大气中HCO+和COH+异构体的动力学研究

使用经典轨迹法研究了离子型平行络合反应H+(1Sg)+C O(X1Σ+,V=0,1;J=0)→HCO+(X1Σ+)或COH+(X1Σ +)。该两反应均无阈能,络合物寿命较短,一般为7.0×10-12 sec左右,有效络合 反应能区较窄。当CO(X1Σ+)的V=0时,HCO+(X1Σ+)有相对较 宽的优势产物区,电负性和能量是决定优势产物的主要因素;当CO(X1Σ+)的V=1 时,COH+(X1Σ+)有相对较窄的优势产物区,角动量是主要因素。     

HeH~+分子X~1∑~+、A~1∑~+和a~3∑~+态的势能函数与光谱常数研究

以Aug-cc-pVDZ、Aug-cc-pVTZ、Aug-cc-pVQZ和Aug-cc-pV5Z为基函数,分别采用组态相互作用(CI)和完全活性空间自洽场(CASSCF)方法对HeH~+的X~1∑~+、A~1∑~+和a~3∑~+态的平衡结构、离解能、绝热跃迁能、谐振频率和势能曲线进行了计算.并选用Murrell-S0rbie势能函数对势能曲线进行拟合,利用拟合的参数值计算出了力常数和光谱数据.结果表明以Aug-cc-pV5Z为基函数,采用CI方法的计算值与实验值和其它理论结果吻合较好.     

BeF~+离子电子态的光谱常数研究

采用从头计算方法(Ab)研究BeF~+离子的光谱性质.在icMRCI+Q/Q5+CV+DK的理论水平下计算得到了BeF~+离子的16个态的势能曲线,为了提高精确度,对势能曲线进行核价相关修正及相对论修正两种修正计算,画出了16个态的势能曲线图.拟合势能曲线得到其光谱常数(D_e,T_e,R_e,ω_e,ω_ex_e,ω_ey_e,B_e,α_e和β_e).分别计算了各个振动态对应的的振动能级.     

氢化氙离子XeH+基态X1S+解析势能函数的变分研究

采用双原子分子离子XY+的能量自洽法(Energy-consistent -method for ion XY+, ECMI)研究了氢化氙离子XeH+基态X1S+的解析势能函数,并与解析形式的Morse势和Huxley- Murrell-Sorbie（HMS）势、耦合电子对方法(coupled electron pair approximation method, CEPA)的结果和基于实验的Rydberg-Klein-Ress（RKR）数据进行了比较。结果表明,由ECMI方法得到的解析势能函数ECMI势明显优于Morse势和HMS势,与理论方法的结果和RKR数据符合得很好,并能得到CEPA和RKR非法缺乏的离解区和渐近区的势能数据以及正确的离解极限,而正确的全程势能数据对研究各种散射问题都是非常必要的。     

氢化氙离子XeH+基态X1S+解析势能函数的变分研究

采用双原子分子离子XY+的能量自洽法(Energy-consistent -method for ion XY+, ECMI)研究了氢化氙离子XeH+基态X1S+的解析势能函数,并与解析形式的Morse势和Huxley- Murrell-Sorbie（HMS）势、耦合电子对方法(coupled electron pair approximation method, CEPA)的结果和基于实验的Rydberg-Klein-Ress（RKR）数据进行了比较。结果表明,由ECMI方法得到的解析势能函数ECMI势明显优于Morse势和HMS势,与理论方法的结果和RKR数据符合得很好,并能得到CEPA和RKR非法缺乏的离解区和渐近区的势能数据以及正确的离解极限,而正确的全程势能数据对研究各种散射问题都是非常必要的。     

BeF~+离子电子态的光谱常数研究

采用从头计算方法(Ab)研究BeF~+离子的光谱性质.在icMRCI+Q/Q5+CV+DK的理论水平下计算得到了BeF~+离子的16个态的势能曲线,为了提高精确度,对势能曲线进行核价相关修正及相对论修正两种修正计算,画出了16个态的势能曲线图.拟合势能曲线得到其光谱常数(D_e,T_e,R_e,ω_e,ω_ex_e,ω_ey_e,B_e,α_e和β_e).分别计算了各个振动态对应的的振动能级.     

