共轴环光子晶体的缺陷微腔特性

 采用数值计算方法,模拟了共轴环光子晶体缺陷微腔的谐振模式场分布,计算了此微腔的品质因数和功率损耗,并分析其几何参数对谐振特性的影响。以此缺陷微腔为基础构建周期性慢波系统,讨论了该系统的色散特性。结果表明,微腔中能够存在单一的谐振模式,微腔的纵向长度和介质环介电常数对谐振特性影响较大。所构建的慢波系统有较宽的慢波频域,且慢波比曲线较为平坦。增大电子注开孔半径和减小周期长度对于提高工作频率及增加带宽较为有效。     

内嵌型双微盘谐振腔模式特性

基于直径为7.2μm的微盘谐振腔器件,分别引入对称缺陷和非对称缺陷,利用时域有限差分法研究缺陷位置和尺寸对各自微盘谐振腔各阶模式的影响.研究表明:随着缺陷半径增大,各阶谐振模式向短波长移动并且由高到低逐级受到抑制.在对称缺陷腔、非对称缺陷腔中内嵌一个微盘,构成内嵌型双微盘谐振腔,并优化缺陷腔、内嵌微盘尺寸及位置,可实现1 128nm、1 109nm波长的稳定单模谐振.该内嵌型双微盘谐振腔微盘模式简单,实现了谐振模式的简化,具有广泛的应用前景.     

光子晶体微腔温度响应特性研究

利用平面波展开法对由硅(Si)介质柱构成的二维正方晶格光子晶体在TM模式下的能带进行计算。构造了光子晶体微腔,利用时域有限差分法对该光子晶体微腔的谐振特性进行了数值模拟,得到了缺陷态模场分布。考虑硅的热膨胀效应和热光效应对硅性质的影响,引入到光子晶体微腔谐振模式的计算中,模拟计算了微腔谐振波长随温度的变化关系。结果表明,随着温度的升高光子晶体微腔的谐振波长增大,温度每升高1℃,波长向长波漂移6.7pm,而且具有良好的线性。光子晶体微腔的这种特性可以用于温度传感,具有一定的实用意义。     

外加载谐振腔的理论计算与分析

 通过建立外加载谐振腔的等效电路模型,给出了加载以后外加载谐振腔的频率、品质因数和间隙阻抗的解析计算公式,并使用电磁场模拟软件证明了计算结果的正确性。由计算和模拟结果显示,在使用谐振腔加载的方法降低品质因数的同时,还可以利用模式重叠进一步展宽频带。由等效电路模型分析了主腔和负载腔的品质因数、主腔和负载腔之间的频率差以及耦合口的大小对加载后谐振腔的品质因数和间隙阻抗的影响。     

一种新型光学微腔的理论分析

应用波动光学理论,分析了一种新型锥顶柱状光学微腔的本征模式,得到了谐振腔的谐振波长表达式.在谐振波长1550 nm附近进行了设计与仿真优化,优化结果显示新型谐振腔与传统平行腔相比,在腔长为4512.5 nm,直径为3134.4 nm时,其品质因数可以提高22.4%,达到了49928.5,同时谐振腔的有效模式体积减小了47.8%.     

Ka波段TE01模回旋速调管输出腔

 利用模式展开和场匹配理论,建立了具有突变结构谐振腔的散射矩阵。在此基础上编制了FORTRAN计算程序,并对Ka波段TE₀₁模回旋速调管的具有突变结构的开放式输出腔进行了数值计算。分析了回旋速调管输出腔的腔体长度和半径变化,以及输出耦合孔的半径和厚度变化对输出腔的品质因数和频率的影响。结果表明：由程序模拟输出腔所得到的计算结果与HFSS软件的结果一致;与冷测实验结果相比,品质因数的相对偏差为1.65%,谐振频率的偏差为10 MHz。     

