With the alpha-cluster model to explain the change of separating energy

It was supposed that, the nucleus was composed of α-cluster, pn-pair, and nn-pair. The reciprocity of the α-cluster, pn-pair, and nn-pair caused the regular change of the separating energy to separate the nn-pair in the exotic nuclei. The regular change was that the separating energy was high behind low to separate the nn-pair in the light and exotic nuclei. This phenomenon must had more profound physical meaning.     

Spherical and Deformed Shell Closures in Superheavy nuclei

The structure of superheavy nuclei has been studied using the macroscopic-microscopic model. The macroscopic energy was calculated with the continuous medium model in which the energy is expressed as a function of nucleon densities. The deformations and structures of superheavy nuclei were systematically investigated. Calculations reproduce well the available data of experimental α-decay energies and half-lives. The investigation of single-particle levels shows that the shell structure is deformation and isospin dependent. Potential-energy-surface calculations display that superheavy nuclei have in general harder shapes than the nuclei of other mass regions.     

The Formation Mechanism and Binding Energy for the Octahedral Central Structure of the He7+ Cluster

The formation mechanism for the octahedral central structure of the He7 cluster is proposed and its totalenergy curve is calculated by the method of a modified arrangement channel quantum mechanics (MACQM). The energyis a function of separation R between two nuclei at the center and an apex of the octahedral central structure. The resultof the calculation shows that the curve has a minimal energy -19.7296 a.u. At R = 2.40 α0. The binding energy of He7 with respect to He 6He was calculated to be 0.6437 a.u. This means that the cluster of He7 may be formed in thestable octahedral central structure with R = 2.40 α0.     

Isospin-dependent relativistic microscopic optical potential in the Dirac Brueckner-Hartree-Fock method

There is growing evidence to suggest that the binding energy of nucleon in nuclear matter comes from a cancellation between large Lorentz scalar and vector potentials[1,2]. The relativistic approach has been of a great success in describing not only the ground state properties of stable nuclei, but also those of exotic nuclei. In the relativistic frame, the spin-orbit coupling can be deduced automatically, which is usually given by hand in the non-relativistic approach. The relativistic method…     

The Formation Mechanism and Binding Energy for the Octahedral Central Structure of the He7^＋ Cluster

The formation mechanism for the octahedral central structure of the He7^ cluster is proposed and its total energy curve is calculated by the method of a modified arrangement channel quantum mechanics (MACQM). The energy is a function of separation R between two nuclei at the center and an apex of the octahedral central structure. The result of the calculation shows that the curve has a minimM energy -19.7296 a.u. at R = 2.40α0. The binding energy of He7^ with respect to He^ 6He was calculated to be 0.6437 a.u. This means that the duster of He7^ may be formed in the stable octahedral central structure with R=2.40 α0.     

Systematic Study of Stability of Super Heavy Nuclei

A systematic overview on the characteristics of super heavy nuclei from Z=101 to Z=130 based on thedata by P. Moeller et al. is presented. The nuclei which have the biggest mean binding energy in each of their isotope chain show systematic regular behavior, indicating that the mean binding energy is a good criterion to classify super heavy nuclei by their stabilities. Further investigation on the nuclear data at and after Z=127 has been suggested.     

Theoretical approaches to alpha decay half-lives of super-heavy nuclei

We consider the systematics of α-decay half-lives of super-heavy nuclei versus the decay energy and the total α-kinetic energy. We calculate the half-lives using the experimental Q_α values. The computed half-lives are compared with the experimental data and with existing empirical estimates and are found to be in good agreement.Also, we obtain α-preformation factors from the ratio between theoretical and experimental results for some superheavy nuclei and evaluate the standard deviation. The results indicate the acceptability of the approach.     

A new non-microscopic study of cluster structures in light alpha-conjugate nuclei

In this paper, the alpha-cluster state in light alpha-conjugate nuclei is studied and a new suitable local potential model for the α-cluster phase of these nuclei is suggested. Using the generalized Nikiforov-Uvarov(NU)method, the clusterization energy for ~8Be,~(12)C,~(16)O and ~(20)Ne nuclei is calculated. Based on the obtained results, the clustering phenomenon is more probable at energies among excited levels and it happens neither at ground state nor at excited states of light alpha-conjugate nuclei. It is found that the presented formulation for clustering phenomenon reproduces the results of previous experimental and theoretical attempts for the mentioned nuclei. The consistency of the obtained results with the previous experimental and theoretical predictions indicates the reliability of this formulation for various types of alpha-conjugate nuclei.     

Production and Identification of New Isotope ^265Bh（Z=107）

New Isotope ^265Bh was produced in bombardment of a ^243Am target with 168 MeV 26Mg ions. The experiment was carried out at the Sector Focus Cyclotron of Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou in 2003. The reaction products were transported and collected by using helium-jet technique and a set of rotating wheel system. Identification was made by observation of correlated a-particles between the new isotope ^265Bh and its ^261Db and ^257Lr daughter nuclei. A parent-daughter searching mode was used to facilitate detection of α-α correlations. A total of four pairs of PIPS detector (200mm^2 active area) were used to measure the kinetic energy of a particles. The a particle energy resolution was about 40 keV for the top detectors and 100 keV for the bottom detectors because of energy degradation in the polypropylene foil.     

