非局域Lai-Das Sarma-Villain方程动力学标度性质的研究

使用动力学重整化群和直接标度分析的方法研究了非局域Lai-Das Sarma-Villain方程的动力学标度性质.动力学重整化群分析表明非局域非线性项的存在能够导致新的固定点和连续变化的动力学标度指数的产生.使用直接标度分析方法则分别得到了在弱耦合和强耦合区内的标度指数值.在弱耦合区域内得到的标度指数与动力学重整化方法得到的标度指数值能很好地吻合. 关键词： 表面生长 动力学重整化群分析 标度分析     

含时空关联噪声的非局域及各向异性Kardar-Parisi -Zhang方程的直接标度分析

将直接标度分析方法推广应用到含时间空间关联噪声的非局域及各向异性KardarParisiZhang方程的动力学标度分析中,分别得到了方程在强耦合区和弱耦合区的标度指数值.在弱耦合区得到的标度指数能与使用动力学重整化方法得到的结果相吻合 关键词： 表面生长 标度分析 KPZ方程     

含时空关联噪声生长方程的标度奇异性分析

基于动力学重整化群理论研究表面界面生长动力学标度奇异性问题, 得到含时空关联噪声的表面生长方程标度奇异指数的一般结果,并将此方法应用于几种典型的局域生长方程——Kardar-Parisi-Zhang（KPZ）方程、线性生长方程、Lai-Das Sarma-Villain（LDV）方程.结果表明,在长波长极限下局域生长方程的动力学标度奇异性与最相关项、基底维数以及噪声有关,并且若出现标度奇异性,只会是超粗化（super rough）奇异标度行为,而不是内禀（intrinsically）奇异标度行为. 关键词： 标度奇异性 动力学重整化群理论 时空关联噪声     

电子关联对顺式聚乙烯中双极化子附近局域振动模的影响

用自洽迭代的方法研究了顺式聚乙炔中双极化子的能谱及其附近的局域振动模。结果发现：１）在顺式聚乙炔中，双极化子的电子束缚态数目和位置仅取决于耦合参数λ和电子相互作用Ｕ，这类似于反式聚乙炔；参数ｔ１（消除基态二度简并）虽不能改变电子局域态的个数，但影响了双极化子附近局域模的数目。２）电子相互作用不仅使局域模的频率发生了漂移，而且增加了局域模的个数，这不同于反式。３）局域模的局域性随耦合参数λ以及电子相     

电子关联对顺式聚乙炔中双极化子附近局域振动模的影响

用自洽迭代的方法研究了顺式聚乙炔中双极化子的能谱及其附近的局域振动模.结果发现:1)在顺式聚乙炔中,双极化子的电子束缚态数目和位置仅取决于耦台参数λ和电子相互作用U,这类似于反式聚乙炔;参数t_l(消除基态二度简并)虽不能改变电子局域态的个数,但影响了双极化子附近局域模的数目.2)电子相互作用不仅使局域模的频率发生了漂移,而且增加了局域模的个数,这不同于反式,3)局域模的局域性随耦合参数λ以及电子相互作用U的增加而增强,随参数(?)的增大而减弱.     

离子通道中环形束流分布与场解的自洽理论

考虑环形束流的空间电荷效应与相对论状态下的自磁效应对离子通道——环形束流系统的影响，研究了通道中环形束流的轨道与场解的自洽平衡态.利用动力学理论得到了电子平衡态分布函数以及环形束流的径向位置和通道内电磁场的自洽解.研究发现，相对论束流的自场对系统平衡态有很大影响，并证实了系统自洽平衡态的存在.数值计算给出了束流位置与通道半径间随能量的分布关系以及通道内场随半径分布的规律，为相关器件的设计提供了重要的理论数据. 关键词： 离子通道 环形束流 动力学理论 自洽平衡态     

