双光子吸收碱金属蒸气激光器研究进展

蓝紫激光和中红外激光在基础研究和国防工程中有重要的应用前景。单光子吸收的碱金属蒸气激光器具有量子效率高、受激发射截面大和热管理性能好等优点,近些年来已成为激光领域中研究热点之一,目前已实现k W量级的输出。双光子吸收的碱金属蒸气激光器可实现蓝紫激光和中红外激光级联输出的特性,也引起越来越多的关注。本文从碱金属原子密度、泵浦光功率、偏振和频率失调量以及调控激光等几种影响因素出发,综述了双光子吸收碱金属蒸气激光的研究进展,在此基础上分析了影响激光输出特性的原因,最后对双光子吸收碱金属蒸气激光器的发展趋势进行了展望。     

半导体抽运铯蒸气激光器阈值特性分析

本文建立了一种速率方程模型,以铯蒸气为例描述了半导体抽运碱金属蒸气激光器的阈值特性.经数值求解该模型,定量分析了抽运光束腰位置和半径、蒸气池长度、运行温度等参量对激光器的阈值抽运功率的影响.结果表明,存在最佳的抽运光束腰位置和半径、蒸气池长度以及运行温度使阈值最低,此外改善抽运光束质量也能有效降低阈值抽运功率.所得规律与目前实验事实基本相符,表明了该模型能较好地反映半导体抽运碱金属蒸气激光器的阈值特性,为该类激光器的优化设计提供一定的借鉴和参考.     

碱金属激光器问题分析与研究展望

 简要概述了半导体泵浦碱金属激光器(DPAL)的产生背景与独特优势,以其特性为基础、应用为导向,基于国内外最新进展分析了谱线匹配、连续稳定运转和提高输出功率这三大问题,并对新型复合受激态准分子宽带泵浦碱金属激光器(XPAL)的基本原理及优缺点进行了阐述。通过对碱金属激光器现有解决思路进行对比和总结,在能级理论和缓冲气体作用机理、泵浦机理和腔结构以及高功率定标放大等方面,对未来可能的研究方向进行了展望,以期突破DPAL相关技术瓶颈,实现高能量高光束质量的红外激光输出。     

1μm全光纤MOPA结构激光器输出特性研究

主振荡功率放大（main oscillation power amplification, MOPA）结构由于其光束质量良好和参数可调的优点,已成为高功率光纤激光器的主流设计之一。为了改善高功率掺镱光纤激光器（ytterbium-doped fiber laser, YDFL）的输出性能,提高系统的光-光转换效率,文中报道了一台基于915 nm泵浦激光器和双包层掺镱光纤（ytterbium-doped fiber, YDF）的MOPA结构全光纤高功率激光器。该高功率光纤激光器由电调制激光二极管（laser diode, LD）泵浦的种子激光器和掺镱光纤放大器（ytterbium-doped fiber amplifier, YDFA）组成。连续光（continuous wave, CW）工作模式下,激光种子源经过YDFA后,实现了中心波长为1 069.96 nm的激光输出,最大平均输出功率可达945.9 W,MOPA激光器整机的斜率效率高达74.12%,具有良好的稳健性。该研究方案对研制高功率MOPA光纤激光器具有参考意义。     

长波段半导体激光泵浦光纤激光器实现2 kW功率输出

半导体激光（LD）泵浦的高功率光纤激光器具有效率高、体积小、重量轻、稳定性好等优点,在工业加工等诸多领域都有着广泛的应用。为了提高泵浦光吸收率,传统光纤激光器常用915 nm和976 nm波段的LD作为激光的泵浦源。在该类LD泵浦的光纤激光器中,由于量子亏损和泵浦吸收系数相对较高,光纤激光器的热致模式不稳定（TMI）阈值相对较低。为了提高量子效率和潜在的TMI阈值,提出采用大于1 010 nm波段的LD直接泵浦光纤激光器,产生高量子效率激光。搭建了振荡放大一体化的全光纤激光器,采用总泵浦功率为2.56 kW的1 010 nm波段LD泵浦,首次获得输出功率2.05 kW、光束质量M2约1.7的激光。后续将通过进一步增大泵浦功率、优化光纤特性以实现更高功率、更优光束质量的光纤激光输出。     