氢化氙离子XeH~+基态X~1∑~+解析势能函数的变分研究

采用双原子分子离子XY~+的能量自洽法(Energy-consistent-method for ion XY~+,ECMI)研究了氢化氙离子XeH~+基态X~1∑~+的解析势能函数,并与解析形式的Morse势和Huxley-Murrell-Sorbie(HMS)势、耦合电子对方法(coupled electron pair approximation method,CEPA)的结果和基于实验的Rydberg-Klein-Ress(RKR)数据进行了比较.结果表明,由ECMI方法得到的解析势能函数ECMI势明显优于Morse势和HMS势,与理论方法的结果和RKR数据符合得很好,并能得到CEPA和RKR方法缺乏的离解区和渐近区的势能数据以及正确的离解极限,而正确的全程势能数据对研究各种散射问题都是非常必要的.     

BeF~+离子电子态的光谱常数研究

采用从头计算方法(Ab)研究BeF~+离子的光谱性质.在icMRCI+Q/Q5+CV+DK的理论水平下计算得到了BeF~+离子的16个态的势能曲线,为了提高精确度,对势能曲线进行核价相关修正及相对论修正两种修正计算,画出了16个态的势能曲线图.拟合势能曲线得到其光谱常数(D_e,T_e,R_e,ω_e,ω_ex_e,ω_ey_e,B_e,α_e和β_e).分别计算了各个振动态对应的的振动能级.     

用能量自洽法研究双原子分子离子XY+的势能函数

基于能量变分思想,建立了双原子分子离子XY+势能函数的新解析形式--ECMI势.该势函数中的离子库仑作用势包含了各级高阶修正,变分可调且收敛迅速.本文用这种新的解析势能函数和离子的能量自洽法(Energy-consistent-method for ion, ECMI)研究了双原子分子离子CO+基态X2Σ+态的势能函数.结果表明,新的解析势能函数ECMI势更加适合用来描述双原子分子离子XY+的全程势能行为.     

用能量自洽法研究双原子分子离子XY+的五阶解析势能函数

将用于研究双原子分子离子XY⁺解析势能函数的能量自洽法(energy consistent method for ion XY⁺,ECMI)从三阶推广到五阶,并将双原子分子离子XY⁺的三阶解析势能函数ECMI(3)推广为五阶的解析势能函数ECMI(5),研究CO⁺的B²Σ⁺态和SO⁺的b⁴Σ^-态的解析势能函数.结果表明,CO⁺的B²Σ⁺态和SO⁺的b⁴Σ^-态的新解析势能函数ECMI(5)势与基于实验的RKR数据符合得很好,优于常用的中性双原子分子势能函数Morse势、HMS势和双原子分子离子XY⁺的ECMI(3)势在这两个离子状态下的表现.不仅如此,ECMI势给出了对原子分子碰撞等诸多研究非常重要的正确理解极限和全程势能数据.     

The molecular structure and analytical potential energy function of HCO （X^2A＇）

In this paper the equilibrium structure of HCO has been optimized by using density functional theory （DFT）/ B3P86 method and CC-PVTZ basis. It has a bent （Cs, X^2A＇） ground state structure with an angle of 124.4095 °. The vibronic frequencies and force constants have also been calculated. Based on the principles of atomic and molecular reaction statics, the possible electronic states and reasonable dissociation limits for the ground state of HCO molecule have been determined. The analytic potential energy function of HCO （X^2A＇） molecule has been derived by using the many-body expansion theory. The contour lines are constructed, which show the static properties of HCO （X^2A＇）, such as the equilibrium structure, the lowest energies, etc. The potential energy surface of HCO （X^2A＇） is reasonable and very satisfactory.     

