遮蔽效应对抛射沉积模型标度性质的影响

在表面粗糙化生长过程中粒子非垂直入射产生的遮蔽效应是一种长程相互作用, 实验发现非垂直入射时生长表面形貌和生长性质都受到遮蔽效应的影响. 本文通过模拟倾斜入射的抛射沉积模型得到了其标度指数、 表面统计的偏度和峰度以及生长体的多孔性与入射角度的关系, 模拟结果显示标度指数与入射角度的关系是非单调的, 而偏度和峰度的有限尺寸效应也取决于入射角度的大小. 同时本文对以上模拟结果进行了定性的分析.     

1+1维抛射沉积模型内部结构动力学行为的数值研究

采用Kinetic Monte Carlo方法对1+1维抛射沉积(BD)模型内部结构的动力学行为进行了大量的数值模拟研究.分别分析了空洞密度和内部界面的动力学行为.研究表明,空洞密度呈高斯型分布,其平均值首先随生长时间快速增长,然后达到一个与基底尺寸无关的饱和值.除表面宽度,还引入了新的极值统计方法来分析该模型内部界面的动力学行为,分析结果显示,1+1维BD模型内部界面的演化满足标准的Family-Vicsek标度规律,并且属Kardar-Parisi-Zhang方程所描述的普适类.最后对表面宽度和极值统计两种理论方法的有限尺寸效应进行了比较.     

改进的部分子演化模型及其对EMC效应和核Drell–Yan过程的解释

用解析方法证明了部分子演化模型可为双重X重新标度模型提供物理基础,进而利用修正的Alteralli-Parisi方程描述小x区域的核遮蔽和反遮蔽效应,以改进部分子演化模型,使我们不必引入核遮蔽因子便可统一地描述EMC效应、核遮蔽和反遮蔽效应.最后,利用改进的部分子演化模型相当好地解释了核Drell-Yan过程的实验数据.     

改进的部分子演化模型及其对EMC效应和核Drell－Yan过程的解释

用解析方法证明了部分子演化模型可为双重Ｘ重新标度模型提供物理基础，进而利用修正的Ａｌｔｅｒａｌｌｉ－Ｐａｒｉｓｉ方程描述小ｘ区域的核遮蔽和反遮蔽效应，以改进部分子演化模型，使我们不必引入核遮蔽因子便可统一地描述ＥＭＣ效应、核遮蔽和反遮蔽效应．最后，利用改进的部分子演化模型相当好地解释了核Ｄｒｅｌｌ－Ｙａｎ过程的实验数据．     

统一描述EMC效应,核Drell-Yan过程和J/ψ光生过程的一个简单模型

通过引入一个用来描述核遮蔽与反遮蔽效应的海夸克和胶子的重组因子,结合x重新标度模型,在保持核动量守恒的条件下,统一描述EMC效应,核Drell-Yan过程和J/ψ光生过程,获得满意的结果.     

随机稀释基底上刻蚀模型动力学标度行为的数值模拟研究

表面界面动力学粗化过程是凝聚态物理领域重要的研究内容,为研究基底不完整性对刻蚀模型动力学 标度行为的影响,本文采用Kinetic Monte Carlo(KMC)方法,分析研究了在随机稀释基底上刻蚀模型(Etching model)生长表面的动力学标度行为.研究发现:尽管随机稀释基底的不完整性会对刻蚀表面的动力学 行为产生显著的影响,导致刻蚀表面粗糙度指数和生长指数有明显的增加, 但其仍基本满足原有的动力学标度规律.此外,本文还对刻蚀表面动力学标度指数的有限尺寸效应进行了 分析讨论.     

1+1维含噪声Kuramoto-Sivashinsky方程表面宽度分布率的数值计算

通过对1+1维含噪声Kuramoto-Sivashinsky(KS)方程进行数值计算,得到其在饱和状态下的表面宽度分布率并与Kardar-Parisi-Zhang(KPZ)方程进行比较.结果表明,1+1维含噪声KS方程的表面宽度分布率标度函数受有限尺寸效应影响较小,并与KPZ方程具有相近的表面宽度分布率标度函数.     