谐振腔提高横向光电效应的量子效率

根据位置敏感探测器的原理,设计了p-i-n型的谐振腔结构,研究谐振腔提高横向光电效应的量子效率。以一维缺陷光子晶体作为顶部光学镜,底部为分布式Bragg反射镜(DBR),中间为激活介质谐振腔。利用传输矩阵法计算了一维缺陷光子晶体的透射特性。由于顶部和底部结构的高反作用,一维缺陷光子晶体的透射谐振导模将被有效地限制在激活介质中。通过对谐振腔模型的分析,得出了激活介质的量子效率,并进行了数值仿真。结果表明,一维缺陷光子晶体的谐振导模能有效提高谐振腔中激活介质的量子转换效率。     

一种新型光子晶体双色谐振腔

提出一种新型的光子晶体双色谐振腔,以光学传输矩阵法为基础给出了设计的关键参量及其优化方法,并分析了其物理原理.根据常用的650nm/780nm,532nm/671nm,1079nm/1320nm和1 064 nm/1 319 nm等双色激光谱线,设计了4个光子晶体双色谐振腔结构.这种一维光子晶体谐振腔只需要一个谐振腔,缺陷层两侧周期数为5层时,该腔体总厚度小于5 μm,可获品质因子为103~104,相对带宽为10－4~10－5的双色谱线,且模式纯净,基于基模谐振.     

一维光子晶体谐振腔的模式类型及其性质

利用光学传输矩阵法研究了一维光子晶体谐振腔的谐振波长、品质因子和缺陷层厚度之间的变化关系,发现谐振腔内存在不同级次的谐振模式;对于同一级次的谐振模式,品质因子在某一波长(λm)时达到极大值,该波长恰为光子晶体反射率最高处所对应的波长,也是该光子晶体的布拉格共振反射波长;在λm处,品质因子随级次的增加而线性增加;品质因子随周期层数增加而指数增加,但其增长因子与模式级次无关,也与周期数无关,只与谐振波长有关;对于所有级次的谐振模式,增长因子在λm处达到最大值。这对提高品质因子、减小谐振腔体积、优化谐振腔有重要意义。     

平板型光子晶体谐振腔性能分析

介绍了一种平板型光子晶体微谐振腔的结构.利用三维时域有限差分法(FDTD)分析了平板型光子晶体的结构参量及其对谐振腔性能的影响.平板型光子晶体微腔具有较小的模式体积和较大的品质因子(Q),可以有效的使光子局域化.该谐振腔可以用来制造单频发光二极管和零阈值微腔激光发射器.     

Evolution law of Wigner function in laser process

Based on the density operator’s o perator-sum representation r ecently obtained by Fan and Hu for a laser process (Opt. Commun., 2008, 281: 5571; Opt. Commun., 2009, 282: 932; Phys. Lett. B, 2008, 22: 2435), we derive the evolution law of Wigner operator, the law is concisely expressed in the normally ordered formΔ(α,α*,t)=Tπ:exp?[-2T(a?e-(κ-g)t-α*)-(ae-(k-g)t-α)] :, where g and κ are the cavity gain and the loss, respectively, and T≡ (κ-g )(κ+g-2ge^{-2(κ-g) t})^-1. When t=0,Δ(α,α,t)→1π : exp?[-2(a?-α*)-(a-α)] :, which is the initial Wigner operator. Using this formalism the evolution law of Wigner functions in laser process can be directly obtained.     

Diverse magnetism in stable and metastable structures of CrTe

In this paper, we systematically investigated the structural and magnetic properties of CrTe by combining particle swarm optimization algorithm and first-principles calculations. By considering the electronic correlation effect, we predicted the ground-state structure of CrTe to be NiAs-type (space group P6₃/mmc) structure at ambient pressure, consistent with the experimental observation. Moreover, we found two extra meta-stable Cmcaand R\overline{3}m structures which have negative formation enthalpy and stable phonon dispersion at ambient pressure. The Cmcastructure is a layered antiferromagnetic metal. The cleaved energy of a single layer is 0.464 J/m² , indicating the possible synthesis of CrTe monolayer. The R\overline{3}m structure is a ferromagnetic half-metal. When external pressure is applied, the ground-state structure of CrTe transitions from P63/mmc structure to R\overline{3}m structure at a pressure of 34 GPa, then to R\overline{3}m structure at 42 GPa. We thought these results help to motivate experimental studies of the CrTe compounds in the application of spintronics.     

