三角波调制对谐振微光学陀螺偏置稳定性的影响（英文）

谐振式微光学陀螺是一种新型的惯性传感仪器,与传统的机械陀螺与其他光学陀螺相比具有很多理论上的优势。通过分析抑制载波和提高信噪比,深入地研究了三角波调制频率和幅度对谐振式微光学陀螺偏置稳定性的影响。通过理论计算和仿真分析,考虑得到更好的载波抑制效果,调制幅度应选为15.44V;考虑提高信噪比,调制频率应设为1 MHz。搭建了谐振式微光学陀螺系统,实验测试结果与理论分析吻合较好。此外,采用优化的调制参数,陀螺的偏置稳定性由0.39(°)/s提高到0.18(°)/s(10s积分时间)。研究结果表明:选择优化的调制三角波参数可以将陀螺偏置稳定性提高一倍,对于其他调制方案,如正弦波相位调制方案,同样可以通过分析载波抑制和信噪比优化调制参数,改善陀螺偏置稳定性。     

谐振式微光学陀螺偏置频率调制技术研究

谐振式微光学陀螺(RMOG)是一种基于光学Sagnac效应的新型角速度传感器.提出了基于模拟波形连续线性相位调制技术的偏置频率调制.与传统的双频率锯齿波调制以及数字调制方法相比,偏置频率调制消除了由于锯齿波回扫或数字波形中的台阶效应引入的脉冲噪声.从理论上推导了连续线性相位调制波形参数与陀螺的动态范围和灵敏度的关系,得...     

不同相位调制波形对背向散射噪声的抑制

谐振式光纤陀螺系统中,背向散射噪声成为制约其系统精度的重要因素之一.对陀螺双路系统其中一路光波信号进行研究,利用相位调制频谱展开及光场叠加的方法,对光纤环形谐振腔输出光场进行理论分析.理论上载波分量的出现会在系统中引入背向散射噪声,因此仿真分析引入载波分量的幅度,得到采用三角波调制比正弦波更有利于抑制载波分量.以抑制载波分量为目标,搭建自外差载波抑制测试平台,对相位调制器施加三角波与正弦波两种波形调制,得到采用三角波调制时载波抑制比最高可达64.3dB,比正弦波调制时高出6dB,与理论分析相符;在陀螺系统应用中,采用三角波调制时陀螺输出信号载波抑制程度更大,波动更小,更加稳定.     

集成光波导陀螺双光路三角波调相谱脉冲噪声特性

基于三角波调相谱技术的谐振式集成光波导陀螺(RIOG)信号检测,光波相位调制引入的频谱分量所带来的光学噪声成为限制陀螺性能提升的主要因素。结合光波在三角波相位调制下的频率变化特性和波导谐振腔的光传输特性,给出了三角波调制下的同步解调信息;依据三角波调制下对背向散射噪声抑制的幅度调制参数和系统最大灵敏度工作点的频率调制参数,结合多光场叠加原理,理论仿真分析了谐振谱不同谐振区的输出脉冲噪声,这种脉冲噪声将对工作于不同调制频率下顺逆时针传输光波的信号采集区带来干扰;搭建了基于二氧化硅波导环形谐振腔的陀螺实验系统,分别测试了激光扫描下谐振腔不同谐振区的脉冲噪声和激光频率锁定在谐振腔谐振点时的脉冲噪声,与理论分析一致。分析结果表明,RIOG采用的三角波调相谱信号检测技术存在无法克服的脉冲噪声,针对不同要求的RIOG,给出了相应的调制技术方案,这为RIOG的工程化和性能优化提供了技术参考。     

谐振型光纤陀螺克尔效应误差消除方法研究

对采用方波频率调制数字闭环谐振型光纤陀螺中克尔效应的影响进行了深入的理论分析,〖CM)〗〖JP〗 分析表明，由克尔效应引起的陀螺误差不仅与光纤环内两相反方向光束的光强差有关，而且还依赖于两路光波频率调制的调制幅度,通过适当调节两光束的频率调制幅度，可有效地实现克尔效应误差的消除,这种基于方波频率调制的克尔效应误差消除方法利用了方波调制的特点，通过调节调制幅度实现误差消除，无需额外光学元件，对强度调制器调制频率要求低，是数字谐振型光纤陀螺系统中消除克尔效应误差的有效方法,     

