丰中子核145,147La的八极形变

通过对²⁵²Cf自发裂变产生的瞬发γ谱的实验研究,建立与扩展了丰中子核^145,147La的高自旋态能级图,最高自旋态达到(41/2⁺)与(43/2^－).测得的交叉相联的相反宇称带及带间的强化E1跃迁说明在^145,147La中形成强的八极形变.对¹⁴⁵La的研究表明,具有轴对称形状的四极形变与具有反演不对称形状的八极形变在同一核中产生共存与竞争.在πh_11/2带中观测到的带交叉位于ω≈0.26—0.30MeV附近,由推转壳模型计算表明,它是由一对i_13/2中子的顺排所引起的.     

弱形变双奇核158Tm中的旋称反转

通过融合蒸发反应¹⁴⁴Nd(¹⁹F,5n)布居了双奇核¹⁵⁸Tm的高自旋态. 扩展了原来已知的带结构, 并建立了一条新转动带. 通过与相邻核的比较, 讨论¹⁵⁸Tm核中两条四准粒子带的内禀组态, 并分别指定为πh_11/2\otimes νh_9/2(α=+1/2)\otimes (νi_13/2)²和πh_11/2\otimes νh_9/2(α=－1/2)\otimes (νi_13/2)² 组态. 建立在πh_11/2\otimes νi_13/2组态上的转动带被观测到呈现持续旋称反转现象, 而前述的两条高自旋区的 四准粒子转动带也呈旋称反转. 对这两种类型的旋称反转现象的可能机制进行了简单而定性的讨论.     

质量数在160-180核区形变双奇核高自旋态实验研究

基于在160-180核区形变双奇核高自旋态研究中所取得的研究结果和最近几年陆续发表的双奇核高自旋态核谱学数据,系统地考察和研究了πh_11/2⊙νi_13/2强耦合带和πh_9/2⊙νi_13/2半退耦带旋称反转的特征和规律.指出^182,184Au核素的πh_13/2⊙νi_13/2半退耦带也可能出现旋称反转;有限的实验数据似乎支持这一观点.首次在双奇核^178,180Ir的πh_11/2⊙νi_13/2强耦合带中发现了低转频下的逐渐顺排现象;在¹⁷⁸Ir核中发现了回弯频率反常超前.这些反常现象可能与核形变(或中子对力)的组态依赖性有关.     

扁椭球πh9/2⊙νi13/2转动带的低自旋旋称反转

利用标准在束γ谱学方法研究了^188,190Tl的高自旋态结构, 实验建立了基于扁椭组态πh_9/2⊙νi_13/2的强耦合转动带. 重新指定了双奇Tl核中πh_9/2⊙νi_13/2扁椭转动带的带头自旋, 从而揭示了这些转动带在低自旋时存在旋称反转. 首次确定了扁椭πh_9/2⊙νi_13/2带内存在低自旋旋称反转, 并在粒子-转子模型框架内对该现象进行了解释.     

158Tm核中的带结构及电磁跃迁性质

通过融合蒸发反应¹⁴⁴Nd(¹⁹F,5n)E=108, 112MeV对双奇核¹⁵⁸Tm的高自旋态进行了研究. 扩展了原已建立的带结构, 并建立了2条新转动带. 获得了γ射线的相对强度和耦合带的B(M1)/B(E2)比值.观测到了πh_11/2⊙νi_13/2组态带的旋称反转点. 对新建立的转动带进行了自旋-宇称以及组态的讨论.     

135La高自旋态的实验研究

利用在束γ谱实验技术,通过¹²⁸Te(¹⁰B,3n)¹³⁵La反应研究了¹³⁵La的高自旋态.基于γγ符合关系、γ射线的相对强度和各向异性度的测量结果,建立了¹³⁵La的能级纲图.在hω≈0.40MeV附近,观测到基于πh_11/2质子轨道上的负宇称带的带交叉.比较N=78同中子素链能级结构的系统性,认为该带交叉是由一对h_11/2准质子发生转动顺排造成的.在高自旋态处,观测到具有很强M1跃迁、Signature劈裂很小的ΔI=1负宇称带,根据系统性认为该带是建立在πh_11/2(νh_11/2)²组态上的γ≈–60°的扁椭球形变带.     

