Predistortion of high speed optical OFDM signal for aliasing-free receiving in multiple low-bandwidth receiver system

<正>A cost-effective method of multi-receiver optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing(OOFDM) system is proposed to reduce the requirement for the speed of the receiver and the size of fast Fourier transform(FFT).The sampling rate of analog-to-digital converters(ADCs) can be reduced to 1/N of the original signal bandwidth in an N-receiver system.Aided by signal predistortion at the transmitter, aliasing-free signal can be retrieved independently and directly at the low speed receivers.A back-to-back experimental result is given for a two-receiver system.The effect of the electrical filters added before the ADC is studied and the analysis for filters optimization is given.     

Routh method of reduction for Birkhoffian systems in the event space

For a Birkhoffian system in the event space, this paper presents the Routh method of reduction. The parametric equations of the Birkhoffian system in the event space are established, and the definition of cyclic coordinates for the system is given and the corresponding cyclic integral is obtained. Through the cyclic integral, the order of the system can be reduced. The Routh functions for the Birkhoffian system in the event space are constructed, and the Routh method of reduction is successfully generalized to the Birkhoffian system in the event space. The results show that if the system has a cyclic integral, then the parametric equations of the system can be reduced at least by two degrees and the form of the equations holds. An example is given to illustrate the application of the results.     

An all-directional interference cancelling system for large sonar array

The existence of strong interfercnce is the main constraint factor,which influences the detection performance of a signal extraction system.For asonar with large array the problem of anti-interferences in all-direction has not beensolved yet because of the requirements of over-long time delay line and the over highinput-output rate.A method proposed in this paper can be used in the design ofadaptive signal processing system with large array for suppressing the strong inter-ference in all-direction.This is a combined architecture of adaptive noise canceller(ANC)and a programmable DICANNE system.When the incident angle betweensignal θ_s and interfercnce θ_I is small,the ANC system is used.when θ_s—θ_I islarge,a programmable DICANNE system,with rising sampling rate,is used,so thatan all—directional anti—interfercnces system can be obtained.The structure des-cribed in this paper is easy to implement in hardware by using DSP chips.The designdiagram and implementable method in hardware is presented.     

A secure communication method for a high-power information signal based on chaotic masking

In this paper,we present a secure communication method for a high-power information signal based on chaotic masking.In the transmitter,an adaptive controller is adopted to pick up the change of the information signal ,and to inject the controller‘s error into the transmitting system.At the same time,the information is directly added to the chaotic signal in transmission to drive the receiving system.In the receiver,another adaptive controller is used to maintain chaotic synchronization of the transmitting and receiving systems and to recover the information signal.Since the synchronization error is independent from the information signal,the power of the information signal can be equivalent to that of the chaotic signal,and the frequency of the information signal can be set within the range of the principal frequencies of the chaotic signal,The results of theoretical analysis and numerical simulation show that the presented method not only enhances the degree of security of low-dimensional chaotic systems but also significantly improves the signal-to-noise ratio at the receiving end.     