Cl+HD反应产物的极化与态分布

利用准经典轨线理论 ,在BW 2和G3两个势能面上 ,研究了Cl +HD反应的动力学 .计算结果表明 ,产物的转动取向对势能面及反应体系的质量因子非常敏感 .在BW 2势能面上 ,计算的两个产物的转动取向强于在G3势能面上计算的结果 ,而无论是在BW 2势能面上还是在G3势能面上 ,DCl产物的取向都强于HCl产物的取向 .计算结果还表明 ,在不同的势能面上反应物的转动激发对反应的影响有着显著的不同 .在BW 2势能面上 ,反应物的初始转动激发有利于Cl+HD反应的进行 ;而在G3势能面上 ,反应物的初始转动激发消弱了反应的反应性     

高电荷态氙离子辐照下的6H碳化硅表面纳米结构变形（英）

高电荷态离子比普通的离子携带较高的势能,势能在材料表面的瞬间释放,能在材料表面形成nm量级的结构损伤。它在纳米刻蚀、小型纳米器件、纳米材料、超小尺寸半导体芯片制作、固体表面处理和固体结构分析等领域具有广泛应用前景。因此对高电荷态重离子（Xeq+）引起半导体材料表面（6H-SiC）纳米结构变形进行了研究。采用Xe18+和Xe26+离子,选取从11014到51015 ionscm-2逐渐递增的剂量,以垂直和倾斜60角两种入射方式辐照6H-SiC薄膜样品, 经原子力显微镜分析表明,辐照后的表面肿胀凸起。对于Xe18+离子辐照的样品,辐照区至未辐照区边界的台阶高度随离子剂量增加而连续增大,而对于Xe26+离子辐照的样品则先增加而后减小。在相同入射角和剂量条件下,Xe26+离子辐照样品形成的台阶高度大于Xe18+离子辐照形成的台阶高度,在相同离子和剂量的条件下,垂直照射时形成的台阶高度大于倾斜照射时形成的台阶高度。根据损伤机理和实验数据,首次初步建立了一个包括势能、电荷态、入射角和剂量等物理量的理论模型来预测高电荷态离子在半导体材料表面形成的纳米结构变形。暗示了高电荷态离子的潜在的应用价值及进一步研究的必要性。     

Synthesis and electrochemical performance of α-nickel hydroxide codoped with Al3+ and Ca2+

α-Nickel hydroxide codoped with Al³⁺ and Ca²⁺ was prepared by chemical coprecipitation method. The phase structure and surface morphology of the prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The electrochemical performances of the prepared samples were analyzed by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and charge/discharge tests. XRD and SEM tests reveal that the Al³⁺/Ca²⁺ codoped α-nickel hydroxide has a relatively good crystallization and a very coarse surface. Electrochemical tests show that the Al³⁺/Ca²⁺ codoped α-nickel hydroxide has higher proton diffusion coefficient, lower electrochemical reaction resistance, and higher discharge capacity (395.3 mAh g^?1 at 0.2 C) than the Al³⁺ singly doped α-nickel hydroxide, which indicates its potential application as an electrode material for secondary alkaline batteries.     

Effect of reagent vibrational excitation and isotope substitution on the stereo-dynamics of the Ba+HF→BaF+H reaction

Based on an extended London-Eyring-Polanyi-Sato (LEPS) potential energy surface (PES), the Ba + HF reaction has been studied by the quasi-classical trajectory (QCT) method. The reaction integral cross section as a function of collision energy for the Ba + HF → BaF + H reaction is presented and the influence of isotope substitution on the differential cross sections (DCSs) and alignments of the product's rotational angular momentum have also been studied. The results suggest that the integral cross sections increase with increasing collision energy, and the vibrational excitation of the reagent has great influence on the DCS. In addition, the product's rotational polarization is very strong as a result of heavy-heavy-light (HHL) mass combination, and the distinct effect of isotope substitution on the stereodynamics is also revealed.     