形变双奇核178Ir转动带能级的旋称反转

利用¹⁵²Sm(³¹P,5nγ)¹⁷⁸Ir反应产生并研究了双奇核¹⁷⁸Ir的高自旋态.实验中进行了¹⁷⁸Ir核的在束γ测量,包括γ射线的激发函数测量、X–γ和γ–γ符合测量.首次建立了双奇核¹⁷⁸Ir基于πh_9/2νi_13/2和πh_11/2νi_13/2准粒子组态上的转动带能级纲图.发现在低自旋区,两个转动带能级均出现旋称反转.对此核区半退耦带的旋称反转作了简要的分析和讨论.     

丰中子核112Ru的集体带结构

通过对重核²⁵²Cf自发裂变产生的瞬发γ谱的测量, 对丰中子核¹¹²Ru的能级结构进行了研究, 确认和扩展了基带和单声子γ振动带, 同时识别了两个新的边带, 认定它们分别为二准粒子带和二声子γ振动带. TRS模型计算表明¹¹²Ru核具有三轴形变, 其形变参量为β₂～0.27, γ～－29°. 推转壳模型的计算结果表明¹¹²Ru核基带回弯是由h_11/2轨道的一对中子发生角动量的顺排所致. 对该核二准粒子带以及γ振动带的特性也进行了讨论.     

双奇核176Ir转动带的旋称反转

利用¹⁴⁹Sm(³¹P,4nγ)反应,通过γ射线的激发函数测量、X-γ和γ-γ符合测量研究了双奇核¹⁷⁶Ir的高自旋态.首次建立了双奇核¹⁷⁶Ir由4个转动带构成的能级纲图.依据从实验数据中提取出的带内B(M1)/B(E2)值与理论计算值的比较,以及相邻双奇核的带结构特征,给出了转动带的准粒子组态.基于本实验建立起的带间跃迁和在I=18h处观测到的旋称交叉,指出¹⁷⁶Ir核基于πh_9/2⊙νi_13/2和πi_13/2⊙νi_13/2组态的两个转动带在低自旋时出现旋称反转现象.     

双奇核172Re高自旋态转动带结构实验研究

利用重离子熔合蒸发反应¹⁴⁹Sm(²⁷Al,4nγ)¹⁷²Re布居了形变双奇核¹⁷²Re的高自旋态,用12套带有BGO反康普顿抑制的高纯锗探测器阵列进行了在束γ实验测量,首次建立了形变双奇核¹⁷²Re由3个转动带构成的高自旋态能级纲图.研究和讨论了3个转动带的结构特征,基于已有的高自旋态核结构知识并通过系统学比较和分析指出它们的准粒子组态分别为πh_11/2⊙νi_13/2,πh_9/2⊙νi_13/2和π1/2^－[541]⊙ν1/2^－[521].发现前两个转动带在自旋小于18.5h时其转动能级呈现反常的旋称劈裂.     

Collective Band Structures in Neutron-Rich Odd-A 145,147Ce Nuclei

Through study of the prompt r-rays emitted in the spontaneous fission of ²⁵²Cf, high spin states of neutron-rich odd-A ^145,147Ce nuclei have been investigated. The levels in ¹⁴⁷Ce have been extended. A collective band in ¹⁴⁵Ce have been identified for the first time. The results from the particle rotor model calculations indicate that the yrast bands in ¹⁴⁵Ce and ¹⁴⁷Ce originate from vi_13/2 orbital coupling and the ground states of ¹⁴⁵Ce and ¹⁴⁷Ce originate from (vh_9/2,vf_7/2) and vh_9/2 configiration, respectively. No obvious octupole deformation was observed in these two isotopes, but a side band obtained in ¹⁴⁷Ce may show some octupole correlations.     

New high-spin states of 147Nd and 145Ce: Octupole correlation in the N = 87 isotones

High-spin states of the N = 87 nuclei, ¹⁴⁷Nd and ¹⁴⁵Ce, have been populated in the ¹²C + ²³⁸U and ¹⁸O + ²⁰⁸Pb fusion-fission reactions at 90 MeV and 85 MeV bombarding energy, respectively. The emitted γ-radiation was detected using the Euroball III and IV arrays. High-spin states of the ¹⁴⁷Nd isotope have been identified for the first time. The high-spin yrast and near-to-yrast structures of the ¹⁴⁵Ce nucleus have been considerably extended. The newly observed structures, discussed by analogy with the neighbouring isotones, show the coupling of an h_9/2 neutron to the quadrupole and octupole excitations of the core.     