On the entangled fractional squeezing transformation

We propose an entangled fractional squeezing transformation (EFrST) generated by using two mutually conjugate entangled state representations with the following operator: e-iα(a1?a2?+a1a2)eiπa2?a2; this transformation sharply contrasts the complex fractional Fourier transformation produced by using e-iα(a1?a2?+a2?a2)eiπa2?a2 (see Front. Phys. DOI 10.1007/s11467-014-0445-x). The EFrST is obtained by converting the triangular functions in the integration kernel of the usual fractional Fourier transformation into hyperbolic functions, i.e., tanα → tanhα and sinα → sinhα. The fractional property of the EFrST can be well described by virtue of the properties of the entangled state representations.     

Relation between gravitational mass and baryonic mass for non-rotating and rapidly rotating neutron stars

With a selected sample of neutron star(NS)equations of state(EOSs)that are consistent with the current observations and have a range of maximum masses,we investigate the relations between NS gravitational mass Mg and baryonic mass and the relations between the maximum NS mass supported through uniform rotation(Mmax)and that of nonrotating NSs(Mtov).We find that for an EOS-independent quadratic,universal transformation formula(Mb=Mg+A×M^2/g),the best-fit A value is 0.080 for non-rotating NSs,0.064 for maximally rotating NSs,and 0.073 when NSs with arbitrary rotation are considered.The residual error of the transformation is?0.1M⊙ for non-spin or maximum-spin,but is as large as?0.2M⊙ for all spins.For different EOSs,we find that the parameter A for non-rotating NSs is proportional to R^-1/1.4(where R1.4 is NS radius for 1.4M⊙ in units of km).For a particular EOS,if one adopts the best-fit parameters for different spin periods,the residual error of the transformation is smaller,which is of the order of O.O1M⊙ for the quadratic form and less than O.O1M⊙ for the cubic form(Mb=Mg+A1×M^2/g+A2×M^3/g).We also find a very tight and general correlation between the normalized mass gain due to spin △m≡(Mmax-MTOV)MTOV and the spin period normalized to the Keplerian period P,i.e.,log10 △m=(-2.74±0.05)log10 P+log10(0.20±0.01),which is independent of EOS models.These empirical relations are helpful to study NS-NS mergers with a long-lived NS merger product using multi-messenger data.The application of our results to GW170817 is discussed.     

Gluon number fluctuations and diffusive scaling effect

The diffusive scaling is studied based on pomeron loop equations in the fixed coupling case. At Y?YDS, the gluon number fluctuations become important, the geometric scaling is replaced by the diffusive scaling. In the diffusive scaling regime, the deep inelastic scattering (DIS) total scattering cross-section is a function of single variable ln?[1/(r2Qs2(X))]/DY. We show that the deep inelastic scattering experimental data lie on a single curve, which seems to indicate the existence of the diffusive scaling phenomenology in the deep inelastic scattering.     

Kinetic modeling of multiphase flow based on simplified Enskog equation

A new kinetic model for multiphase flow was presented under the framework of the discrete Boltzmann method (DBM). Significantly different from the previous DBM, a bottom-up approach was adopted in this model. The effects of molecular size and repulsion potential were described by the Enskog collision model; the attraction potential was obtained through the mean-field approximation method. The molecular interactions, which result in the non-ideal equation of state and surface tension, were directly introduced as an external force term. Several typical benchmark problems, including Couette flow, two-phase coexistence curve, the Laplace law, phase separation, and the collision of two droplets, were simulated to verify the model. Especially, for two types of droplet collisions, the strengths of two non-equilibrium effects, {\overline{D}}_2^{*} and {\overline{D}}_3^{*} , defined through the second and third order non-conserved kinetic moments of (f-f^{eq}), are comparatively investigated, where f\left(f^{eq}\right)is the (equilibrium) distribution function. It is interesting to find that during the collision process, {\overline{D}}_2^{*} is always significantly larger than {\overline{D}}_3^{*}, {\overline{D}}_2^{*} can be used to identify the different stages of the collision process and to distinguish different types of collisions. The modeling method can be directly extended to a higher-order model for the case where the non-equilibrium effect is strong, and the linear constitutive law of viscous stress is no longer valid.     