EZ模型中的有限尺寸效应

研究EZ模型中的有限尺寸效应.当经纪人数目N足够大及发生交易的概率a1/N，发现有限尺 寸效应是重要的.此时，系统几乎变成包含所有经纪人的单一集团.而对较小集团，尺寸分布 仍然服从幂函数律，但是指数因涨落效应而改变.但当a1/N时，可以论证涨落效应不重要 ，因而平均场理论是严格成立的. 关键词： EZ模型 有限尺寸效应 涨落 平均场理论     

统一描述EMC效应,核Drell-Yan过程和J/ψ光生过程的一个简单模型

通过引入一个用来描述核遮蔽与反遮蔽效应的海夸克和胶子的重组因子，结合ｘ重新标度模型，在保持核动量守恒的条件下，统一描述ＥＭＣ效应，核Ｄｒｅｌｌ－Ｙａｎ过程和Ｊ／ψ光生过程，获得满意的结果。     

n分量φ4模型薄膜的尺寸效应

我们用场论重整化群方法讨论了周期边界的n分量φ⁴模型薄膜的单纯尺寸效应,发现仅当维数满足d_<+1>时尺寸效应具有Fisher的标度形式,其他情况下它是不可标度的。同时也讨论了维数渡越现象及状态方程。 关键词：     

化学气相沉积中影蔽效应对硅薄膜表面形貌和微结构的影响

采用斜入射热丝化学气相沉积技术(OAD-HWCVD),研究了气流入射角度(θ)对氢化非晶硅(a-Si:H)薄膜表面和微结构的影响.实验发现,薄膜厚度为1μm时,均方根粗糙度与tanθ成指数关系;在入射角度为75°时,薄膜表面由自仿射表面转变为mound表面.采用拉曼谱和红外谱表征了硅薄膜的微结构随气流入射角度的变化.在薄膜转变为mound表面生长之前,随入射角度的增加,准局域的影蔽效应使得薄膜中微空洞的数目及尺寸增加,导致薄膜微结构因子升高、致密度下降、薄膜质量变差.在薄膜转变为mound表面生长之后,非局域的影蔽效应导致大尺度的空洞,同时薄膜中以Si-Hn(n 2)形式存在的氢增多.本文以非晶硅薄膜为例,结合标度理论,分析了薄膜生长过程中的表面形貌和微结构与影蔽效应的关系.     

Colour transparency and scaling properties of nuclear shadowing in deep inelastic scattering

We present the perturbative QCD analysis of nuclear shadowing in the deep inelastic scattering at smallx in terms of the spatial wave function ofq \(\bar q\) fluctuations of virtual photons. The wave function formalism makes it quite obvious that shadowing is the scaling, rather than the higher twist, 1/Q ², effect, contrary to a numerous recent claims. We demonstrate explicitly how the scaling shadowing comes from the large, hadronic, size quarkantiquark pairs even in the limit ofQ ²→∞, and why it should very slowly, ∞1/log (Q ²/m ²) decrease at very largeQ ². We argue in favor of the scaling triple-pomeron contribution to the nuclear shadowing and present predictions for a cross section of diffraction dissociation of virtual photons and for the mass spectrum of diffraction excitation, which can be checked at HERA and Fermilab. We predict strikingly different scaling properties of diffraction dissociation and nuclear shadowing for the longitudinal and transverse photons. Our, numerial predictions for shadowing are in good agreement with the recent EMC data.     

