extended transonic region are obtained.     

Fate of an accretion disc around a black hole when both the viscosity and dark energy is in effect

This paper deals with the viscous accretion flow of a modified Chaplygin gas towards a black hole as the central gravitating object. A modified Chaplygin gas is a particular type of dark energy model which mimics of radiation era to phantom era depending on the different values of its parameters. We compare the dark energy accretion with the flow of adiabatic gas. An accretion disc flowing around a black hole is an example of a transonic flow. To construct the model, we consider three components of the Navier–Stokes equation, the equation of continuity and the modified Chaplygin gas equation of state. As a transonic flow passes through the sonic point, the velocity gradient being apparently singular there, it gives rise to two flow branches: one in-falling, the accretion and the other outgoing, the wind. We show that the wind curve is stronger and the wind speed reaches that of light at a finite distance from the black hole when dark energy is considered. Besides, if we increase the viscosity, the accretion disc is shortened in radius. These two processes acting together make the system deviate much from the adiabatic accretion case. It shows a weakening process for the accretion procedure by the work of the viscous system influencing both the angular momentum transport and the repulsive force of the modified Chaplygin gas.     

Interaction of Transonic Edge Dislocations with Self-interstitial Loop

The interaction of transonic edge dislocations with a sessile self-interstitial dislocation loop (SIL) in BCC tungsten is investigated using atomistic Molecular Dynamics method. The moving velocity of the transonic edge dislocations is higher than the transverse sound wave velocity. It was found that SIL has a strong pinning effect to the moving edge dislocations. The SIL was eventually annihilated through forming jogs on the moving edge dislocations. A transonic edge dislocation can be stopped by SIL at the pinning point, and then the resulting jogs could move above the sound barrier afterwards under high shear.