Self-organized criticality in multi-pulse gamma-ray bursts

The variability in multi-pulse gamma-ray bursts(GRBs)may help to reveal the mechanism of underlying processes from the central engine.To investigate whether the self-organized criticality(SOC)phenomena exist in the prompt phase of GRBs,we statistically study the proper ties of GRBs with more than 3 pulses in each burst by fitting the distributions of several observed physical variables with a Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach,including the isotropic energy E_iso,the duration time T,and the peak count rate P of each pulse.Our sample consists of 454 pulses in 93 GRBs observed by the CGRO/BATSE satellite.The best-fitting values and uncertainties for these power-law indices of the differential frequency distributions are:α_E^d=1.54±0.09,α_T^d=1.82_-0.15^+0.14andα_P^d=2.09_-0.19^0.18,while the power-law indices in the cumulative frequency distributions are:α_E^c=1.44_-0.10^+0.08,α_T^c=1.75_-0.13^0.11andα_P^c=1.99_-0.19^+0.16.We find that these distributions are roughly consistent with the physical framework of a Fractal-Diffusive,Self^Organized Criticality(FD-SOC)system with the spatial dimension S=3 and the classical diffusionβ=1.Our results support that the jet responsible for the GRBs should be magnetically dominated and magnetic instabilities(e.g.,kink model,or tearing-model instability)lead the GRB emission region into the SOC state.     

Zn:Fe:LiNbO3晶体全息存储性能研究

以提拉法生长Zn(1mol%):Fe:LiNbO3, Zn(4mol%):Fe:LiNbO3,Zn(7mol%):Fe:LiNbO3晶体.Zn:Fe:LiNbO3晶体随着Zn2+浓度的增加,抗光致散射能力增加,Zn(7mol%):Fe:LiNbO3晶体抗光致散射能力比Fe:LiNbO3晶体提高两个数量级以上.测试了Zn:Fe:LiNbO3晶体衍射效率、响应时间.以Zn(7mol%):Fe:LiNbO3晶体作为存储元件,Zn(4mol%):Fe:LiNbO3晶体作为位相共轭镜,进行全息关联存储试验.试验结果显示出成像质量好、图像清晰完整、噪音小等优点.研究了Zn:Fe:LiNbO3晶体全息存储性能增强的机理.Zn(4mol%):Fe:LiNbO3晶体具有全息存储性能最佳的综合指标.     

Conditions for ponderomotive resonances in the Kapitza–Dirac effect

By applying a nonperturbative quantum electrodynamic theory, we study ponderomotive resonances when an electron beam is scattered by a standing photon wave. Our study shows that the ponderomotive parameter u_p, the ponderomotive energy per laser-photon energy, for each of the two traveling laser modes possesses a minimum value ℏω/(mec2). Ponderomotive resonances occur only when the ratio of the laser photon energy to the electron rest-mass energy is a fraction, where the denominator is twice the square of a positive integer and the numerator is the total ponderomotive number, which is also a positive integer.     

Spatial modulation of unitary impurity-induced resonances in superconducting CeCoIn5

Motivated by recent experimental progress in high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) techniques, we investigate the local quasiparticle density of states around a unitary impurity in the heavy-fermion superconductor CeCoIn₅. Based on the T -matrix approach we obtain a sharp nearly zero-energy resonance state in the strong impurity potential scattering localized around the impurity and find qualitative differences in the spatial pattern of the tunneling conductance modulated by the nodal structure of the superconducting gap. These unique features may be used as a probe of the superconducting gap symmetry and, in combination with further STM measurements, may help to confirm the dx2−y2 pairing in CeCoIn₅ at ambient pressure.