双曲正割光束在弱非局域非线性体材料中的传输特性研究

利用变分法研究了(2+1)维圆对称双曲正割光束在弱非局域非线性介质中的传输,得到了描述光束束宽、相位、波前曲率、振幅演化的一组微分方程,并得到了光束做孤子传输的临界功率;通过稳定性分析给出了弱非局域情形非局域效应对光束传输的稳定作用的定量描述,从而自洽地阐述了由不稳定的(2+1)维克尔孤子到稳定的(2+1)维弱非局域孤子的过渡情形. 数值模拟的结果验证了变分计算结果的正确性,并说明圆对称的双曲正割函数是(2+1)维弱非局域空间孤子的很好的近似. 关键词： 双曲正割光束 弱非局域非线性介质 空间光孤子     

含遮蔽抛射沉积模型的有限尺寸效应

含遮蔽抛射沉积模型是在抛射沉积(BD)模型的基础上考虑了粒子以一定的角度分布倾斜入射的情况.本文应用外推方法确定了大尺寸极限下含遮蔽抛射沉积模型的各标度指数,讨论了该模型的有限尺寸效应及其标度性质.从模拟结果可以看出含遮蔽BD模型的有限尺寸效应与BD模型有所不同,遮蔽这种非局域作用可以显著地改变BD模型的标度性质. 关键词： 遮蔽效应 抛射沉积模型 有限尺寸效应 动力学标度     

内开槽螺纹回旋行波管线性理论研究

基于耦合波理论，运用阻抗微扰法得到了内开槽螺纹波导的色散方程及耦合条件，并从相对论电子运动方程入手得到了自洽非线性方程组，通过一阶线性近似导出了注-波互作用线性关系及色散方程.运用数值计算及3维粒子模拟软件冷腔分析对该波导冷腔色散特性及注-波互作用色散特性进行了研究. 关键词： 内开槽螺纹波导 阻抗微扰 线性理论 自洽非线性方程组     

三模高斯态光场非局域性的增强

提出了增强三模高斯态光场非局域性的方案. 结果表明：通过一个IPS（inconlusive photon subtraction）过程的非高斯操作,可以将三模高斯态退变为非高斯态,利用Bell不等式检测发现对于较弱的输入高斯态非局域性能够得到加强. 关键词： 非局域性 三模高斯态     

Spin diffusion and relaxation in three-dimensional isotropic Heisenberg antiferromagnets

A theory is proposed for kinetic effects in isotropic Heisenberg antiferromagnets at temperatures above the Néel point. The scaling behavior of the generalized coefficient of spin diffusion and relaxation constant in the paramagnetic phase is studied in terms of the approximation of interacting modes. It is shown that the kinetic coefficients in an antiferromagnetic system are singular in the fluctuation region. The corresponding critical indices for diffusion and relaxation processes are calculated. The scaling dimensionality of the kinetic coefficients agrees with the predictions of dynamic similarity theory and a renormalization group analysis. The proposed theory can be used to study the momentum and frequency dependence of the kinetic parameters, and to determine the form of the scaling functions. The role of nonlocal correlations and spin-fluid effects in magnetic systems is discussed. Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 112, 1816–1829 (November 1997)     

Confinement of quarks in nonlocal quantum field theory

The model of quarks in the frame of nonlocal quantum field theory is demonstrated. Here all basic principles of quantum theory are conserved, quarks are automatically confined and the scaling behaviour of the amplitude of an inclusive process is manifested explicitly in lower orders of perturbation theory.On leave of absence from theDept. of Theoretical Physics, Comenius University, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia.     

Weakly nonlocal irreversible thermodynamics

Weakly nonlocal thermodynamic theories are critically revisited. A relocalized, irreversible thermodynamic theory of nonlocal phenomena is given, based on a modified form of the entropy current and new kind of internal variables, the so called current multipliers. The treatment is restricted to deal with nonlocality connected to dynamic thermodynamic variables. Several classical equations are derived, including Guyer‐Krumhansl, Ginzburg‐Landau and Cahn‐Hilliard type equations.     