激光工作物质

针对各向异性激光介质的通光面为方形、泵浦光为高斯光束及泵浦尺寸小于通光面的情况,以Nd:YV().为例,用MATLAB程序语言对激光二极管(LD)端面泵浦的各向异性激光介质的热传导方程进行数值计算,精确地求出了激光介质中各点的温度和温度分布,从而可以定量地分析出LD端面泵浦固体激光器的热效应,进而设计出高效高功率LD端面     

利用双光子吸收效应测量激光脉冲的相干时间

研究了利用反向泵浦－探测双光子吸收材料的方法来测量脉冲激光的相干时间，并测量量了２３ｐｓ，５３２ｎｍ Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ激光脉冲的相干时间。实验和理论分析表明，光束相干作用增加了双光子吸收，利用此方法可测量其它脉宽激光的相干时间。     

二极管泵浦高能激光研究进展和展望

高能激光广泛应用于材料加工、科学研究、空间碎片清除、军事应用等领域。二极管泵浦高能激光具有结构紧凑,系统简单、全电驱无限弹仓的特点,近年来,各类二极管泵浦高能激光围绕着同时实现高功率、高效率、高光束质量这一总目标发展迅速。详细综述了国内外高平均功率块状固体激光、高功率可见光波段激光、高峰值功率激光、高功率光纤激光、碱金属蒸气激光等二极管泵浦高能激光的研究进展,并对其发展趋势进行了展望。     

百瓦级近衍射极限VCSEL泵浦激光器

报道了高功率、高光束质量的垂直腔面发射半导体激光器(VCSEL)侧泵的Nd:YAG激光振荡器。从VCSEL泵浦源的主动冷却的热沉结构出发,设计了5个227 W的VCSEL线阵,并且通过优化侧面泵浦大口径激光棒的结构,研制成了具备480 W输出能力的棒状激光模块,相应的光-光效率为49.7%。在此基础上,设计了一种高功率、高光束质量的VCSEL侧面泵浦棒状Nd:YAG激光振荡器。腔内插入望远镜光学元件,并通过优化各光学元件的参数使其工作在热近非稳区域,以达到增大基横模体积和抑制高阶横模目的。最终,获得114 W的输出功率,相应的平均光束质量因子M2为1.42。由于VCSEL具备优秀的波长-温度稳定性,这种高功率、高光束质量的VCSEL泵浦的固体激光器在工业、空间等领域,具有极为广阔的应用前景。     

高功率二极管泵浦激光模块的热致球差

 为获得高功率高光束质量的激光器,对激光器中的热致球差进行了研究。介绍了高功率二极管泵浦Nd:YAG棒激光模块热致球差的测量和补偿方法。使用S-H波前探测器测量了激光模块的三阶球差,设计了补偿系统对激光模块的球差进行了补偿,并对补偿前后的各阶像差进行了分析。在主振功放(MOPA)系统中使用球差补偿系统,工作电流110 A时,光束质量平方因子从9.2提高到6.4。实验结果表明球差补偿系统能消除激光模块的的三阶球差,而且不会引起其它像差的增大,提高了激光器光束质量。     

线阵激光二极管侧面抽运Nd∶YAG激光器特性研究

依据四能级系统速率方程 ,推导出了多横模振荡固体激光器输出与输入参量的关系。对二极管抽运固体激光器中线阵激光二极管三向对称侧面抽运结构 ,计算了抽运光强分布 ,并就激光器的阈值抽运功率、近阈值条件下的斜率效率、输出功率和光束质量等与抽运参量的关系 ,进行了数值计算。由计算结果看出 ,线阵激光二极管侧面抽运Nd∶YAG激光器中晶体半径和抽运光束腰半径是影响输出激光功率和光束质量的主要因素 ,并通过在谐振腔中加小孔选模 ,使光束质量得到明显改善。选择了一组三向侧面抽运结构参量进行了实验验证 ,实验结果与理论计算一致。     

Diode-pumped Tm:LuAG laser at room temperature

The lasing characteristics of Tm：LuAG at room temperature are reported. The maximum output power at 2.023-μm wavelength is 4.91 W and the slope efficiency is 25.39%. The mode matching between pump mode and laser mode is optimized by changing the pump beam waist radius and its location. Different output couplers are used to realize the optimal laser output. The relationship between operation temperature and output power is also discussed.     