谐振式光子带隙光纤陀螺一体化方案

实现了使用光子带隙光纤的一体化谐振式光纤陀螺方案,设计并制作了谐振腔中基于微光学结构的耦合器。实验测得制作的谐振腔清晰度为3.7。搭建了基于该谐振腔的陀螺系统,并对其主、次偏振态的谐振曲线进行了实际测量。实验结果测得该系统60 s零漂为2.45 ()/s,及1 h长期稳定性为7.11 ()/s。同时,实现了对应陀螺输出50 ()/s（积分时间10 s）及100 ()/s（积分时间10 s）的模拟转速实验,验证了该陀螺系统的Sagnac效应。分析得到耦合损耗是影响该陀螺系统性能的主要因素。验证了该谐振腔结构具有应用于陀螺系统的可行性,为谐振式光纤陀螺性能进一步提高提供了参考。     

激光调制参数对光纤环型谐振腔光谱特性影响

谐振光学环型腔作为光学陀螺的核心敏感单元,其光学调制谱和与之对应的鉴频曲线的特性成为提高光学陀螺系统检测灵敏度的关键。为了研究光学陀螺的调制和鉴频谱线特性,优化陀螺性能,设计并搭建了实验测试系统,光纤环形谐振腔采用分光比为50∶50、直径17 cm的保偏光纤,总长2.2 m。使用直流高压放大器扫描窄线宽激光器（线宽小于1 kHz）的压电转化模块,扫描频率和电压分别选取20 Hz和1 V,使用模拟比例积分电路进行锁频并反馈给激光器的压电转化模块,使激光器的输出频率跟踪谐振腔实时变化。研究分析了光纤环型谐振腔在两种情况下所对应的透射谱和鉴频曲线:第一种情况为调制电压分别为2 V和4 V,对应调制频率从100 kHz到4 MHz变化;第二种情况为当调制频率为900 kHz,调制电压从2 V到10 V变化。通过实验,得到了不同调制参数下光学陀螺谱线的谐振深度、半高全宽、线性带宽、动态范围、品质因数、标度因数以及对应的锁频精度七种物理量的详细变化情况,并进一步得到了静态测试条件下三种陀螺的最佳调制频率及与之所匹配的调制电压。为进一步研究激光调制对光纤环型谐振腔光谱的影响提供指导。     

激光调制参数对光纤环型谐振腔光谱特性影响（英文）

谐振光学环型腔作为光学陀螺的核心敏感单元,其光学调制谱和与之对应的鉴频曲线的特性成为提高光学陀螺系统检测灵敏度的关键。为了研究光学陀螺的调制和鉴频谱线特性,优化陀螺性能,设计并搭建了实验测试系统,光纤环形谐振腔采用分光比为50∶50、直径17cm的保偏光纤,总长2.2m。使用直流高压放大器扫描窄线宽激光器(线宽小于1kHz)的压电转化模块,扫描频率和电压分别选取20Hz和1V,使用模拟比例积分电路进行锁频并反馈给激光器的压电转化模块,使激光器的输出频率跟踪谐振腔实时变化。研究分析了光纤环型谐振腔在两种情况下所对应的透射谱和鉴频曲线:第一种情况为调制电压分别为2V和4V,对应调制频率从100kHz到4 MHz变化;第二种情况为当调制频率为900kHz,调制电压从2V到10V变化。通过实验,得到了不同调制参数下光学陀螺谱线的谐振深度、半高全宽、线性带宽、动态范围、品质因数、标度因数以及对应的锁频精度七种物理量的详细变化情况,并进一步得到了静态测试条件下三种陀螺的最佳调制频率及与之所匹配的调制电压。为进一步研究激光调制对光纤环型谐振腔光谱的影响提供指导。     

谐振式光纤陀螺背向散射噪声抑制研究

背向散射噪声是谐振式光纤陀螺的主要噪声之一。基于载波抑制法降低背向散射噪声的原理,建立了温度和电压对陀螺零偏影响的数学模型,理论证明此方法受温度影响较大且对电路要求较高。提出了三频差动谐振式光纤陀螺新方案,该方案通过谐振腔内运行三束频率间隔较大的光波来抑制背向散射噪声。与传统二频闭环陀螺进行了对比试验,结果表明:新方案能有效地降低陀螺噪声,最大陀螺零偏和零偏稳定性改善约4倍。     