Signal processing for high speed underwater acoustic transmission of image

A signal processing method for high-speed underwater acoustic transmission of image is presented. It has two parts. Part 1 introduces signal processing for underwater acoustic coherent communication. Part 1 includes 3 technical points. （1） Doppler shift compensation. Chirp signals are inserted between data packages. A correlation process between two copy correlation functions gives more accurate estimation of the mean Doppler shift. Then it could be compensated by resampling the data. In adaptive decision feedback equalizer （DFE） an adaptive phase compensator with fast self-optimized least mean square （FOLMS） adaptation algorithm is utilized resulting in better motion tolerance than compensators with 2nd order Phase-Lock Loop algorithm. The performance of the combination of mean Doppler shift compensation and adaptive phase compensator is quite good. （2） A diversity combiner （DC） used in advance of equalizer. Both combiner and adaptive DFE are based on FOLMS adaptation algorithm. This results in reduced computation complexity and better performance. （3） Cascaded equalizer and Turbo-Trellis Coded Modulation （TCM） decoder and the iteration algorithm. A new bitsymbol converter based on Soft Output Viterbi Algorithm （SOVA） is studied. Comparing with the traditional decision, coding and mapping algorithm, the new converter can reduce Bit Error Rate（BER） by nearly 2 orders. Part 2 is mainly around a robust image compression algorithm. Based on Discrete wavelet transform and fixed length coding, a robust compression algorithm for acoustic image is studied. The algorithm includes 4 technical points. （1） Utilizes CDF9/7 wavelet bases to transform the images. （2） Analyses the energy distribution of subband coefficients. Suitable transformation layer number is 3. （3） Applies different quantization steps to different subbands in accordance with their energy distribution. （4） Uses fixed length coding to prevent error propagation. The results show the algorithm achieves a balance among image quality, compression rate, and most important, robustness to BER. The compressed bit rate of gray scale acoustic image is 0.85 bit/pixel. Image quality remains good when BER is lower than 10^-3. There are some small dirty points when BER rises to 10^-2. Based on the signal processing techniques above mentioned, an underwater acoustic commumcation system is built. Its operational frequency band is （7.5-12.5） kHz. Its receiving array is an 8 elements uniform linear array. QPSK and 8PSK modulation and iteration algorithm for cascaded equalizer and 1-Turbo-TCM decoder based on hard SOVA are used. The system has been tested in Qiandao Lake. Low BER is achieved in 5.5 km range when data rate is 10 kbps. One gray scale image can be transmitted in 7 s. The product of its communication distance and data rate is 55 km kbps.     

Entropic Stochastic Resonance Driven by Colored Noise

The phenomenon of entropic stochastic resonance （ESR） in a two-dimensional confined system driven by a transverse periodic force is investigated when the colored fluctuation is included in the system. Applying the method of unified colored noise approximation, the approximate Fokker-Planck equation can be derived in the absence of the periodic force. Through the escaping rate of the Brownian particle from one well to the other, the power spectral amplification can be obtained. It is found that increasing the values of the noise correlation time and the signal frequency can suppress the ESR of the system.     

THE SYSTEM GAIN OF MULTICHANNEL WIENER FILTER

As a pre-processing technique,the Wiener filter can be used to suppress strong interference and noise.The general solution of optimum transfer function has been found for the multichannel system.By using aninverse matrix formula,a simple expression of optimum transfer function can be derived in the case that onlyone interference is present.The formula for calculating the system gain is presented.The asymptoticperformance of system gain as input interference to signal ratio increasing to infinite is evaluated.When theinterference is distorted not only in phase but also in amplitude as well,the system gain can be evaluated insome particular cases.The results of numerical calculation are given in this paper.     

An Extension of Algorithm on Symbolic Computations of Conserved Densities for High-Dimensional Nonlinear Systems

An improved algorithm for symbolic computations of polynomial-type conservation laws （PCLaws） of a general polynomial nonlinear system is presented. The algorithm is implemented in Maple and can be successfully used for high-dimensional models. Furthermore, the algorithm discards the restriction to evolution equations. The program can also be used to determine the preferences for a given parameterized nonlinear systems. The code is tested on several known nonlinear equations from the soliton theory.     

Study of dual-directional high rate secure communication systems using chaotic multiple-quantum-well lasers

A scheme of synchronized injection multi-quantum-well (MQW) laser system using optical coupling-feedback is presented for performing chaotic dual-directional secure communication. The performance characterization of chaos masking is investigated theoretically, the equation of synchronization demodulation is deduced and its root is also given. Chaos masking encoding with a rate of 5\,Gbit/s and a modulation frequency of 1\,GHz, chaos modulation with a rate of 0.2\,Gbit/s and a modulation frequency of 0.2\,GHz and chaos shifting key with a rate of 0.2\,Gbit/s are numerically simulated, separately. The ratio of the signal to the absolute synchronous error and the time for achieving synchronous demodulation are analysed in detail. The results illustrate that the system has stronger privacy and good performances so that it can be applied in chaotic dual-directional high rate secure communications.     

