聚合物纳米杂化材料的控制合成、自组装及功能化

聚合物纳米杂化材料的制备及功能化是当前国际前沿研究课题之一.特殊结构的聚合物可以通过分子间特殊相互作用,在纳米尺度上自发地组装成具有特殊结构和形态的集合体,这类材料在新材料、电子以及生物医学等领域具有广泛的应用前景.本文介绍国内外,特别是厦门大学在双亲性分子及嵌段共聚物的模板自组装、基于POSS单体纳米构筑单元以及POSS嵌段聚合物自组装的有机/无机纳米杂化材料、模板控制导电高分子材料纳米形态构筑等领域材料的可控合成和组装,与此同时对相关材料的性能及功能化应用进行了简要的讨论.     

Matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation of polyimide thin films and the XPS study

Compared with the traditional thin film techniques, the matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE) technique has many advantages in the deposition of polymer and organic thin films. It has a wide range of applications in many fields, such as non-linear optics, luminescent devices, electronics, various sensors. We have successfully deposited polyimide thin films by using the MAPLE technique. These films were characterized with XPS. The XPS spectra showed that the single-photon effect is ob-vious at low laser fluence and the chemical bonds will be broken, resulting in decomposition of the films. Contrarily, the single-photon effect will decrease and the multi-photon effect and the photothermal effect will increase at high laser fluence, resulting in the protection of the structure of the polyimide thin films and the obvious decrease in decomposition. High laser fluence is more suitable for the deposition of polymer and organic thin films than low laser fluence.     

Theoretical studies on the optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes in parabolic quantum dots in the presence of electric and magnetic fields

The optical absorption coefficients and the changes in the refractive index in GaAs/AlGaAs parabolic quantum dots(QDs) with applied electric and magnetic fields are studied in detail. Analytical expressions for the linear and nonlinear intersubband absorption coefficients and refractive index changes are obtained by using a compact density matrix approach and an iterative procedure. Finally, the calculated results show the incident optical intensity, the frequencies of the confined potential of the QDs and the applied electric and magnetic fields have a great influence on the optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes in this system.     

TibetⅡ/HD阵列寻找来自蟹状星云的TeVγ射线

羊八井二期阵列(TibetⅡ)和加密阵列HD(HighDensity)分别从1995年和1996年成功地运行以来,已经积累了大量的数据.报道了利用TibetⅡ在1995年10月至1997年9月、HD阵列在1997年2月至8月收集的数据寻找来自蟹状星云(CrabNebula)方向的10TeV和3TeVγ射线稳定发射的初步结果.分析表明,来自CrabNebula的3TeVγ射线的累积信号事例数显示了稳定增长的趋势,显著性达到了3.2σ,但没有发现10TeV和30TeVγ射线稳定发射的迹象.     

An Ultra-Broadband Single-Polarization Single-Mode Photonic Crystal Fibre

An ultra broadband single-polarization single-mode （SPSM） photonic crystal fibre （PCF） is proposed and analysed by using the plane-wave expansion method and the beam propagation method. Numerical results demonstrate that the SPSM wavelength region nearly at 580 nm in width from 1. 461μm to 2.041μm is obtained in this PCF. The start wavelength of the SPSM region is close to the hole pitch, and the width of the SPSM region increases with the increasing hole pitch. Effects of dopant concentration on SPSM properties are investigated. The confinement loss decreases and the width of SPSM region widens slightly with the increasing dopant concentration. These results offer a new possibility of fabricating active doped SPSM PCFs with high performance that is crucial for improving the performance of linearly polarized fibre lasers.     

Third-harmonic generation in cubical quantum dots

Third-harmonic generation (THG) for cubical quantum dots (CQDs) with an applied electric field is theoretically investigated in the framework of the compact-density-matrix approach and an iterative method. The confined wave functions and energies of electrons in the CQDs are calculated in the effective-mass approximation. Numerical calculations are presented for typical GaAs/AlAs CQDs. The results demonstrate that the THG strongly depends on the length of the CQDs and the magnitude of the electric field. Also, the peaks shift towards the higher energy region with increasing electric field.     

Search for TeV Gamma Rays from the Crab Nebula with Tibet Ⅱ/HD AS Array

A lot of data has been accumulated with Tibet Ⅱand HD AS array operated successfully since October of 1995 and 1996,respectivley. The preliminary results of searching for steady TeV gamma ray emissions from Crab Nebula with these data were presented in this paper. Analysis shows that the accumulative excess events of steady 3TeV gamma ray emissions from Crab Nebula was increasing stably and the statistical significance reached 3.2σ, whereas no statistical significant evidence of steady 10TeV and 30TeV gamma ray emissions was found.     

Third-harmonic generation in asymmetric coupled quantum wells

The third-harmonic generation (THG) in asymmetric coupled quantum wells (ACQWs) for different values of the well parameter Δ$\Delta$ and width of barrier (_WB)$\left(W_B\right)$ are theoretically studied. The analytical expression of the third-harmonic generation is derived by using the compact density-matrix approach and the iterative method. Finally, the numerical calculations are presented for typical GaAs/Al_xGa_1−xAs asymmetric coupled quantum wells. Results obtained show that the third-harmonic generation in the asymmetric coupled quantum wells can be importantly modified by the parameter Δ$\Delta$ and _WB$W_B$. Moreover, third-harmonic generation also depends on the relaxation rate of the asymmetric coupled quantum wells.     

10TeVγ射线的星系际红外背景光子吸收现象的研究

TeVγ射线在星系际空间传播过程中将与红外背景光子作用而被衰减或吸收.大气ˇC成像望远镜实验观测到了Mrk421和Mrk501处于活动高态时的TeVγ射线发射并测出它们的能谱.报道了利用TibetⅡ/HD阵列在1995年10月至1997年至8月收集的数据,通过Mrk421和Mrk501的能谱研究星系际红外背景光子吸收现象的初步结果.结果显示:直到30TeV能区尚未观测到Mrk421和Mrk501能谱中存在统计上具有显著意义的红外背景光子吸收10TeVγ射线的现象.     

用羊八井太阳宇宙线探测装置对太阳耀斑中子的初步探测

羊八井的地理优势特别适合于对太阳耀斑中子的观测.中日双方合作在羊八井建造了太阳中子望远镜和中子监测器,准备在第23太阳活动周的峰年到来之际,对太阳耀斑中子进行观测.设备于1998年10月开始采集数据,并在1998年11月28日观察到伴随一次X3.3级耀斑的计数超出.本文报道初步的探测结果.