谐振式集成光学陀螺解调特性分析

基于激光器频率谱检测技术,沿着光的传输方向分析了光波在谐振式集成光学陀螺系统中的传播,结合输入信号特征,建立频域内的数学模型,通过数值仿真和实验得到了调频检测系统下的解调曲线。按照光的传输方向：激光器、声光晶体移频器、光波导环形谐振器、探测器,利用贝塞尔函数展开和光场耦合模理论分析了谐振式集成光学陀螺解调特性,及其调频调制检测系统解调输出信号与谐振频率偏差之间的关系。通过数值计算,分析了解调曲线的变化规律,得到了施加在激光器压电陶瓷驱动器上调制波形的最佳调制系数。在实验上搭建了激光器频率调制解调技术系统,得到了解调曲线。数值仿真和实验结果表明,当调制系数M=2时,线性工作区间斜率最大,解调曲线最好。实测形状与理论分析结果相符,从解调信号得到±2×10³ rad/s的陀螺动态范围。     

语音信号调制的微腔半导体激光器的抗噪音性能

假定微腔半导体激光器输入调制信号为实际语音信号,伴随语音信号的噪音为加性白噪音,在小信号近似下,得到了电流调制和自发发射寿命调制下激光器的传递函数;在大信噪比的前提下,对激光器进行了频域分析,得到了不同参量下的信噪比增益.数值模拟结果表明,在偏置电流的变化范围内,存在极低信噪比增益区,大自发发射因子、小自发发射寿命有利于使该区变窄;语音信号的通带范围和功率谱密度分布特征参量的适当选取,可以使激光器的抗噪音性能在偏置电流的某段范围内得以提高.     

偏置调幅波调制噪声的单模激光随机共振

采用偏置信号的调幅波调制抽运噪声的单模激光增益模型，用线性化近似方法计算了以e指数形式关联的两色噪声驱动下光强的功率谱及信噪比.结果表明，信噪比随着噪声强度的变化、抽运噪声自关联时间的变化、激光系统参数的变化、载波频率及信号频率的变化均存在随机共振现象. 关键词： 抽运噪声 单模激光 随机共振 调幅波     

Signal-to-noise analysis for propagation of laser radiation through a tissue-like medium by diffuse photon-density waves

Biomedical optical imaging in the near-infrared (NIR) region provides the possibility to detect and determine pathological and functional changes in human tissue without the drawback of ionizing radiation. Of special promise is the application of this technology for the detection of joint diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It has been shown that optical changes in the synovial fluid and the vasculature surrounding the joints can be detected with optical methods. Applying optical tomographic methods one should be able to localize and quantify these changes for detection of the onset of RA. The first studies have been limited to continuous wave imaging. However, it is well known that enhanced resolution and better separation between absorption and scattering properties of tissue can be achieved using intensity modulated light sources. Intensity modulation of laser light in the MHz region leads to propagation of so-called diffuse photon density waves (PDW) through the tissue In this study we report on basic experimental results to determine performance and sensitivity of PDW-transillumination of tissue like phantoms. We used a vector network analyzer to generate and analyze intensity modulation from 100 MHz up to 1 GHz via a diode laser and an avalanche photo diode. Scans were performed across phantoms containing a layer with different absorbing and scattering properties bounded by an edge. The thickness of the phantoms was chosen similar to human fingers to gain information for optimization of tomographic imaging of finger joints. We experimentally determined the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the system and compared the results to theoretical predictions. Noise and SNR of amplitude and phase depend on frequency of modulation. While the amplitude SNR decreases with frequency, phase SNR increases to assume a maximum value. We found that the inserted layer can be better characterized using phase information, which becomes more valuable as the source modulation frequency is increased. On the other hand, the sensitivity to perturbations is highest in the amplitude data obtained at lower frequencies. Thus, for tomographic imaging, optimal modulation frequencies should be found depending on the tissue type and nature of tissue inhomogeneities.     

TDLAS波长调制压力测量法参数优化

使用TDLAS技术进行动态压力测量已经成为压力测量领域的研究热点。波长调制法实验装置较为复杂,需要对多个参数进行设置,选择出最优的预设参数能够取得更好的实验效果,获得更高的测量精度。目前波长调制法的实验参数设置基本凭借个人经验,使用Matlab程序仿真结合波长调制法的TDLAS测量技术,能够对实验中需要进行预设的重要参数进行了分析。通过计算4990cm-1波段和6330cm-1波段附近的多条吸收峰,发现4990.09cm-1波段处的吸收峰更适合作为波长调制法的测量波段。以4990.09cm-1处的吸收峰为研究对象,进行了波长调制法压力测量仿真建模,计算了调制度、调谐频率和调制频率对二次谐波幅值和对称性的影响并深入地分析了影响因素,总结了其变化规律。在综合考虑抗噪性能和测量精度的情况下,选择了调制度为2.5,调谐频率30Hz,调制频率5kHz为最佳实验参数。基于Matlab的仿真模型能够快速计算大量参数点,更加直观地分析出对参数的影响趋势,为实验仪器和预设参数的选择提供依据。     

