氘核的相对论波函数

假设氘核的相对论波函数满足场论中的Bethe-Salpeter方程,在质心系瞬时作用的近似下推导了氘核波函数所满足的耦合方程,并简单的讨论了氘核波函数的一些性质。瞬时作用的引进给波函数的旋量结构以很强的限制使波函数分量的数目减少了,并且把求解四维空间B-S方程的问题化为在质心系三维空间中的求解,物理意义明确便于计算和讨论。定性估计给出与S波相比P波约是(?)量级的一个小量。     

一类环状非球谐振子势场中相对论粒子的束缚态解

提出了一种新的环状非球谐振子势, 在标量势与矢量势相等的条件下，给出了其Klein-Gordon方程和Dirac方程的束缚态解. Klein-Gordon方程的θ角向波函数以超几何函数表示，径向波函数可用合流超几何函数或广义拉盖尔多项式表示，能谱方程由径向波函数满足的束缚态边界条件得到. Dirac方程的旋量波函数可用Klein-Gordon方程的解构造. 关键词： 环状非球谐振子势 Klein-Gordon方程 Dirac方程 束缚态     

库仑势加新环形势的相对论束缚态

在标量势等于矢量势的条件下，获得了库仑势加新环形势的Klein-Gordon方程和Dirac方程的束缚态的精确解. 对于Klein-Gordon方程，获得了精确的能谱方程和归一化的波函数. 对于Dirac方程，给出了精确的能谱方程和归一化的旋量波函数. 关键词： 库仑势加新环形势 束缚态 精确解     

一个引入规范场的方法

通常关于规范场的讨论是以波函数为基础进行的。用这个方法研究旋量粒子在引力场中的行为时,遇到了波函数在广义座标变换下为标量的著名问题。本文提出以代数结构,Lie代数或Jordan代数为基础讨论规范场的方法,引入了一个代数表示群的概念,把波函数的表示问题同表示群联系起来,表示群可以是整体的,也可以是定域的,分别与波函数的整体和定域交换相对应。按照这种方法研究规范场的问题发现,对于杨-Mills场这类涉及内部自由度的问题,给出的结果和常规的方法一致。借助于改变代数结构对旋量粒子引进引力,发现象Weyl所用的vierbein不再出现,波函数也不再表现为标量,而是以和Dirac理论相一致的方式进行变换。进一步的问题也作了讨论。     

局部坐标系中的旋量球函数及算子

本文给出了各种表象的旋量球函数在局部坐标系中的表达式及其与固定坐标式的联系,并用此式讨论了光子、电子、双光子系波函数的各种性质。利用梯度算子及无穷小转动算子在局部系中的联系将旋量方程分离变量,得到了梯度公式。最后在局部系中探讨了散射问题,计算了γ跃迁的角向积分。 关键词：     

赝标介子的唯象模型(Ⅰ)

本文基于场论中的旋量-旋量Bethe-Salpeter方程(以下简称B-S方程),提出了一种满足相对论协变性要求的强子间的唯象平底势。并计算得到了在动量中的0^-介子波函数。 关键词：     

瞬时相互作用近似下介子结构波函数的一些探讨(Ⅰ)——瞬时相互作用下介子波函数的一般性质

本文从一对正反费米子结合成束缚态的Bethe-Salpeter方程(以下简称B-S方程)出发,假定正反层子间相互作用可以近似地用质心系瞬时相互作用描写,得到的主要结论如下:(1)B-S方程的求解可归结为在质心系三维空间内进行。描写赝标介子和矢量介子的波函数独立旋量分量的个数分别由4个和8个减少为2个和4个;(2)如果相互作用是空间球对称的,其旋量结构是对角耦合,从赝标介子方程中可以直接看到,束缚态质量作为本征值在方程中是以平方形式出现,同时又可避免四维方程中负激发的困难;(3)在瞬时相互作用近似下给出的结构波函数,可以用来研究束缚态的质量谱和只涉及质心系的过程。     

赝标介子的唯象模型（I)

本文基于场论中的旋量一旋量Bethe-Sapeter 方程(以下简称B-S 方程), 提出了一种满足相对论协变性要求的强子间的唯象平底势.并计算得到了在动量中的O-介子波函数. 关键词：     