Dependency of percolation critical exponents on the exponent of power law size distribution

The standard percolation theory uses objects of the same size. Moreover, it has long been observed that the percolation properties of the systems with a finite distribution of sizes are controlled by an effective size and consequently, the universality of the percolation theory is still valid. In this study, the effect of power law size distribution on the critical exponents of the percolation theory of the two dimensional models is investigated. Two different object shapes i.e., stick-shaped and square are considered. These two shapes are the representative of the fractures in fracture reservoirs and the sandbodies in clastic reservoirs. The finite size scaling arguments are used for the connectivity to determine the dependency of the critical exponents on the power law exponent. In particular, the deviations of percolation exponents from their universal values as well as the connectivity behavior of such systems are investigated numerically. As a result, this extends the applicability of the conventional percolation approach to study the connectivity of systems with a very broad size distribution.     

Quantum ising model with staggered interaction

The spectrum of a quantum Ising model with staggered interaction is solved exactly for periodic, antiperiodic and free boundary conditions. The properties of the ground state and the excitation spectrum are investigated at the phase transition points, and the conformal theory and the finite size scaling hypothesis are tested along the critical line. The conformally invariant Hamiltonian is found to be independent of the staggering field in the finite size scaling limit.Work performed within the research program of the Sonderforschungsbereich 125     

Thermodynamics of small systems embedded in a reservoir: a detailed analysis of finite size effects

We present a detailed study on the finite size scaling behaviour of thermodynamic properties for small systems of particles embedded in a reservoir. Previously, we derived that the leading finite size effects of thermodynamic properties for small systems scale with the inverse of the linear length of the small system, and we showed how this can be used to describe systems in the thermodynamic limit [Chem. Phys. Lett. 504, 199 (2011)]. This approach takes into account an effective surface energy, as a result of the non-periodic boundaries of the small embedded system. Deviations from the linear behaviour occur when the small system becomes very small, i.e. smaller than three times the particle diameter in each direction. At this scale, so-called nook- and corner effects will become important. In this work, we present a detailed analysis to explain this behaviour. In addition, we present a model for the finite size scaling when the size of the small system is of the same order of magnitude as the reservoir. The developed theory is validated using molecular simulations of systems containing Lennard-Jones and WCA particles, and leads to significant improvements over our previous approach. Our approach eventually leads to an efficient method to compute the thermodynamic factor of macroscopic systems from finite size scaling, which is for example required for converting Fick and Maxwell–Stefan transport diffusivities.     

Monostatic and bistatic statistical shadowing functions from a one-dimensional stationary randomly rough surface according to the observation length: I. Single scattering

When solving electromagnetic rough-surface scattering problems, the effect of shadowing by the surface roughness often needs to be considered, especially as the illumination angle approaches grazing incidence. This paper presents the Ricciardi-Sato, as well as the Wagner and the Smith formulations for calculating the monostatic and bistatic statistical shadowing functions from a one-dimensional rough stationary surface, which are valid for an uncorrelated Gaussian process with an infinite surface length. In this paper, these formulations are extended to include a finite surface length and any uncorrelated process. The inclusion of a finite surface length is needed to extend the single-reflection shadowing function to the more general multiple-reflection case, presented in the following companion paper. Comparisons of these shadowing functions with the exact numerical solution for the shadowing (using surfaces with Gaussian and Lorentzian autocorrelation functions for a Gaussian process) shows that the Smith formulation without correlation is a good approximation, and that including correlation only weakly improves the model. This paper also presents a method to include the shadowing effect in the electromagnetic scattering problem.     

Current carrying states in the disordered quantum anomalous Hall effect

In a quantum Hall effect, flat Landau levels may be broadened by disorder. However, it has been found that in the thermodynamic limit, all extended (or current carrying) states shrink to one single energy value within each Landau level. On the other hand, a quantum anomalous Hall effect consists of dispersive bands with finite widths. We numerically investigate the picture of current carrying states in this case. With size scaling, the spectrum width of these states in each bulk band still shrinks to a single energy value in the thermodynamic limit, in a power law way. The magnitude of the scaling exponent at the intermediate disorder is close to that in the quantum Hall effects. The number of current carrying states obeys similar scaling rules, so that the density of states of current carrying states is finite. Other states in the bulk band are localized and may contribute to the formation of a topological Anderson insulator.