Influence of pump beam size on laser diode end-pumped solid state lasers

Based on space-dependent rate equation, the lowest threshold input power for diode end-pumped solid state lasers is obtained for pump spot size w_p → 0. However, when the pump beam waist is decreased, the far-field half-angle increases due to the same beam quality, which will influence the match between the pump volume and mode volume. Most importantly, when the pump beam waist is decreased, the temperature and temperature gradient in the laser rod would be very high due to the resulting heat, which would cause material distortion, variation of refractive index, instability of laser resonator etc. We analyze the temperature distributions with different pump beam sizes and conclude that the condition w_p ≈ w₀ (the radius of the laser beam at the laser rod) is often taken as a rough guide to the optimum case.     

Research on Thermal Effect of Window of High Power Fast Axial Flow CO_2 Laser

1 IntroduCtionIn the laser process of materials, when the cutout laser pew6r of a fast acal flowop laser is low and the coupler is flat in each Plane, the 'Waist of the output laser islocated on. the windoW. But when the output power increase, some phenomena willemerge and the output laser beam iS self-focussed. The main reason is that When theoutput power of the laser is high, the coupler thermal lens effect afl be resulted.adn the Phenomenon of coupler thermal lens effect of high power fa…     

Design of a 2.5 THz submillimeter wave laser with optical pump beam guiding

A ring resonator design using the same set of mirrors for pump beam and submillimeter wave (SMMW) beam guiding is introduced. Optimal design is discussed on the example of a 2.5 THz methanol laser. It turns out that due to refocussing of the pump beam on the pinhole certain focal lengths of the focussing mirror, which mainly is responsible for the beam guiding, should be avoided. Diffraction losses and pinhole losses determine optimalg-parameters for which the pump beam guiding losses of the resonator are minimum, and optimal pump beam waist radii.The setup of an experimental laser with the optimized resonator and the experimental setup to measure laser performance are described, and results concerning laser output power, beam quality and efficiency are discussed.     

Research on Thermal Effect of Window of High Power Fast Axial Flow CO2 Laser

Because of the thermal effect of window of high power fast axial flow (CO2 laser, the coupler will be distorted and become a convex lens. In this paper, the thermal distorted coupler is taken as a quasi-lens ABCD system, and through experiment and theoretical analysis, relations between the position of the output beam waist, the beam waist size, divergence angle, and the output power are given.     

二极管双侧抽运横流连续液体激光系统性能模拟

为解决无机液体激光系统的热效应问题,采用激光二极管双侧抽运横向流动的Nd3 :POCl3:ZrCl4溶液以很好地减小热效应,实现液体激光系统高功率高光束质量输出。建立了液体激光理论模型,分析了工作参量对系统能量转换效率与介质热效应的影响;模拟了系统在不同吸收系数和不同流速下的能量转换效率,远场光斑分布以及激光束亮度分布。模拟结果表明:采用二极管作为抽运源可以获得很高的能量转换效率,而且光束质量较好;在给定抽运体积和抽运强度为800 W/cm2时,介质的吸收系数位于2.5~3.0 cm-1,流速约为25 m/s时,输出功率与光束质量实现最佳匹配,激光束亮度最高,系统性能达到最佳。     

自混频激光理论模型及应用

建立了在同一块非线性激光晶体上实现自混频激光的理论模型。该模型计入了具有任意腰斑大小的泵浦光和腔内基频光的空间分布,并将该模型应用到NYAB和Nd:GdCOB的自混频蓝光实验。理论分析预测和证实了一些实验结果,同时,讨论和总结了提高自混频激光输出效率的途径。     

High power doubly resonant all-intracavity deep blue laser at 447 nm based on sum-frequency-mixing technology

A high power continuous-wave deep blue laser at 447 nm is obtained by using a doubly cavity and a type H critical phase matching KTP crystal for intracavity sum-frequency-mixing. With the incident pump power of 240 W for the Nd：YAP crystal and 120 W for the other Nd：YAP crystal, the deep blue laser output of 5.7 W at 447 nm with near fundamental mode is obtained, and the beam quality M^2 value equals 2.53 in both horizontal and vertical directions at the maximum output power. The power stability is better than 2% at the maximum output power during half an hour. The experimental results show that the intracavity sum-frequency mixing by doubly resonant is an effective method for high power blue laser.