用磁共振方法验证自旋1/2核的旋量性

一、引 言 在空间旋转变换下,变换后的量子系统波函数｜φ'〉与原来波函数｜φ'〉的关系为式中Iz为组成量子系统的粒子自旋在空间转轴。方向的分量算符,θ为绕z轴的转角,可见变换后的波函数与粒子自旋有关.对费密子,当θ=2π时,旋转后的波函数附加相位因子-1,只有再旋转2π时波函数才恢复原值,即费密子具有空间旋转的4π对称性(或称旋量性).对玻色子,当θ=2π时,波函数复原,即具有空间旋转的2π对称性. 费密子的旋量性在理论上早已确立,然而其直接的实验验证直至近几年才完成.旋量性的验证涉及波函数相位的测量,有一类观测量的平均值表式中…     

瞬时相互作用近似下介子结构波函数的一些探讨(Ⅱ) 赝标介子和矢量介子的谐振子模型

本文在文献[1]基础上讨论由一对正反层子组成的介子结构波函数。假定层子质量很重,相互作用是谐振子位阱,旋量耦合方式符合一定的要求,则可以普遍给出以下结果:(1)自动给出质量谱的平方等距关系,又可以避免通常谐振子基态能级过高的困难;(2)如果层子原始弱流为V-A型,层子原始电磁流无反常磁矩项,可以解决赝标介子二体轻子衰变Cabibbo角的不谐调和矢量介子衰变到e~ e~-几率比的困难;(3)只要在相互作用中引入很小比例的SU(3)破坏项,就足以解释现有介子质量的SU(3)分裂。这就对为什么K-π质量差3.5倍却在许多情况下表现有相当好的SU(3)对称性给以一个合理解释;(4)方程的展开和波函数都有较好的近似性;(5)介子中层子反层子分布半径与现有关于介子电磁半径的实验量级是可以谐调的;(6)介子结构波函数的旋量结构和动量结构都是完全确定的。     

瞬时相互作用近似下介子结构波函数的一些探讨(Ⅱ)——赝标介子和矢量介子的谐振子模型

本文在文献[1]基础上讨论由一对正反层子组成的介子结构波函数。假定层子质量很重,相互作用是谐振子位阱,旋量耦合方式符合一定的要求,则可以普遍给出以下结果:(1)自动给出质量谱的平方等距关系,又可以避免通常谐振子基态能级过高的困难;(2)如果层子原始弱流为V-A型,层子原始电磁流无反常磁矩项,可以解决赝标介子二体轻子衰变Cabibbo角的不谐调和矢量介子衰变到e⁺e^-几率比的困难;(3)只要在相互作用中引入很小比例的SU(3)破坏项,就足以解释现有介子质量的SU(3)分裂。这就对为什么K-π质量差3.5倍却在许多情况下表现有相当好的SU(3)对称性给以一个合理解释;(4)方程的展开和波函数都有较好的近似性;(5)介子中层子反层子分布半径与现有关于介子电磁半径的实验量级是可以谐调的;(6)介子结构波函数的旋量结构和动量结构都是完全确定的。     

THE WAVE FUNCTION OF VECTOR MESON BOUND STATE THROUGH SCALAR COUPLING

The wave function of the vector bound state of a spinor straton-antistraton pair through scalar coupling is discussed.The Bethe-Salpeter equation of the bound state is solved numerically,and the structural wave functions of the vector bound state are given corresponding to different selection of the parametcrs of the kernel. The magnitude of various invariant functions of the wave function is determined. The validity of the Bargman-Wigner approximation is also examined.     