Resonance asymmetry phenomenon in waveguide-type optical ring resonator gyro

The intensity output of a silica waveguide ring resonator (WRR) was found to show an asymmetric resonance characteristic. To further analyze and better design the resonator micro optic gyro (RMOG) with a waveguide-type ring resonator, in-depth research of the characteristics of the resonance asymmetry is fully developed for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. Four possible sources of the resonance asymmetry are analyzed and their respective contributions are compared. These four error sources are differential normal mode losses in the coupler, the backscattering induced noises, the polarization fluctuations and the optical Kerr effect. The differential normal mode loss is suspected to be the major contributor to the observed resonance asymmetry in the fabricated silica WRR. Asymmetric resonance curve produces a large output bias error in the RMOG based on the phase modulation technique, which is related to the modulation frequency differences between the CW and CCW lightwaves. Theoretical analysis shows that replacing the reflector WRR with a transmitter one is helpful to eliminate the effect of the different normal mode losses in the coupler on the resonance asymmetry.     

Parameter optimization of pulse compression in ultrasound imaging systems with coded excitation

A linear array imaging system with coded excitation is considered, where the proposed excitation/compression scheme maximizes the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and minimizes sidelobes at the output of the compression filter. A pulse with linear frequency modulation (LFM) is used for coded excitation. The excitation/compression scheme is based on the fast digital mismatched filtering. The parameter optimization of the excitation/compression scheme includes (i) choice of an optimal filtering function for the mismatched filtering; (ii) choice of an optimal window function for tapering of the chirp amplitude; (iii) optimization of a chirp-to-transducer bandwidth ratio; (iv) choice of an appropriate n-bit quantizer. The simulation results show that the excitation/compression scheme can be implemented as a Dolph–Chebyshev filter including amplitude tapering of the chirp with a Lanczos window. An example of such an optimized system is given where the chirp bandwidth is chosen to be 2.5 times the transducer bandwidth and equals 6 MHz: The sidelobes are suppressed to −80 dB, for a central frequency of 4 MHz, and to −94 dB, for a central frequency of 8 MHz. The corresponding improvement of the SNR is 18 and 21 dB, respectively, when compared to a conventional short pulse imaging system. Simulation of B-mode images demonstrates the advantage of coded excitation systems of detecting regions with low contrast.     

Electromagnetic Resonance of Astigmatic Gaussian Beam to the High Frequency Gravitational Waves

The high frequency gravitational waves(around 10~8-10~(12) Hz) could interact with a specially designed electromagnetic resonance system.It is found that the power of transverse perturbative photon flux(PPF) of an electromagnetic resonance system can be improved significantly by virtue of an astigmatic Gaussian beam.Correspondingly the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) would also be improved.When the eccentric ratio of waist satisfying w_(0x):w_(0y)1,the peak value of signal photon flux could be raised by 2-4 times with typical systematic parameters,while the background photon flux would be depressed.Therefore,the ratio of transverse PPF to background photon flux(i.e.,SNR)can be further improved 3-8 times with dimensionless amplitude of relic gravitational wave h_t=10~(-36).     

双同步坐标系锁相环在AC-LINK充电电源中的应用

为提高电源在电网非理想输入情况下工作的适应性,采用解耦双同步坐标系下的三相锁相环,能够获取电网电压的相位与频率信息,并通过FIR滤波环节提取输入线电压的基波幅值,及时准确地为电源提供控制参数。建立了Matlab/Simulink仿真模型,在三相输入不平衡、频率变化、电压畸变等情况下进行仿真,并基于DSP2812芯片编写了控制程序进行测试。仿真与实验结果表明:在各种电网输入情况下,该方法都能够准确提取输入线电压的幅度、相位以及频率信息,为电源的良好运行提供保障。     

可见光通信中的白光LED非线性噪声分析

针对LED的非线性特征,提出一种计算OOK调制可见光通信系统的非线性噪声的方法,进而求出传输信噪比以及误码率。运用Matlab仿真分析得出LED直流偏置点和误码率的关系曲线,并通过可见光通信系统图像传输实验验证了该曲线的正确性。该曲线对于LED的型号和最佳偏置点的选取具有很好的指导意义。     

激光光源紫外—可见连续可调谐共振拉曼光谱测量系统

本文报道了建立的国内第一套激光光源在２２０ｎｍ～９７０ｎｍ连续可调谐的共振拉曼测量系统。详细分析了影响谱图信噪比的因素，提出了相应的抑制噪声的方法，优化了参数设置，测得了满意的谱图。