Extended electron and nonlocal electromagnetic interaction: The perturbation theory

The nonlocal interaction between electrons and electromagnetic fields is considered. It is shown that different contraction forms of interacting fields are equivalent to different nonlocal theories where nonlocality is connected to either the photon field or the electron field, or to both these fields simultaneously. The nonlocal theory where the electron carries nonlocality is studied in detail. The gauge invariance of this model is achieved by using thed-operation applying the perturbation theory. Primitive Feynman diagrams of the nonlocal theory are investigated and a restriction on the “size”l of the electron is obtained. From low-energy experimental data from tests of local quantum electrodynamics it follows thatl≦10⁻¹⁵ cm.     

Application of an electrostatically actuated cantilevered carbon nanotube with an attached mass as a bio-mass sensor

In the present paper, another latent capability of SWCNT as a mass sensor is investigated. The relationship between the resonant frequency, dynamic pull-in voltage at the resonance frequency shift, and the attached mass is established by using the nonlocal Euler–Bernoulli beam theory. Using this relationship, a general closed-form nonlinear sensor-equation has been derived for the detection of the mass attached to the SWCNT. The aim of this study and present model is to show the sensitivity of the Cantilevered SWCNT to the values and positions of attached mass. Moreover, the results indicate that by increasing the value of attached mass and considering a single non-local scaling parameter (e₀), the values of dynamic pull-in voltage at the resonance frequency shift are decreased. Because of the small scaling parameter (e₀), the mass sensitivity of carbon nanotube increases, when the position of the attached mass is in the tip of a Cantilevered SWCNT length. The authority and the accuracy of these formulas are examined with other pull-in sensor equations in literatures. The results demonstrate that the new sensor equation can be applied for CNT-based mass sensors with rational accuracy.     

Effects of memory on scaling behaviour of Kardar--Parisi--Zhang equation

In order to describe the time delay in the surface roughing process the Kardar-Parisis-Zhang (KPZ) equation with memory effects is constructed and analysed using the dynamic renormalization group and the power counting mode coupling approach by Chattopadhyay [2009 Phys. Rev. E 80 011144]. In this paper, the scaling analysis and the classical self-consistent mode-coupling approximation are utilized to investigate the dynamic scaling behaviour of the KPZ equation with memory effects. The values of the scaling exponents depending on the memory parameter are calculated for the substrate dimensions being 1 and 2, respectively. The more detailed relationship between the scaling exponent and memory parameter reveals the significant influence of memory effects on the scaling properties of the KPZ equation.     

Hidden Variables with Nonlocal Time

To relax the apparent tension between nonlocal hidden variables and relativity, we propose that the observable proper time is not the same quantity as the usual proper-time parameter appearing in local relativistic equations. Instead, the two proper times are related by a nonlocal rescaling parameter proportional to |ψ|², so that they coincide in the classical limit. In this way particle trajectories may obey local relativistic equations of motion in a manner consistent with the appearance of nonlocal quantum correlations. To illustrate the main idea, we first present two simple toy models of local particle trajectories with nonlocal time, which reproduce some nonlocal quantum phenomena. After that, we present a realistic theory with a capacity to reproduce all predictions of quantum theory.     

Instability transitions and ensemble equivalence in diffusive flow

We investigate the critical behavior of one-dimensional (1D) stochastic flow with competing nonlocal and local hopping events, in context of the totally asymmetric simple exclusion process (TASEP) with a defect site in a 1D closed chain. The defect site can effectively generate various boundary conditions, controlling the total number of particles in the system. Both open and periodic-like setups exhibit dynamic instability transitions from a populated finite density phase to an empty road (ER) phase as the nonlocal hopping rate increases. In the stationary populated phase, strong clustering promoted by nonlocal skids drives such transitions and determines their scaling properties. By static and dynamic simulations, we locate such transition points, and discuss their nature and scaling properties. In the open TASEP variant, we numerically establish that the instability transition into the ER phase is second order in the regime where the entry point reservoir controls the current, while it is first order in the regime where the bulk controls the current. Since it is well known that such transitions are absent in the periodic TASEP variant, we compare our results in the open setup with those in the periodic-like setup, and discuss the issue of the ensemble equivalence. Finally, the same discussion is extended to the symmetric cases.