康铜丝热膨胀性能研究

基于热弹性理论 ,对给定温度下康铜丝热膨胀性能进行了数值计算 ,给出其位移及热应力 ,这些结果与文献中相应的实验结果基本一致。     

准分子激光辐照K9玻璃的热力效应分析

基于传热学理论, 利用有限元法对KrF准分子激光辐照K9玻璃样品中的热力效应进行了数值分析, 并比较了脉冲数目和重频对损伤效果的影响。研究表明, 较低的准分子激光能量就能够使K9玻璃在表面和体内产生热应力损伤, 热应力损伤在光斑区域内主要由压缩热应力控制, 在光斑边缘和材料内部则主要由拉伸热应力控制。在激光脉冲结束时刻, 产生的温度和热应力最大, 且热应力以热冲击波的形式在材料内传播, 随时间变化而来回振荡, 逐渐减弱。这种热应力的反复冲击会对材料产生持续的损伤增长效应, 增加了材料的损伤时间, 并使材料更容易断裂。脉冲数目和重复频率对损伤效果有着较大影响, 在高重复频率下, 损伤累积效应明显。     

序列尖峰脉冲激光对铝板熔融热-力效应研究

 本文用金相显微和扫描电镜诊断技术，对序列尖峰脉冲准连续激光束辐照LY12CZ和LF6M铝合金板材，产生激光热熔融与激光热应力效应，使照射区板材引生激光烧蚀池和许多断裂裂纹，造成材料断裂破坏的机理，进行了研究。给出了激光热应力、裂纹扩展应力与照射激光强度的变化关系和研究结果。     

脉冲强激光辐照下材料响应的非傅里叶效应

 研究了在多脉冲强激光辐照下靶材的热传导与热冲击特性。基于非傅里叶导热定律和热弹性理论,推导出多脉冲激光辐照下靶材温度场和热应力场的解析式;结合适当的边界条件,以不锈钢靶材为例,利用有限差分法和Matlab计算得到了多脉冲强激光辐照下靶材内部过余温度随时间和深度演化情况以及内部热应力的演化规律。计算结果表明：多脉冲激光辐照下靶材热响应在离边界不同截面处温度波形变化出现延迟性,其滞后性能与弛豫时间有关;非傅里叶解中应力波的波前十分陡峭,具有明显的热冲击性。     

光学树脂镜头的温度效应研究

基于应力光学定律和弹性热应力理论,导出双折射的光程差与主应力差之间的关系。利用光学弹性仪进行了实验测试,研究了温度变化下应力对树脂光学镜头成像质量的影响。从28℃～68℃的温度范围内,实验获得了树脂镜头的热应力等色线和不同温度、静置情况下的树脂镜头的热应力等色线干涉条纹的图像。得出结论：温度变化在树脂镜头中产生热应力,但不会产生应力集中,在温度恢复时没有残余应力,在40℃的温度变化内不会影响光学树脂镜头的成像质量。     

光子器件激光封装中热致角度偏移的降低

对光电子器件激光封装中光纤准直器的热致角度偏移进行了实验研究和理论分析.设计了一种新型的拱形焊接支承架,并对其热稳定性进行了测试.测试结果表明,在加载十个连续的温度循环周期后,其角度偏移为0.01°,而在同样的测试条件下,传统的鞍形支承架的角度偏移达到0.023°.采用非线性热—应力耦合有限元模型对封装结构中热应力的变化、残余应力的分布以及准直器角度偏移进行分析.理论分析结果与实验结果极好地吻合.进一步的理论计算得到新型拱形支承架的饱和热致角度偏移为0.043°,与传统鞍形支承架的0.065°相比得到了较大的降低.     

基于三维有限元法模拟分析六面顶顶锤的热应力

以有限元法为理论分析手段模拟分析了国产六面顶压机配套顶锤内部的温度场和热应力分布.探寻出了XKY-6×2000 MN型六面顶压机顶锤内部的温度场分布以及热应力取值.模拟结果表明加热顶锤内部温度分布不均匀,不均匀的温度分布产生了热剪切应力,热剪切应力峰值达到0.62 GPa,分布在41.5°小斜面上.加热顶锤内部的剪切应力值较非加热锤内部的剪切应力值高出18.0％.模拟分析结果与金刚石的高压合成实验事实相符,在理论上解释了加热顶锤使用寿命较非加热顶锤使用寿命短的原因,此项工作对于提高大顶锤使用寿命,降低生产 关键词： 热应力 顶锤 有限元法 工业金刚石     

