ICP-AES测定铜电解液中的Fe、Ni、Pb、Bi、Sb、Zn和As

利用ICP-AES分析技术,通过对样品处理、元素分析谱线、酸度等因素进行试验研究,综合确定了分析条件,对铜电解液中杂质元素（Fe、Ni、Pb、Bi、Sb、Zn、As）进行了ICP-AES测定。结果表明,ICP-AES测定铜电解液中Fe、Ni、Pb、Bi、Sb、Zn和As,可以满足铜电解生产的需要,为高纯阴极铜的生产起了指导作用。     

ICP－AES法测定人体血清中的Al、Be、Cu、Mn、Mo、V

建立了用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ同时测定人体血清中的Ａｌ、Ｂｅ、Ｃｕ、Ｍｎ、Ｍｏ、Ｖ等六种元素的方法。在我们的设备上，检出限对Ａｌ、Ｃｕ、Ｍｏ为１～３μｍｏｌ／Ｌ，而对Ｂｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｖ为０．１～０．３μｍｏｌ／Ｌ。这六种元素的回收率在１００±２０％之间。     

ICP-AES同时测定固体废物浸出液中钡、铍、镉、铬、铜、镍、铅和锌

采用醋酸缓冲溶液对固体废物样品进行浸提,经硝酸-盐酸消解后,ICP-AES测定消解液中的钡,铍,镉,铬,铜,镍,铅和锌。本方法具有检出限低、再现性好、分析效率高等优点,适用于固体废物浸出毒性的测定。     

碰撞池ICP-MS测定大米中Ca、Mn、Fe、Cu、Ni、As、Se、Sr、Cd、Ba和Hg的研究

建立碰撞池ICP-MS测定大米中Ca、Mn、Fe、Cu、Ni、As、Se、Sr、Cd、Ba和Hg的分析方法。采用微波消解方法消解样品后直接进行ICP-MS分析,并采用碰撞池技术消除质谱干扰,混合内标溶液校正基体干扰和漂移。方法的精密度均小于5%,回收率为85%—113%,并对标准物质（大米）GBW 10010GSB-1进行方法验证,获得较满意的结果。本法快速、简单,能满足大米中常量、微量、痕量金属元素同时测定的分析需求。     

全谱火焰光度法检测硫、磷、氮、砷、氯元素

火焰光度分析技术是一种能够快速灵敏检测硫、磷等元素的成熟方法。在环境检测,农残检测,工农业生产领域得到广泛应用。通过对传统火焰光度检测器的改进设计,采用光栅和CCD传感器阵列作为检测器的光电转换器件,拓展了检测化合物的种类,成功实现了对H2S,PH3,NH3,AsH3,Cl2为代表的硫、磷、氮、砷、氯五种元素的实时检测。由原来依靠特征波长检测拓展到利用物质火焰光度光谱信息进行定性定量分析。结合化学计量学的方法有望成为一种能够同时检测多类有毒有害气体的快速现场检测技术。     

内标－脉冲雾化ICP－AES测定微量体液中的Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn、P、Mn、Cu、Pb、Sr

采用内标－脉冲雾化进样法，建立了微量体液的ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ分析方法。对内标的选择，分析信号与进样量的关系和分析标准曲线等方面进行了研究，测定了微量体液样品中的Ｃａ、Ｍｇ、Ｆｅ、Ｚｎ、Ｐ、Ｍｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｐｂ、Ｓｒ等元素的含量，获得了较满意的结果。     

电火花-直读光谱法测定纯铝薄板中的Fe、Si、Cu、Mn、Mg、Ti、Zn

本文选用加电感低能放电火花光源，解决了纯铝薄板易击穿的难题，优化了激发条件，并研究了表面氧化层和光洁度对测定结果的影响，建立了一套直接测定厚度０．２０ｍｍ以上纯铝薄板中各元素的分析方法。考核及对照分析实验表明，各元素的ＲＳＤ及相对偏差良好。     

