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在核磁共振(NMR)领域,射频脉冲信号的质量、形状对NMR性能及应用有着重要影响.本文基于现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)和直接数字频率合成(DDS)芯片AD9910设计了一种硬件结构更为简单的NMR射频脉冲发生器,实现了射频脉冲各项参数的数字化调制.其频率、相位、振幅的控制精度分别达到了32位、16位和14位,脉冲调制的时间精度为0.01 μs,可灵活生成持续时间不小于0.1 μs、载波频率不高于400 MHz的各类软脉冲和硬脉冲.同时,针对脉冲序列的特点建立了"脉冲+延时"的基础模型,提出了一种通用性更强的列表式脉冲序列控制方案,精简了对上级控制单元的控制需求.此外,对射频脉冲信号的频谱特性进行了理论分析,并采用Hanning窗对软脉冲的包络波形进行了优化处理,仿真和实验结果表明,Hanning窗可以有效抑制软脉冲的频谱泄漏问题. 相似文献
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设计了一种基于现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)与直接数字频率合成(DDS)的磁共振成像(MRI)射频脉冲发生器,采用FPGA实现DDS,并内置软脉冲波形双端口随机存取存储器(RAM)、乘法器以及相关的控制逻辑.实现了较高的技术指标,其中频率、相位与幅度分辨率分别为32 bits、16 bits与16 bits,软脉冲波形的时间精度可达0.1?s.FPGA提供了一个可编程的接口,便于序列控制器对其进行控制,以输出射频脉冲.MRI实验结果证明了该设计的可行性. 相似文献
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介绍了高场磁共振成像(MRI)多源发射技术的原理,提出了一种用于高场MRI系统的多源射频信号发射机.它能并行输出多路频率、相位、幅度,可快速独立调节的射频脉冲信号.该射频发射机的实现基于单片现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)和多通道数模转换器(DAC)芯片,FPGA读取预存于双端口随机存取存储器(RAM)中的射频信号参数,并利用读取的参数分别实现每路信号的直接数字频率合成(DDS)和信号调制等核心功能,获得多路数字射频信号;FPGA输出的数字信号经过高性能DAC转化为模拟信号,即所需要的射频信号.该射频发射机在设计中大量采用软件无线电技术,即利用Xilinx提供的IP核实现DDS和信号调制等主要功能,具有集成度高、体积小、灵活度高的优点,同时,该设计可以大大缩短开发时间,有效降低实现的难度和成本,为高场MRI谱仪的多源射频发射机的设计研制提供了一种低成本、高效、高性价比的方案. 相似文献
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近年来,为提高磁共振成像(MRI)信号信噪比(SNR)、缩短成像时间,同时多层成像技术受到了极大的关注.为了实现同时多层的选择性激发,现有的多层成像序列大多使用组合射频(RF)脉冲,该脉冲可包含多个独立的幅值相同相位不同的简单脉冲,由于其采用简单的线性叠加方法,该类脉冲射频功率随脉冲数量呈现平方增长,因而应用受限.针对这一问题,基于自旋动力学和优化控制原理,本文提出了一种针对同时多层MRI的选择性射频脉冲的数值优化方法,该方法充分运用射频脉冲的调控机制,获得优化脉冲,并配合层选梯度,可实现任意层厚、层间距、层数的同时高效选择性激发.最后,通过数字模体的同时多层模拟成像实验验证了优化脉冲的有效性. 相似文献
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为了保证航空器运行过程中,天线能够实时的对准行航空器,保证通讯的正常,本文设计了一种基于STM32的雷达信号跟踪控制系统。使用STM32F407IG控制芯片作为信号跟踪控制系统的处理器,通过处理来自接收机的方位差电压ΔA信号和俯仰差电压ΔE信号,控制步进电机的转动,实现对天线运动状态的控制,保证天线能够实时对准航空器。STM32F407IG自带的定时器提供了PWM脉冲功能,可以通过给步进电机驱动器发送脉冲命令来实现对电机的运动控制。为了保证运动的可靠性,系统使用了旋转变压器形成闭环控制。 相似文献
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带内干扰抑制的超宽带脉冲设计 总被引:4,自引:4,他引:0
采用不同幅度和延迟的高斯函数脉冲组合来拟合抽样函数脉冲,利用拟合的抽样函数脉冲设计超宽带脉冲信号,实现美国联邦通信委员会制定的辐射掩蔽要求的高效逼近.该方法产生的脉冲波形具有实现简单、持续时间短、带外辐射功率小、容易进行时域或频域调节等特点.与已报道的几种脉冲比较,设计的脉冲可携带更多的能量, 同时具有良好的带内(窄带或宽带)干扰抑制能力,能够和带内的其他通信系统更好的共存.最后,对设计的脉冲波形和最佳高斯波形的通信性能进行了比较,表明文中波形的性能明显优于最佳高斯波形. 相似文献
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Three-Frequency Composite Multipulse Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Technique for Explosive Detection 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
G. V. Mozzhukhin B. Z. Rameev R. R. Khusnutdinov N. Do?an B. Aktas 《Applied magnetic resonance》2012,43(4):547-556
New method of multifrequency nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) for the explosive detection has been proposed. This technique consists of application of the series of composite excitation circles, each consisting of two or three successive pulses of different frequencies. In this work, we study in detail the multipulse sequence consisting of n excitation sets, each set consists of three pulses. The first pulse is applied with frequency ?? ?, the second pulse with frequency ?? 