Gound State Properties of Nuclei in ^295118 α-Decay Chain

The properties of nuclei belonging to the α-decay chain of superheavy element ^295118 have been studied in the framework of axially deformed relativistic mean field （RMF） theory with the parameter set of NL-Z2 in the blocked BCS approximation. Some ground state properties such as binding energies, deformations, and α-decay energies Qα have been obtained and agree well with those from finite-range droplet model （FRDM）. The single-particle spectra of nuclei in ^295118 α-decay chain show that the shell gaps present obviously nucleon number dependence. The root-mean-square （rms） radii of proton, neutron and matter distributions change slowly from ^283112 to ^295118 but dramatically from ^279110 to ^283112, which may be due to the subshell closure at Z = 110 in ^279110. The α-decay half-lives in 295118 decay chain are evaluated by employing the cluster model and the generalized liquid drop model （GLDM）, and the overall agreement is found when they are compared with the known experimental data. The α-decay lifetimes obtained from the cluster model are slightly larger than those of GLDM ones. Finally, we predict the α-decay half-lives of Z=118, 116, 114, 112 isotopes using the cluster model and GLDM, which also indicate these two models can corroborate each other in studies on superheavy nuclei. The results from GLDM are always lower than those obtained from the cluster model.     

The antiproton-nucleus elastic scattering and the alpha-cluster model with dispersion

The elastic scattering differential cross sections of intermediate energy antiprotons on¹²C and¹⁶O nuclei and the elastic scattering polarization observables of antiprotons on these nuclei have been calculated on the basis of theα-cluster model with dispersion and multiple diffraction theory. The results of these calculations are compared with the experimental data.     

奇异核的实验研究

总结了兰州放射性束实验小组在兰州放射性次级束流线上近几年来利用产生的放射性束流,轰击Si或C等靶子,测量它的反应总截面.并利用经验公式将这些结果归一到相同的能量和靶子,与其相邻的核相比较,发现了⁹C,¹¹Be,¹⁴Be,⁸B,¹⁴B 和¹²N等核素的反应总截面值有奇异增大的现象.利用微观的Glauber模型进行了计算,对有奇异结构的核采用核芯加价核子的密度分布形式,理论计算和实验结果符合得很好,可以给出奇异核的弥散的密度分布.     

The alpha - cluster ground state of O

It is shown that there is an α-cluster configuration which is more bound than the optimum regular tetrahedron which is usually assumed to correspond to the ground state of ¹⁸O. There is no sharp minimum in the energy of the ground state of ¹⁶O in the α-cluster model suggesting that the ground state must be a mixture of α-clusters, or that it is important to treat the cluster co-ordinates as dynamical variables.     

α-Cluster Optical Potential Model of <Superscript>40</Superscript>Ca

Elastic scattering of α + ⁴⁰Ca is analyzed in the framework of the optical model. We adopted an independent α-cluster model to generate the α-cluster and matter density of ⁴⁰Ca. We proposed a parametrized form for the α-cluster density and fixed its parameters according to the available experimental data about the α-particle and ⁴⁰Ca nuclei. The obtained α-cluster density of ⁴⁰Ca is used to generate the real part of the optical potential. The single folding procedure is used to generate this real optical potential with two different effective α–α interactions. The real calculated potential supplied with an imaginary Woods–Saxon squared potential is used to analyze 20 sets of experimental data in the energy range between 18 and 166 MeV. We found that our model is successful in reproducing the data for energies above 40 MeV and still doubtful for lower energies.     

Interaction of intermediate-energy protons with <Superscript>20</Superscript>Ne and <Superscript>24</Superscript>Mg nuclei within the multiple-scattering model

Observables of the elastic and inelastic scattering of 800- and 250-MeV protons on ²⁰Ne and ²⁴Mg nuclei were calculated on the basis of the theory of multiple diffractive scattering and the dispersive α-cluster model. The ²⁰Ne and ²⁴Mg nuclei were assumed to consist of a core (¹⁶O nucleus) and additional alpha-particle clusters, which could be situated with the highest probability both in the vicinity of the center of mass of the core and outside the core. The multiparticle densities of these nuclei and single-particle nucleon-distribution densities as obtained from the dispersive α-cluster model were used in the calculations. The differential cross sections and polarizations for elastic and inelastic p ²⁰Ne and p ²⁴Mg scattering at the energy of 800 MeV are in better agreement with experimental data than the analogous calculations at the energy of 250 MeV. The spin-rotation functions calculated in the singleparticle approximation for elastic p ²⁰Ne and p ²⁴Mg scattering at these two energy values differ qualitatively from their counterparts calculated on the basis of the dispersive α-cluster model.     

改进的Glauber模型对奇异核反应总截面数据的拟合

利用Glauber模型对奇异核的反应总截面进行计算时,对模型进行了有限程修正和库仑修正,并对奇异核输入的密度采用了核芯加价核子的形式,使得理论与实验在中高能下都得到了很好的符合.     

Inclusion of the spin-orbit force in an α-cluster model

A simplified treatment is proposed to take into account the effect of the spin-orbit force within the framework of the conventional α-cluster model for light nuclei. It is very important for a study of the stability of α-cluster structure in light nuclei to include the effect of the spin-orbit force, but it has been considered that its inclusion is not so easy because (0s)⁴ internal states are usually assumed for α-clusters in the model. The proposed method introduces states with [44…431] spatial symmetry by means of an operator which is just equal to a one-body spin-orbit potential. The method is applied to a 3α cluster model for ¹²C.     

Giant resonances in exotic spherical nuclei within the RPA approach with the Gogny force

Theoretical results for giant resonances in the three doubly magic exotic nuclei ⁷⁸Ni, ¹⁰⁰Sn and ¹³²Sn are obtained from Hartree-Fock (HF) plus Random Phase Approximation (RPA) calculations using the D1S parameterization of the Gogny two-body effective interaction. Special attention is paid to full consistency between the HF field and the RPA particle-hole residual interaction. The results for the exotic nuclei, on average, appear similar to those of stable ones, especially for quadrupole and octupole states. More exotic systems have to be studied in order to confirm such a trend. The low energy of the monopole resonance in ⁷⁸Ni suggests that the compression modulus in this neutron-rich nucleus is lower than the one of stable ones.