LDA侧面抽运棒状激光器热透镜效应的有限单元法分析

建立了激光二极管阵列端面抽运棒状激光介质的数值模型.考虑到介质与空气的对流换热和介质的热力学参量随温度的变化,根据经典热传导方程和热弹性方程,运用有限单元法,得出了棒状介质内瞬态温度、热应力和应变的分布.分析了热透镜焦距随抽运功率的变化规律,所得的规律与有关文献相符合.理论分析结果可为激光二极管阵列抽运固体激光器的结构优化设计和实验提供理论参考.     

LDA侧面抽运棒状激光器热透镜效应的有限单元法分析

建立了激光二极管阵列端面抽运棒状激光介质的数值模型.考虑到介质与空气的对流换热和介质的热力学参量随温度的变化,根据经典热传导方程和热弹性方程,运用有限单元法,得出了棒状介质内瞬态温度、热应力和应变的分布.分析了热透镜焦距随抽运功率的变化规律,所得的规律与有关文献相符合.理论分析结果可为激光二极管阵列抽运固体激光器的结构优化设计和实验提供理论参考.     

波段外脉冲激光对锗透镜热冲击效应的数值与实验研究

基于热传导及热弹性力学的基本关系式,建立了激光辐照锗透镜的热力耦合数学物理模型,对瞬态热传导方程和应力平衡方程进行有限元数值求解,得到了锗透镜的温度场和应力场分布,并利用波长1.06 μm,脉冲宽度10 ns的Nd∶YAG脉冲激光对锗透镜进行了热冲击实验研究.数值分析表明,热应力损伤在锗透镜的脉冲强激光损伤中占据主导地位,在短脉冲激光辐照下,锗透镜出现热应力损伤的激光能量密度小于出现熔融损伤的激光能量密度,热应力损伤主要集中在光斑中心区域并体现为压应力损伤,将使材料表面出现裂纹或剥落,实验结果与数值分析基本相符.     

双包层光纤激光器的受激拉曼散射与热应力

 建立了高功率掺镱双包层光纤激光器的速率方程模型与热应力模型，对影响受激拉曼散射效应和热应力效应的关键参数（如纤芯半径、光纤长度、泵浦波长、泵浦方式）进行了数值模拟。结果表明:对于较小的纤芯半径，光纤内的斯托克斯光功率较大且增长迅速，因此增加纤芯半径能有效减弱受激拉曼散射效应；减小光纤长度能提高受激拉曼散射的阈值，而纤芯的热应力也增大，因此在不出现热应力引起光纤断裂的情况下，可以减小光纤长度以提高输出功率；采用976 nm波段泵浦源能提高输出功率，降低热应力的影响；两端均匀泵浦方式可以有效降低纤芯热应力，同时维持高功率输出。     

Nanoscale laser-induced spallation in SiO2 films containing gold nanoparticles

A phenomenological theory of ultraviolet pulsed-laser-induced spallation is proposed to interpret crater formation in SiO₂ thin films containing absorbing 18.5-nm gold particles. The theory considers a spherical thermoacoustic stress wave propagating from a thermal source produced by laser-energy absorption inside the particle and surrounding ionized volume. Calculations show that the tensile stress associated with such an acoustic wave may exceed the local strength of the material and cause fracture and spallation of the top film portion. The theory provides an explanation of the experimentally observed complex (two-cone) shape of craters formed in the film with particle-lodging depth exceeding 110 nm. Theoretical estimates for the threshold stress amplitude and peak temperature in the thermal source are in qualitative agreement with the experimental observations. PACS 61.80.Ba; 42.70.-a; 52.38.Mf     

熔石英表面热致应力对激光损伤行为影响的研究

为了研究热致应力对光学元件损伤特性的影响,通过实验测试退火处理消除热应力和未消热应力石英基片的激光损伤特性,研究了热致应力对石英元件初始损伤阈值、损伤增长阈值以及损伤增长规律的影响.结果表明,热致应力对熔石英光学元件的初始损伤阈值有影响,初始损伤阈值随着热致应力增大而降低;热致应力会加剧激光引发的损伤增长,相同的激光通量下,表面应力越大的区域拥有越高的损伤增长因子,但损伤增长仍遵从指数增长规律.热致应力对损伤增长阈值没有明显的影响.本文的研究将为CO2激光预处理工艺能否被应用于大口径光学元件提供一个必要的技术参考.     