0, and the third pulse with frequency ?? ?C, but with a shifted phase. The NQR signal is detected at the frequency ?? +. The maximal amplitude of the detected signal is obtained by tuning the pulse parameters at frequencies ?? ? and ?? 0. We have shown that the phase of the NQR signal at the frequency ?? + second part of the composite pulse with the frequency ?? 0 the signals with different phases to suppress the spurious signals. The method could be used for increasing the NQR signal, avoiding the spurious signals and improving the reliability of NQR detection. Possible applications of the method for the explosive detection are also discussed. 相似文献
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Skinner TE Reiss TO Luy B Khaneja N Glaser SJ 《Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)》2003,163(1):8-15
Optimal control theory is considered as a methodology for pulse sequence design in NMR. It provides the flexibility for systematically imposing desirable constraints on spin system evolution and therefore has a wealth of applications. We have chosen an elementary example to illustrate the capabilities of the optimal control formalism: broadband, constant phase excitation which tolerates miscalibration of RF power and variations in RF homogeneity relevant for standard high-resolution probes. The chosen design criteria were transformation of I(z)-->I(x) over resonance offsets of +/- 20 kHz and RF variability of +/-5%, with a pulse length of 2 ms. Simulations of the resulting pulse transform I(z)-->0.995I(x) over the target ranges in resonance offset and RF variability. Acceptably uniform excitation is obtained over a much larger range of RF variability (approximately 45%) than the strict design limits. The pulse performs well in simulations that include homonuclear and heteronuclear J-couplings. Experimental spectra obtained from 100% 13C-labeled lysine show only minimal coupling effects, in excellent agreement with the simulations. By increasing pulse power and reducing pulse length, we demonstrate experimental excitation of 1H over +/-32 kHz, with phase variations in the spectra <8 degrees and peak amplitudes >93% of maximum. Further improvements in broadband excitation by optimized pulses (BEBOP) may be possible by applying more sophisticated implementations of the optimal control formalism. 相似文献
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The off-resonance dependence of the amplitudes of the six dominant 14N nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) lines in commercial polymorphic trinitrotoluene (TNT) sample were experimentally determined for a wide range of experimental parameters when irradiated with the spin-lock spin-echo (SLSE) pulse sequence. We find that the amplitudes off-resonance dependence follows a sinc-like function with an additional modulation due to the spacing between the RF pulses. This dependence can be very well modeled with expressions we have derived for a single site 14N NQR in paranitrotoluene (PNT). The results can be immediately used for the reduction of the number of free parameters used in the robust signal processing models for the TNT NQR detectors. 相似文献