Octupole Deformed Band and Quasi-γ Band in 146Ce Nucleus

High-spin structures in ¹⁴⁶Ce nucleus have been re-investigated by measuring the prompt γ rays from spontaneous fission of ²⁵²Cf. The previously reported level scheme of ¹⁴⁶Ce has been updated. The octupole deformed collective bands have been extended up to higher spin states. A possible quasi-γ band structure was examined and reconstructed according to our data analysis. In addition, the reflection asymmetric shell model was applied to describe the octupole deformed bands in ¹⁴⁶Ce, and the calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental data at lower spins.     

丰中子核144,146Ce的八极形变

通过对²⁵²Cf自发裂变所产生的瞬发γ谱的实验研究，建立并扩展了丰中子核^144,146Ce的高自旋和八极形变集体带,最高自旋态可达15^－.对这两个核的八极形变特性进行了讨论.     

High spin band structure in 139Nd

High-spin states in 139Nd nucleus have been reinvestigated with the reaction 128Te (16O, 5n) at a beam energy of 90 MeV. The level scheme has been expanded with spin up to 47/2 h. At the low spin states,the yrast collective structure built on the vh(-1)(11/2) multiplet shows a transitional shape with γ≈32° according to calculations of the triaxial rotor-plus-particle model. Three collective oblate bands with γ～-60° at the high spin states were identified for the first time. A band crossing is observed around hw ～0.4 MeV in one oblate band based on the 25/2- level.     

Signature splitting in 129Ce

The high spin states of 129Ce have been populated via heavy-ion fusion evaporation reaction 96Mo (37C1, 1p3n) 129Ce. The γ-γ coincidence and intensity balance used to measure the B(M1; I→I-1)/B(E2; I→I-2) (the probability ratio of the dipole and quadrupole transition) in v7/2[523] rotational band of 129Ce. And the energy splitting (Δe') has been got through the experimental Routhians. The lifetimes and quadrupole moments Qt have been extracted from the lineshape analyses using DSAM. The deformation of the v7/2[523] rotational band of 129Ce was extracted from the Qt and moment of inertia JRR.     

Complex shape effects in nuclear rotational spectra

We study the evolution of collectivity in the structure of nuclear rotational bands based on complex quadrupole-octupole shapes. We apply an extended version of a quadrupole-octupole rotation model capable of reproducing both the low-lying states of alternating parity bands interpreted on the basis of octupole vibrations and the higher spin states considered as members of a single octupole rotational band. In such a way, the complicated odd-even staggering effects observed in light actinide nuclei are described successfully. The implemented model analysis suggests a unified mechanism in which the octupole band structure is formed as the result of the transition from an octupole vibration (soft) mode to a rotation of a shape with a stable quadrupole-octupole deformation.     

Electric-dipole transitions in 165Er

High-spin states of 165Er were studied using the 160Gd(9Be, 4n)reaction at beam energies of 42 and 45 MeV. The previously known bands based on the γ5/2-[523] and γ5/2+ [642] configurations have been extended to high-spin states. Electric-dipole transitions linking these two opposite parity bands were observed. Relatively large B(E1) values have been extracted experimentally and were attributed to octupole softness.     

A microscopic study of the octupole degree of freedom at high angular momentum

A microscopic parity and number projected calculation after the variation was used to describe the rotational bands of the octupole deformed nuclei ¹⁴⁴Ba, ¹⁴⁶Ce and ²²⁴Ra. The states obtained in a cranked Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov approach are taken as intrinsic states for the parity and number projection. Dipole moments, deformation parameters, B(E1), B(E2) and B(E3) transition probabilities along the band are obtained and compared with the available experimental data. The calculations have been done with the finite range density dependent Gogny force.     

Band crossing in 162Dy: Characterisation of negative-parity yrast and yrare sequences

The crossing of an octupole band by a rotation-aligned two-quasiparticle band has been observed in detail in ¹⁶²Dy. Both the yrast and yrare states are identified from the band heads (I =2 and I = 5) to high spin (I ～ 14), with band crossing in both the even-spin and odd-spin sequences.