A self-adaptive stochastic resonance system design and study in chaotic interference

The us of stochastic resonance （SR） can effectively achieve the detection of weak signal in white noise and colored noise. However, SR in chaotic interference is seldom involved. In view of the requirements for the detection of weak signal in the actual project and the relationship between the signal, chaotic interference, and nonlinear system in the bistable system, a self-adaptive SR system based on genetic algorithm is designed in this paper. It regards the output signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） as a fitness function and the system parameters are jointly encoded to gain optimal bistable system parameters, then the input signal is processed in the SR system with the optimal system parameters. Experimental results show that the system can keep the best state of SR under the condition of low input SNR, which ensures the effective detection and process of weak signal in low input SNR.     

虚拟式声显微镜及应用技术研究

本文描述一台虚拟式扫描声显微镜及应用技术研究，它的硬件特别简单，仅由一台带有超高速A/D卡和快脉冲收发卡的PC机和机械扫描系统组成，主要的功能均由软件完成，脉冲收发卡仅包括脉冲产生和高频放大器，A/D卡采用PCI总线，采样率1GSPS，数据传输率100MB/s，系统能采集并实时显示频率达百兆的未检波回波信号，采修订本以的信号经软件处理，可在屏幕上实时显示样品的A、B、C型幅度像或相位像，仪器利用信号处理技术提高信号的信噪比；进行特征提取，识别，该仪器在材料识别，电子、光电子器件和焊接质量检测等方面功能较强，具有广阔的开发应用前景。     

用软件无线电方法实现MRI回波信号接收

该文首先简要介绍了软件无线电的基本原理和基于软件无线电的射频接收系统的3种结构形式：射频全宽开低通采样结构,射频直接带通采样结构和宽带中频带通采样结构;并介绍了磁共振成像（MRI）回波信号接收的基本原理和将软件无线电方法应用于MRI回波信号接收的意义. 然后该文重点介绍了采用3种软件无线电结构实现MRI回波信号接收系统的具体设计方案,包括接收系统方框图、工作原理、设计参数的选择和分析、部分功能模块的实现方法、设计和实现中需要注意的问题. 最后以一个低场通用MRI回波接收系统为实例,分析比较了3种设计方案并给出了实际系统的测试结果.     

基于FPGA的DBF多波束中频接收系统的设计与实现

数字波束形成(DBF)阵列能够充分利用阵列天线所获取的空间信息,通过信号处理技术使波束获得超分辨率和低旁瓣的性能,它由天线阵元、射频下变频模块、AD采样、中频接收系统及上位机控制器组成。对中频接收系统进行数字波束形成的具体方案进行讨论,对多路接收和AD量化一致性造成的各通道间失配提出了幅相校正的解决方案,详细分析了研制中的关键技术。实验结果表明所设计的DBF多波束中频接收系统可有效实现通道间失配的校正,并实现精确的波束赋形功能。     

磁共振信号并行高速接收系统设计

针对低场磁共振成像系统,该文设计了一种紧凑灵活的信号接收方案,实现对多通道磁共振信号的高速采样与直接数字解调. 系统采用高速模数转换器(A/D)对磁共振信号直接采样;以单片数字下变频器(DDC)--AD6636, 完成4路采样信号的数字解调;以数字信号处理器（DSP）作为控制器,实现对AD6636的配置以及I/Q数据的读取. 信号采样频率可达100 MSPS,适用于1 T以下的系统. 实验证明该设计具有结构紧凑,采样速率高,配置方便快速,滤波器设计丰富灵活等特点,为磁共振成像谱仪的研制提供了一种高性能的信号接收方案.     

无线光通信中脉冲位置调制信号误码率的蒙特卡罗仿真

分析了在无线光通信链路中对激光脉冲应用脉冲位置调制的误码率,介绍了蒙特卡罗仿真方法的基本思想及其处理概率问题的方法步骤,并用蒙特卡罗仿真方法得到了脉冲位置调制信号的误码率.仿真结果表明,脉冲位置调制信号的误码率随入射光强的增大而减小,可用雪崩光电二极管对其进行探测以得到良好的接收性能.这对探讨脉冲位置调制光通信链路的系统特性和无线光通信接收系统的设计具有一定的参考价值.     