The symmetry,inferable from Bogoliubov transformation,between processes induced by a mirror in two-dimensional and a charge in four-dimensional space-time

We consider the symmetry between creation of pairs of massless bosons or fermions by an accelerated mirror in (1+1)-dimensional space and emission of single photons or scalar quanta by an electric or scalar charge in (3+1)-dimensional space. The relation of Bogoliubov coefficients describing the processes generated by a mirror to Fourier components of the current or charge density implies that the spin of any disturbances bilinear in the scalar or spinor field coincides with the spin of quanta emitted by the electric or scalar charge. The mass and invariant momentum transfer of these disturbances are essential for the relation of Bogoliubov coefficients to invariant singular solutions and the Green functions of wave equations for both (1+1)-and (3+1)-dimensional spaces, and especially for the integral relations between these solutions. One of these relations leads to the coincidence of the self-action changes and vacuum-vacuum amplitudes for an accelerated mirror in two-dimensional space-time and a charge in four-dimensional space-time. Both invariants of the Lorentz group, spin and mass, play an essential role in the established symmetry. The symmetry embraces not only the processes of real quanta radiation, but also the processes of the mirror and charge interactions with fields carrying spacelike momenta. These fields accompany their sources and determine the Bogoliubov matrix coefficients α _ω′ω ^{B, F} . It is shown that the Lorentz-invariant traces ±trα^B,F describe the vector and scalar interactions of the accelerated mirror with a uniformly moving detector. This interpretation rests essentially on the relation between propagators of the waves with spacelike momenta in two-and four-dimensional spaces. The traces ±trα^{B, F} coincide with the products of the mass shift Δm_{1, 0} of the accelerated electric or scalar charge and the proper time of the shift formation. The symmetry fixes the value of the bare fine structure constant α₀=1/4π.     

On analytic formulas of Feynman propagators in position space

We correct an inaccurate result of previous work on the Feynman propagator in position space of a free Dirac field in(3+1)-dimensional spacetime; we derive the generalized analytic formulas of both the scalar Feynman propagator and the spinor Feynman propagator in position space in arbitrary(D+1)-dimensional spacetime; and we further find a recurrence relation among the spinor Feynman propagator in(D+l)-dimensional spacetime and the scalar Feynman propagators in(D+1)-,(D-1)-and(D+3)-dimensional spacetimes.     

Quantization of bag-like solitons

The method of collective coordinates is used to quantize bag-like solitons formed by scalar and spinor fields. This method leads to approximate wave functions for quarks in the bag that are and spinor fields. This method leads to approximate wave functions for quarks in the bag that are orthogonal to the translation modes. Solutions are given for the MIT bag limit of the fields.     

Vector-spinor space and field equations

Generalizing the work of Einstein and Mayer, it is assumed that at each point of space-time there exists a vector-spinor space with N_v vector dimensions and N_s spinor dimensions, where N_v=2k and N_s=2 ^k, k3. This space is decomposed into a tangent space with4 vector and4 spinor dimensions and an internal space with N_v–4 vector and N_s–4 spinor dimension. A variational principle leads to field equations for geometric quantities which can be identified with physical fields such as the electromagnetic field, Yang-Mills gauge fields, and wave functions of bosons and fermions.     

Bound-state solutions of the Dirac-Rosen-Morse potential with spin and pseudospin symmetry<Superscript>⋆</Superscript>

The energy spectra and the corresponding two-component spinor wave functions of the Dirac equation for the Rosen-Morse potential with spin and pseudospin symmetry are obtained. The s -wave ( k \kappa = 0 state) solutions for this problem are obtained by using the basic concept of the supersymmetric quantum mechanics approach and function analysis (standard approach) in the calculations. Under the spin symmetry and pseudospin symmetry, the energy equation and the corresponding two-component spinor wave functions for this potential and other special types of this potential are obtained. The extension of this result to the k \kappa 1 \neq 0 state is suggested.     

Chiral symmetry breaking and meson decays in a relativistic quark model

Applying two different Lorentz-covariant quark models, one of them being essentially nonrelativistic, chiral symmetry breaking parameters of strong interaction will be calculated. Also attention will be paid to meson decays. The model retaining relativistic spinor structure for quark-antiquark wave functions turns out to be more appropriate than the nonrelativistic one.     

Spinor Wave Equation of Electromagnetic Field

In this paper, we give two spinor wave equations of free electromagnetic field, corresponding to the reducibility and irreducibility representations D ¹⁰+D ⁰¹ and D ¹⁰ of the proper Lorentz group, which are the differential equations of space-time one order. The spinor equations are covariant and are equivalent to Maxwell equations.