Thermal and mechanical damage of GaAs in picosecond regime

An in-depth study of the single pulse and multiple pulse laser (35 ps, 10 Hz and 1064 nm) damage for threshold fluence and greater fluence of GaAs 1 0 0 single crystal is presented. Damage which starts at a power 2×10¹¹ W/cm² in the form of pits occurs due to accumulation of laser induced microscopic defects. Effect of multiple pulse at first makes the pits more prominent in the form of Ga emission. Then the topmost layer is removed. If the number of pulses is further increased new pits are formed in the new surface (beneath the removed surface) and the above process is repeated. The thermal model is sufficient to explain this morphology. However, for larger fluences, a large cracking and fracture and the possibility of both Ga and As emission in different ratios suggest that mechanical damage is a dominant feature for higher fluences which arises due to generation of shock waves and rapid vaporization of material. Damage threshold has been calculated with the help of the thermal model given by Meyer et al. which is in good agreement with our experimental results.     

On the effect of the geometrical shape of a particle on threshold energy in erosion damage

The structural-temporal approach is used for analyzing the energy required for fracture. The behaviors of the threshold fracture energy in the impact of spherical and cylindrical particles against an elastic half-space are compared. It is shown that the threshold energy minimum can be attained using spherical particles. The plots of the dependence of the threshold energy on the impact duration and on the particle radius are constructed for the cases under investigation.     

Effect of electric field,stress and environment on delayed fracture of a PZT-5 ferroelectric ceramic

The combined effect of electric and mechanical loading on fracture of a PZT-5 ferroelectric ceramic in silicone oil has been investigated using a single edge notched specimen. The results show that the fracture toughness and the threshold stress intensity factor of delayed fracture in silicone oil, i.e. stress corrosion cracking, decrease linearly with the increasing applied electric field, either positive or negative. For the PZT-5 ferroelectric ceramics, delayed fracture in silicone oil under sustained positive or negative field can occur, and the threshold field for delayed fracture under sustained positive or negative field decreases linearly with applied stress intensity factor. The combined effect of electric and mechanical loading on delayed fracture in silicone oil includes field-enhancing delayed fracture under sustained load and stress-enhancing delayed fracture in silicone oil under sustained field.     

Threshold power of induced thermal scattering in silica microcavities

The threshold power of Iaser-induced thermal scattering in a high-Q spherical silica microcavity is investigated theoretically as a function of diffraction parameter and the laser pump wavelength for twomode coupling. The threshold power is found to be comparable in order of magnitude with the threshold of Raman lasing and thermal instability in spherical silica microcavities and amounts to 100 fuW for a resonator with a radius of 35 fu m at a pump wavelength of 0.840 fu m. This ensures the application of microcavities as high-sensitive tools for measuring temperature, thermal conductivity, and heat capacity and as stabilizers for microlasers.     

Hybrid linear amplifier-involved detection for continuous variable quantum key distribution with thermal states

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution(CVQKD) can be integrated with thermal states for short-distance wireless quantum communications. However, its performance is usually restricted with the practical thermal noise. We propose a method to improve the security threshold of thermal-state(TS) CVQKD by employing a heralded hybrid linear amplifier(HLA) at the receiver. We find the effect of thermal noise on the HLA-involved scheme in near-and-mid infrared band or terahertz band for direct and reverse reconciliation. Numerical simulations show that the HLA-involved scheme can compensate for the detriment of thermal noise and hence increase the security threshold of TS-CVQKD. In near-and-mid infrared band, security threshold can be extended by 2.1 dB in channel loss for direct reconciliation and 1.6 dB for reverse reconciliation, whereas in terahertz band, security threshold can be slightly enhanced for the gain parameter less than 1 due to the rise in thermal noise.     

Molecular dynamic study of fracture in 2D disordered elastic Lennard-Jones solids

The time-dependent deformation of a solid under stress is studied by molecular dynamics in a continuum, starting with atoms randomly distributed on a triangular lattice. The stress needed for fracture seems to vanish and the time to complete fracture seems to diverge at the percolation threshold, whereas the elastic modulus vanishes at a different concentration.