基于指数再生窗Gabor框架的窄脉冲欠Nyquist采样与重构

基于Gabor框架的窄脉冲信号采样及重构效果已经得到验证, 其解决了有限新息率(finite rate of innovation, FRI)采样方法无法在波形未知的情况下重构出脉冲波形的问题.但是目前的Gabor框架采样系统的窗函数构造复杂且难以物理实现.本文将指数再生窗函数引入Gabor框架, 将窗函数序列调制部分简化为一阶巴特沃斯模拟滤波器, 构造了Gabor系数重构所需要的压缩感知(compressed sensing, CS)测量矩阵.为了使得测量矩阵满足信号精确重构所需的约束等距特性(restricted isometry property, RIP), 根据高阶指数样条函数能量聚集特性, 选择了最优的窗函数支撑宽度, 推导了信号重构所需的约束条件, 还对其鲁棒性进行了分析.本文通过仿真实验对上述分析进行了有效验证, 该系统可应用于测试仪器、状态监测、雷达及通信领域等多种背景下的窄脉冲信号采样与重构.     

逆合成孔径成像激光雷达数据采样技术

逆合成孔径成像激光雷达能够实现对运动目标的高分辨实时成像,但激光信号的极大带宽和目标回波信号的微弱性给雷达回波数据的接收和处理带来了较大困难.针对这一问题,提出了基于光外差探测手段和压缩感知理论相结合的信号采样方法,首先通过光外差探测降低回波信号的有效带宽,再结合压缩感知理论实现对信号的稀疏化采样和重构.仿真结果证明了运用本文所提出的采样方法,在使用远低于奈奎斯特定理所规定的采样率时,仍然能够实现对目标的高质量成像.     

Beamforming with a reduced sampling rate

The beamforming process requires a high delay resolution to avoid the deteriorating effects of the delay quantization lobes on the image dynamic range and signal to noise ratio. Wideband transducers require delay resolutions in the order of 1/16 the signal period. If oversampling is used to achieve this timing resolution, a huge data volume has to be acquired and processed in real time. This is usually avoided by sampling just above the Nyquist rate and interpolating to achieve the required delay resolution. However this increases the hardware complexity. Baseband sampling has been alternatively proposed with sampling rates as low as the transducer frequency or even lower. This approach uses two A/D converters and processing chains for every channel, thus doubling the hardware requirements. Quadrature sampling can be used instead with a single A/D converter, but the sampling rate must be a multiple of four times the transducer frequency, decreasing the application flexibility. Furthermore, it produces relatively high errors in the detected envelope if wideband transducers are used. This work presents a new approach, the selective sampling technique (SST), which keeps the lowest sampling rate required by the imaging process or the signal bandwidth (whatever is larger) and, at the same time, provides a high delay resolution to keep the highest image dynamic range. The SST is based on a second order sampling process which, differently from the mentioned approaches, does not pose any constraints in the time interval between samples and produce lower errors in the detected envelope. The hardware requirements are low (a single A/D converter and processing chain for every transducer element), working at the lowest data rate compatible with the Nyquist criterion, thus reducing the data bandwidth. Furthermore, the sampling points can be also freely chosen, so that the SST simplify the usually required scan conversion process to a simple linear interpolation easily carried out by software in real-time.     

基于System Generator的射频直接带通采样MRI信号接收方法

本文将软件无线电技术应用于磁共振成像（Magnetic Resonance Imaging，MRI）信号接收，提出了射频直接带通采样MRI信号接收的方法.基于此接收方法设计了一种MRI信号数字解调方法，该方法利用Xilinx公司推出的数字信号处理（Digital Signal Processing，DSP）设计开发工具——System Generator实现，同时设计验证了能够灵活实现数字下变频（Digital Down Conversion，DDC）功能的DDC系统.仿真与实验平台均验证了该接收方法的正确性和有效性.     

基于FPGA的激光雷达高速数据采集系统设计

为了对激光雷达的回波信号进行采集,设计了一款基于FPGA的高速数据采集、预处理系统.该系统以FPGA内嵌DRAM作为存储器,以同步有限状态机作为控制方式,可在1kHz的外触发信号激励下,以20MHz的采集频率采集数据,并可在不丢失脉冲的情况下,对采集到的4 096个数据点进行5 000次以上的对应点累加平均(滤除背景噪音).设计完成的数据采集系统已应用于一台米散射激光雷达系统中,达到了30km探测距离、7.5m时空分辨率的设计要求.