20世纪科技发展的一、二、三、四

 20世纪已落下了帷幕,回眸100年,人类在科学发展的道路上经历了艰苦卓绝的探索研究和奋斗,以自己的理性和智慧创造出了前所未有的辉煌,科学和技术在各方面取得了惊人的成果。“一台电脑”带来信息化时代“两大理论”从根本上改变了人类对世界的认识以“三大工程”为代表的高新技术,显示了科学对人类生活世界的重新改造和塑造的能力“四大模型”是以物理学革命为先导的理论自然科学的主要成就,使人类对宇宙和生命的认识更加深化。科学给人类带来物质文明和精神文明,开创了一个新时代。     

真值、随机误差、系统误差的新定义

我国计量技术规范《JJF1001—1998通用计量术语及定义》对真值、随机误差和系统误差给予了新的定义,对过去的定义作了原则上的改变.本文对新定义的科学性和合理性进行了讨论,并建议在大学物理实验教学和教材中采用.     

铝合金中Si、Mg、Fe、Zn、Mn、Cu的激光显微光谱分析

本文介绍了用铝合金中主要元素铝作内标,对Si、Mg、Fe、Zn、Mn、Cu作定量分析的方法。考察了激光取样、辅助火花放电电压、电极尖端距离等条件变化时对分析结果的影响。试验结果表明,用铸造法配制的铝合金标样是可行的,方法的相对误差在14%以内,相对标准偏差小于10%。     

Raman spectra of CuGaS2-x Se x (x=0, 0.5, 1.0)

Summary Raman spectra on the CuGaS_2-x Se _x system (x=0, 0.5, 1.0) are described for the first time. The observed structures are assigned on the basis of the analogies with binary solid solutions. The broadening of theA ₁ sulphur mode seems to indicate the effect of substitutional disorder. Paper presented at the ?V. International Conference on Ternary and Multinary Compounds?, held in Cagliari, September 14–16, 1982.     

Preparation and Raman spectroscopy of Zn x Cd1−x In2S4 mixed cation layered compounds

Summary We report on the growth and the structural and dynamical analysis of the layered phases which are formed in Zn _x Cd_1−x In₂S₄ quaternary mixed compounds. The experiments show that two polytypic phases are formed. Paper presented at the ?V International Conference on Ternary and Multinary Compounds?, held in Cagliari, September 14–16, 1982.     

Raman scattering studies of sodalite for crystal structure and coloration mechanism

Summary Group-theoretical study of the vibrational modes of chlorosodalite [Na₄Al₃(SiO₄)₃]₂ has been carried out for theT _d ¹ space group. The Raman-active modes are evaluated and comparison is made with the experimental results on sodalite. It is shown that the experimental Raman spectrum does not support the structure of sodalite to beT _d ¹ but confirms it to beT _d ¹ . Raman scattering studies were performed on X-ray irradiated As-grown single crystal of chloro-sodalite to identify the coloration mechanism. Enhancement of oxygen twisting and stretching mode intensities on X-ray irradiation indicates the formation of neutral sodium colloidal aggregate during the coloration process. The authors of this paper have agreed to not receive the proofs for correction.     

Developments of solid-state spectroscopy in Pavia: from first steps to newest achievements

Summary In this paper some significant aspects of the evolution of solid-state spectroscopy in Pavia are briefly reviewed in their basic lines starting from the '50s. As an example of historical trends and scientific developments, the authors describe and discuss two experiments on low-dimensional systems which, over a period of nearly three decades, represent a coherent approach to spectroscopic disciplines. In honour of Prof. Fausto Fumi on the occasion of his retirement from teaching.     