O(1D)+N2O→NO+NO反应的理论研究

应用三体模型及扩展的LEPS势能面(PES),对初始条件为(Ecol=55 kJ/mol,v=0,j=0)的O(1D)+N2O→NO+NO反应体系进行了准经典轨线(QCT)计算.根据计算结果对体系的势能面及反应机理进行详细的分析和讨论,较全面地研究了此反应体系的动力学特征.     

Study on the formation of the composite system of 238U+238U

Strongly damped reactions of 238U+238U, at Ecm = 680-1880 MeV have been studied based on the improved quantum molecular dynamics model. We find that at a certain energy region the entrance channel potential is weakly repulsive and the dissipation is very strong after touching configuration, these two effects make the time delay of re-separation for colliding system. The single particle potential well of the transiently formed composite system has Coulomb barrier about 15-20 MeV high at the surface, which makes the excited unbound protons being still embedded in the potential well and moving in a common mono-single particle potential for a period of time and thus restrains from quick decay of the composite system.     

Quantum mechanical computational studies of chemical reactions : III. Collinear A + BC reaction with some model potential energy surfaces

The effects of the location of the energy barrier and of changing vibrational frequency along the reaction path on the reaction dynamics of a collinear A + BC → AB + C reaction were studied using a series of ‘diagnostic’ model potential energy surfaces. In accord with the classical trajectory study, vibration was found markedly more effective than translation in promoting reaction on a surface with a barrier located at the exit valley, and vice versa on a surface with a barrier placed in the entry valley. Considerable vibrational population inversion in the reaction product was found for an ‘early-down-hill’-type surface with a barrier placed in the entry valley. The energy release was exceedingly speecific, particularly so for the F + H₂/F + D₂ collinear collision on a realistic surface. Resonances in reactive molecular collisions were evident whenever the static effect of changing vibrational frequency along the reaction path gave rise to the potential wells necessary to support these quasibound states.     

Woods-Saxon-Gaussian potential and alpha-cluster structures of alpha + closed shell nuclei

The Woods-Saxon-Gaussian(WSG) potential is proposed as a new phenomenological potential to systematically describe the level scheme, electromagnetic transitions, and alpha-decay half-lives of the alpha-cluster structures in various alpha + closed shell nuclei. It modifies the original Woods–Saxon(WS) potential with a shifted Gaussian factor centered at the nuclear surface. The free parameters in the WSG potential are determined by reproducing the correct level scheme of ~(212) Po=~(208) Pb+α. It is found that the resulting WSG potential matches the M3 Y double-folding potential at the surface region and makes corrections to the inner part of the cluster-core potential. It was also determined that the WSG potential, with nearly identical parameters to that of ~(212) Po(except for a rescaled radius), could also be used to describe alpha-cluster structures in ~(20) Ne =~(16) O+α and ~(44) Ti =~(40) Ca+α. In all three cases, the calculated values of the level schemes, electromagnetic transitions, and alpha-decay half-lives agree with the experimental data, which indicates that the WSG potential could indeed capture many important features of the alpha-cluster structures in alpha + closed shell nuclei. This study is a useful complement to the existing cluster-core potentials in literature. The Gaussian form factor centered at the nuclear surface might also help to improve our understanding of the alpha-cluster formation, which occurs in the same general region.     

铋膜电极电位溶出法测定水果罐头中的痕量Sn2+

研究了同位镀铋膜法制备铋膜电极测定痕量Sn2+的电位溶出法。在0.1mol/L HAc-NaAc缓冲溶液(pH 4.8)中,通过开路富集于-1.2V进行电沉积,Sn2+与Bi3+被还原为单质富集于电极表面,在铋膜电极的电催化作用下再进行电位溶出,于-0.61V左右单质锡被氧化为Sn2+获得一灵敏的氧化溶出峰,其浓度与峰值成线性关系,线性范围为0.1—5.0mg/L,该方法的最低检出限为0.03mg/L(3σ)。利用该电极测定了水果罐头中痕量Sn2+的含量,并与国标方法作对比实验,结果表明该方法可用于实际样品分析。