ROSETTA and FIRST: Two cornerstone missions of ESA long-term space science programme

Summary The paper reviews the objectives and status of definition of ROSETTA (Comet Nucleus Sample Return) and FIRST (Far Infrared Space Telescope), which are two cornerstone missions of the ESA long-term scientific programme. ROSETTA is a joint ESA/NASA programme and it will address problems centered on the origin of planetary material and the pre-biotic evolution of organic matter. The ROSETTA spacecraft will be launched in 2001; it will land into the nucleus of comet Churyumov-Gerasimenko, take about 10 kg of cometary samples (ice, dust, organics) and will return the Earth in 2008. FIRST will explore the 10 μm to 1 mm region of the electromagnetic spectrum, where a large number of very important atomic and molecular spectral lines are hosted. The major scientific objectives are the physics of the interstellar medium of the star formation and cosmological studies. The mission is based on a 4.5 to 8 m telescope equipped with imaging spectrometers and operating as a near-real-time observatory from a high elliptical orbit of 24 h period. Low operating temperatures for the payload will be achieved by using a combination of mechanical coolers and a liquid helium cryostat. To speed up publication, the proofs were not sent to the authors and were supervised by the Scientific Committee.     

Raman scattering in defect chalcopyrite crystals

Summary Raman-scattering measurements on the defect chalcopyrite compounds CdGa₂Se₄, CdGa₂S₄, ZnGa₂S₄ are reported. The phonon picture is consistent with the space group. A comparison between corresponding phonons suggests a simple model for the vibrational dynamics. Preliminary Raman results in the mixed compound Cd _x Zn_1−x Ga₂S₄ and in resonance conditions in CdGa₂Se₄ are presented. Paper presented at the ?V International Conference on Ternary and Multinary Compounds?, held in Cagliari, September 14–16, 1982.     

Second-order Raman scattering and infra-red absorption in SnS2

Summary The second-order Raman scattering and infra-red absorption spectra of 2H−SnS₂ are reported. The temperature, excitation wavelength and polarization dependences of Raman spectra are studied; resonance effects are put in evidence. The assignment of the second-order bands is discussed on the basis of the appliable selection rules. The role of phonons of high symmetry points different from Γ in second-order spectra is also taken into account. Work partially supported by M.P.I.     

The atmosphere of Titan and the Huygens atmospheric structure instrument

Summary The Huygens Atmospheric Structure Instrument (HASI) is a multisensor package which has been designed to measure the physical quantities characterizing the atmosphere of Titan. After a short summary of the available information on Titan's atmosphere, the HASI is described as well as its capabilities to improve our knowledge of the larger Saturnian satellite. Paper presented at the V Cosmic Physics National Conference, S. Miniato, November 27–30, 1990.     

基于数字与模拟采集同步测控技术的研究

当前数字化闭环控制航天伺服系统测试时采用一种基于1553B总线控制和A/D模拟采集的测控系统设备,当进行动态特性测试时,1553B与A/D间的启动延迟导致测试结果的精度不准确。为了消除数模混合控制系统下启动零点误差对伺服系统动态特性的影响,对启动零点误差来源进行了分析,在伺服系统1553B总线架构数字化闭环控制的基础上,采用基于PXI硬件平台的数字与模拟采集启动零点同步技术,解决了由于启动同步时间差导致伺服系统动态特性数据处理结果跳变的问题,大大提高了伺服测控系统的测试精度。     

The hydrogen molecule in an arbitrarily oriented magnetic field

Summary The modifications induced by a magnetic field of arbitrary direction and intermediate strength (i.e not larger than 2.35·10⁵ tesla, the ?atomic tesla?) on the lowest singlet and triplet energy states of the hydrogen molecule are studied. Using a linear combination of products of field-modified atomic orbitals, it is found that increasing the field strength the depth of the singlet energy well increases and the equilibrium internuclear distance decreases, yielding more rigid and localized nuclear vibrations. For sufficiently strong fields perpendicular to the internuclear axis, the triplet state exhibits a bonding behaviour. An explanation of the above results is given in terms of the field-modified electronic-charge distributions in the internuclear region. Based on the thesis submitted by S. Basile to the University of Palermo for graduation in Physics.